• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.227-238
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• 2011

To investigate recognition and use of nutrition labeling on eating-out menus, self-recorded questionnaire was surveyed for 641 consumers who visited hamburger and pizza restaurants in Daejeon from May to July, 2010. Subjects were women of 51.3% and 92.9% aged 10s or 20s. Use frequency of hamburger and pizza restaurants was 2-3 times a month with 56.9%. Of subjects 41.0% knew nutrition labeling mandates of eating-out menus, 64.6% have seen nutrition labels of menus, and 44.5% read nutrition labels when purchasing. Among subjects who read nutrition labels, 67.0% (29.8% of total) referred to it when menu purchase and 60.4% (26.9% of total) experienced changing menu. The ratio of reading nutrition labels was different among gender, diet trial frequency and monthly eating-out cost. Reasons for not reading labels were "not interested in" or "never heard about" for 57.0%, and "not noticeable" for 28.7%. The ratio who read correctly all 3 pieces of information, such as calorie amount, daily value, and way of using daily value was 39.2%. Average number of correct reading was 2.13, which was different among gender, marital status, having children, diet trial frequency, monthly eating-out cost, the restaurants use frequency, and accompanying person. Many subjects wanted to be additionally provided with cholesterol and transfat. Therefore, practical and differentiated consumer educations considering consumer features are required for better nutrition labeling usage. Government's regulatory efforts and voluntary effort of eating-out companies, such as adding nutrients on labels and improving labeling places, are also necessary.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.417-428
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• 2011

To promote use of nutrition labels, degrees of awareness, use, and satisfaction of nutrition labeling on eating-out menus were investigated by a self-recorded questionnaire from May to July 2010 in 629 participants who visited four bakery chains (n=409) and three ice-cream chains (n=220) located in Daejeon. Of the subjects 53.4% were female, 68.8% aged 20~29 years, and 59.3% visited bakery or ice-cream stores 1~3 times per month. Only 38.2% of participants had knowledge of nutrition-labeling mandates for eating-out menus, and 74.9% had seen labels before in bakery and ice-cream stores. Most subjects understood calorie amount and daily value of sodium very well, but they failed to understand the meaning of daily value. Only 21.2% of the subjects understood nutrition label information completely. Of the participants, 46.7% read nutrition labels in bakery or ice-cream stores when purchasing. Among the subjects who read the labels, 77.2% (36.1% of total subjects) referred to the label information when selecting a menu and 46.9% (21.9% of total subjects) had experienced altering their menu choice based on the information. Exactly 53.3% of subjects answered they did not read nutrition labels since they were not interested or had no time, or because the labels were not noticeable. Satisfaction of the place, timing, and format of nutrition labels at bakery and ice-cream stores fell below average overall. Many subjects wanted trans fat and cholesterol to be added to the labels. In conclusion, degrees of perception, use, and satisfaction of nutrition labels at bakery and ice-cream stores were still low. More effective publicity and consumer education about nutrition labeling will be necessary, and bakery or ice-cream companies should make efforts to improve nutrition labeling such as providing format and place.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.420-429
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to investigate the perception of nutrition labeling on restaurant menus, and to analyze the differences among subject's characteristics, eating-out behaviors, and dietary attitudes. Information concerning general characteristics, health status, eating-out behaviors and dietary attitudes of subjects was collected by a structured questionnaire. From January 5th to February 27th in 2009, 406 questionnaires were completed by 157 males and 249 females. Statistical analyses were performed using by SPSS 14.0 package program. The perception of the importance of nutrition labeling was 3.89, while knowledge of whether restaurants provided sufficient nutrition information scored 2.26 indicating that being highly conscious of nutrition labeling, respondents did not view the supplied information as sufficient. Nutritional perception was greater in females and varied in both genders with age and health status. Significant differences concerning the perceptions of nutrition labeling were evident, based on eating-out behaviors and dietary attitudes. The results imply that nutrition labeling on restaurant menus should be based on consumer characteristics. Relevant nutrition labeling might help improve health by encouraging proper dietary habits and providing valuable nutritional information. Recognition of the importance of nutrition labeling and strategic implementation of labeling in menus would be prudent strategies for restaurant managers. (Korean J Community Nutrition 14(4) : 420${\sim}$429, 2009)

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.463-482
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 효과적인 어린이도서관 웹사이트를 설계하기 위한 방안을 모색하기 위해 31개의 현행 국내 어린이도서관 각 웹사이트의 메뉴를 통해 컨텐츠 구성, 구조 및 레이블을 기준으로 분석하였다. 먼저 메뉴를 통해 정보내용에 따른 컨텐츠 구성요소를 15개의 항목으로 분석하였으며 컨텐츠 구조 및 레이블 분석대상을 이용자의 정보이용 판단에 일차적으로 중요한 역할을 하는 메인메뉴와 1차 서브메뉴로 한정하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 효율적인 어린이도서관 웹사이트를 설계하기 위해서는 무엇보다 우선적으로 어린이도서관의 목적과 기능에 준하여 컨텐츠를 구성하는 것이 필요한 것으로 나타났으며 또한 구성된 컨텐츠는 적절한 구조와 표준화된 레이블을 통해 제공해야 해야 할 필요성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.5-27
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• 2019

본 연구는 국내 박물관 웹 사이트의 메뉴구조 및 콘텐츠 분석을 통하여 박물관 웹 사이트 메뉴구조의 발전방향을 제시한 것이다. 이를 위하여 국내 27개의 국립·공립·대학 박물관을 대상으로 메뉴구조를 콘텐츠 영역으로 구분, 정리하고 인포메이션 아키텍처의 구성요소인 조직화 시스템, 레이블링 시스템, 내비게이션 시스템의 측면에서 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 적절한 폭과 깊이의 계층구조, 명확하고 일관성 있는 레이블 사용, 소장품 검색 기능 제공 및 소장품 현황 업데이트, 웹 사이트 오류에 대한 즉각 수정, 웹 사이트의 지속적 관리 등을 발전 방안으로 제시하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.544-551
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• 2014

This study investigated customer perception of nutrition labeling at fast-food restaurants in Korea. Five hundred and fourteen customers with previous experience at fast-food restaurants were surveyed in July 2012 in Korea. A total of 502 completed questionnaires were analyzed (98.0%). The questionnaires asked about the general characteristics of the subjects, their perceptions and opinions of nutrition labeling at fast-food restaurants, any nutrients they would like to see included in nutrition labels, and their preferred nutrition labeling methods at fast-food restaurants. Of the respondents, 59.4% were male and 40.6% were female; 42.4% indicated that they eat at fast-food restaurants two to three times a month. Half of respondents (54.2%) knew of nutrition labeling of fast-food restaurants, with females being more aware than males. Males trusted nutrition labeling at fast-food restaurants more than females did, and more males than females responded that nutrition labeling helps when selecting healthy menu items. As for satisfaction with nutrition labeling at fast-food restaurants, males were more satisfied than females, and customers between 30 and 39 years old showed the highest rates of satisfaction. Calories was the criterion that most respondents (66.3%) wished to pre-displayed, followed by sodium and trans fat levels. Respondents mostly preferred nutrition labels at fast-food restaurants to be in the form of symbolic icons (36.5%). The results of this study can help shape the application of nutrition labeling at fast-food restaurants and can be used to help establish guidelines for nutritional education for customers in Korea.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.507-512
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• 2010

This study was conducted to offer basic data that give effective ways to inform the country-of-origin labeling, where the ingredients they are serving are from, at school foodservice and to reconsider the importance of the labeling origin based on the survey by the elementary school students. 96.0% of the elementary school students agreed to the regulation about the country-of-origin labeling and the older students were influenced more by media and also supported the labeling. About the tendency of ingesting food from the country the students didn't like, 69% of them disagreed to eat. In the ways to label the country-of-origin labeling at school foodservice, elementary school students recognized easily the indication of origin designed by menu items, letter type. 76% of elementary school students checked the country-of-origin labeling posted at restaurants. When the students eat out, 68% of them were unwilling to have the food using the ingredients from the country they don't like. The country-of-origin for main ingredients such as beef, pork, chicken and other meat products, rice, kimchi had high importance scores. We found that the students think about the country-of-origin for main ingredients is important. Consequently, education and public relations of the country-of-origin labeling for elementary school students would be required.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2009

국민들에게 올바른 영양정보를 제공하여 외식시 균형잡힌 영양섭취와 올바른 메뉴선택을 위한 영양표시제의 방안과 패스트푸드업체에서 실시할 영양표시제에 관한 소비자 인식과 필요성 그리고 건강한 식생활에 미칠 영향을 분석하기 위해 설문조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영양표시에 대한 소비자의 인식을 기존에 영양표시 제가 실시되고 있는 가공식품과 향후 패스트푸드업체에서 실시할 영양표시제에 대한 인식을 조사한 결과, 현재 가공식품을 구입하는데 있어서 영양표시의 중요성을 높게 인식하고 있는 반면 패스트푸드업체에서 실시할 영양표시제에 대한 인식은 매우 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 패스트푸드업체에서 실시할 영양표시제의 도입 필요성은 인지하는 있었으며 이는 메뉴선정에 도움을 주고 건강한 식생활에 영향을 줄 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 또한 영양성분표시를 실시한 외식업체에 대한 재방문의사도 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 패스트푸드업체의 메뉴에 대한 영양성분의 표시기준은 100 g(또는 100 mL)의 단위기준보다 1인 제공량으로 표시되기를 바라고 있었으며, 패스트푸드업체가 표기해야할 영양성분으로는 성인병과 체중증가와 관련있는 열량과 지방 그리고 콜레스테롤함량이 우선적으로 표기되기를 바라는 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 메뉴에서 우선적으로 표기되어야 하는 항목으로는 열량, 1인분량, 지방함량인 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 패스트푸드업체에서 영양성분을 표시할 장소는 소비자가 주문을 하기 전 쉽게 확인하고 참고할 수 있는 매장내 포스단말기와 계산대 위에 설치된 메뉴보드로서, 이는 패스트푸드업체의 셀프서비스 주문방식을 반영된 결과로 분석되었다. 넷째, 패스트푸드업체에서 실시할 영양표시제의 필요성에서는 여자가 남자보다 더 많은 필요성을 인식하고 있었으며, 주부와 초등학생들이 비교적 낮은 필요성을 보이고 있어 주부와 초등학생을 대상으로 하는 영양표시제에 관한교육프로그램의 필요성이 제기되었다. 또한 학력에 있어서는 고학력자일수록 그리고 월소득이 높을수록 영양표시제에 대한 필요성을 높게 인식하고 있었다. 이는 영양교육을 통한 식생활의 중요성을 인지할 기회가 많았고 생활의 여유 속에서 끼니를 떼우기 위한 식사가 아닌 선택을 통한 식사를 즐기는 고소득자들에게는 영양표시제의 실시가 더욱더 필요하게 되었음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 7번 이상의 다이어트 경험자들도 영양표시제에 대한 필요성을 인식하고 있었는데 이는 체중감량을 위한 칼로리 제한을 외식을 하면서도 가능하게 하기 위함이라고 사료된다. 다섯번째, 패스트푸드업체에서 실시될 영양표시제가 건강한 식생활에 미치는 영향에 대해 남자보다는 여자가 더 많은 영향을 줄 것이라고 생각하고 있었으며 연령에서는 10대 20대 30대가 더 많은 영향을 줄 것이라고 생각하고 있었고 전문대학졸업자와 대학원졸업자가 비교적 많은 영향을 미칠 것이라고 분석되었다. 이는 외모에 관심이 많은 여성과 젊은층 그리고 식생활에 대한 교육기회가 많았던 조사대상자들이 영양표시제가 건강한 식생활에 영향을 미칠 것이라고 인식하고 있었기 때문이라고 사료된다. 그러나 가족의 식생활을 담당하는 주부들의 영양표시제에 대한 인식은 매우 낮아 주부들을 대상으로 한 건강한 식생활 교육 프로그램을 실시해야 할 필요성이 제기되었다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.147-164
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• 2008

이 연구는 재미한인교회 웹사이트의 지역정보 메뉴가 채택하고 있는 정보구조를 살펴보고, 지역정보 메뉴에 대한 교회 웹사이트 고유의 특성을 고려한 효과적인 정보구조를 제안하고자 시도되었다. 미국아멘넷을 통해 파악한 재미한인교회 홈페이지 중에서 지역정보 하위 메뉴를 가지고 있는 12개 홈페이지를 대상으로 웹사이트의 메뉴구성을 파악하고 하위메뉴의 구성요소와 레이블을 비교, 분석하였다. 그리고 <지역정보>의 1차 서브메뉴 하에, 6항목의 2차 서브메뉴로 구성된 재미한인교회 웹사이트의 지역정보 메뉴를 제안하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.394-405
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to develop a nutrition policy on food and nutrition labeling and education systems for fast food and carbonated soft drinks in Korea by identifying the fast food and soft drink use and by examining nutrition policies and labeling in Korea and other countries. Fast food is defined as food dispensed quickly at a restaurant generally offering a limited menu of inexpensive items, which may be mostly not nutritious. It is a growing component of the Korean diet, especially on children and adolescent population. Low nutrient dense beverages such as carbonated drinks are also increasing in the children and adolescent's diet in Korea and concern has been raised that these beverages may replace more nutritious beverage and provide empty calories. According to 2001 Korean national health and nutrition survey, fast food and carbonated soft drinks were most popular among 13 - 19 years old adolescents. Thirty six and 72 percent of adolescents consumed hamburger and carbonated beverage equal to or more than once a week, respectively. In United States, all processed food including soft drinks should disclose full nutrition information by nutrition labeling requirement.. Restaurant foods are not required to provide nutrition information currently, but legislation on mandatory nutrition labeling of fast foods with other restaurant foods has been proposed currently in US. The sales of foods of minimal nutritional value, such as soft drinks, in the nation's schools is regulated by the United States Department of Agriculture. Nutrition information about fast food in US has been provided by fast food companies, non-profit organizations, hospitals and government through internet, booklet and brochure, etc, but the information is available from only a few resources in Korea. This study suggests a nutrition policy on fast food and soft drink use which includes establishing mandatory nutrition labeling and developing nutrition education materials and programs by web-site, booklet and government and school programs in Korea.