• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2000

In this case report we demonstrated the improvemen of gait pattern and the facilitation of postwalk locomotion on the child who has severe mental retardation with Incomplete gait pattern. Treatments included to stimulate vestibular using balance board and vestibular stimulator, to train weight hearing and shifting, to facilitate visual perception motor coordination, and to train walk ann postwalk locomotion in environment similar to actual daily life. It was performed 130 sessions for 10 months. With this treatment, she could accomplished dynamic stability so that she didn't fall at walk after $1\~2$ months of treatment, and could have done climbing up and down without hand support after 10 months. In gross motor function measure(GMFM), total motor function was improved to $89.98\%$ from $73.53\%$.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2018

WAGR (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and mental retardation) syndrome is a rare contiguous gene deletion syndrome caused by deleting genes including WT1 and PAX6 genes in 11p13 region, which is characterized by Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and intellectual disability. We report the clinical and cytogenetic characteristics of one Korean patient with WAGR syndrome. The patient shows bilateral sporadic aniridia and genital anomalies at 2 months of age. A heterozygous 14.5 Mb interstitial deletion of 11p14.3p12 region was detected by array comparative genomic hybridization. At 2 years and 10 months of age, Wilms tumor is found through regularly abdominal ultrasonography and treated by chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1025-1029
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• 2007

It is widely assumed that Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is determined by inherent disposition and environmental factor. IQ is estimated by age-conversion score and stabilized around age 4 and IQ of adult age can be predicted after age 10. Though children with Mental Retardation (MR) are delayed in language development since early infant period, they receive only special education including speech and language therapy, but no special medication. In traditional Korean medicine, the etiology and treatment for developmental delay of language have been handed down for a long time. Some studies on herbs and prescriptions for improving language development have been undertaken recently. We have found several cases of significant elevation of IQ in the children treated with long term medications of Korean herbal medicine for improvement of language. Analyzing these cases, especially performance IQ showed significant change. Therefore we suggest that Korean herbal medicine might improve cognition development in children with MR.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2019

EFMR은 뇌전증을 보이는 여자 환자에게서 지적장애가 동반된 것이 특징적인데 이들 중 PCDH19 변이와 연관이 있는 경우를 PCDH19 연관성 뇌전증으로 분류하였다. PCDH19 연관성 뇌전증은 조기에 발병하며 열에 민감하고 잘 조절되지 않는 군집발작을 보이는 것이 특징이다. 발달장애나 인지 및 행동장애를 동반할 수 있으며 정상에서부터 중증까지 다양하게 나타날 수 있다. 최근 이러한 질환에서 유전적 원인을 찾고자 하는 노력으로 뇌전증 유전자 패널을 이용하는 경우가 많아지고 있다. 저자들은 EFMR 환자에서 뇌전증 유전자 패널을 이용한 유전자 검사상 PCDH19 돌연변이가 확인된 사례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2021

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental genomic imprinting disorder involving a lack of gene expression from the paternal chromosome 15q11-q13 region. This is typically due to paternal 15q11-q13 deletions (in approximately 60% of cases), maternal uniparental disomy 15, or when both 15s are from the mother (about 35% of cases). An imprinting center controls the expression of imprinted genes in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. PWS is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mental retardation and distinct physical, behavioral, and psychiatric features. Characteristic behavioral disturbances in PWS include excessive interest in food, skin picking, difficulty with a change in routine, temper tantrums, obsessive and compulsive behaviors, and mood fluctuations. Individuals with PWS typically have intellectual disabilities (borderline to mild/moderate mental retardation) and exhibit a higher overall level of behavior disturbances compared to individuals with similar intellectual disabilities. This condition severely limits social adaptations and quality of life. Different factors have been linked to the intensity and form of these behavioral disturbances, but there is no consensus regarding the cause. Consequently, there is still controversy surrounding management strategies and there is a need for new data. PWS is a multisystem disorder. Family members, caregivers, physicians, dieticians, and speech-language pathologists all play an important role in the management and treatment of symptoms in an individual with PWS. Here we analyze behavioral problems in children and adults with PWS by age and review appropriate management and treatment strategies for these symptoms.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1155-1166
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residents' opinions about community mental health in the Taegu-Kyungpuk area for the future development of a community mental health program and model appropriate for Korea, The subjects were 152 residents in the Taegu - Kyungpuk area. In July 1999, the data was collected using a convenience sample technique. Mental health status was significantly different for the level of occupational advantage(x$^2$＝15.684, p＜.05) and physical health(x$^2$＝39.262, p＜.000). Factor structure for mental health problems with the percentage of variance was as follows. optimistic view(27.518), dark view(10.758), mastery(6.200), discomfiture(6.101) and life style(5.641). Most of the respondents(92.1%) took the mental health problems seriously. The serious aspects of the mental health problem were found to be epilepsy, mental retardation, neurosis and schizophrenia respectively. Concerning about the view of community mental health, most of the respondents answered that the a C.M.H.C. was ‘useful and urgent’ concerning the need for C.M.H,(77.6%). They answered positively on the utilization of C.M.H.C(75.7% ) and preferred the separately new community mental heath center. A psychiatrist was preferred as the key person in charge(44.1%). If community mental health centers were established in a community health center, they answered that the expected major problem would be quality control of care(44.7%). They preferred the psychiatrist's office as the recommended agency for the insane(44.7%). Opinions of the asylum system were found very negative in respect to psychiatric therapy and humanitarianism. The results of this study will help establish a relevant model for this community as the primary site for a community-based mental health model.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-37
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop effective oral health education programs for mentally retarded children and promote their oral health, by offering oral health education for 45 mentally retarded children between age 6 to 20, tracking the change of their knowledge depending on the frequency of education, and examining the educational effect before and after oral health education. The children with mental retardation attended a special school for idiots in Gweonseon-gu, Suwon, Kyonggi Province, being able to take training(IQ 25-49). The education program was designed to be suitable for their cognitive power after consultation with a special school teacher. A teacher provided the same education seven times, once a week, and an interview was held with each of them to assess their correct answer rate. The findings of this study were as below: 1. The repeated oral health education served to have the children with mental retardation acquire better knowledge about harmful food for the teeth, what had to be done after eating cookies or candies between meals, the right time for toothbrushing, the concept of dental caries, and how to cope with dental caries(p<0.01). But after that education was offered four times, the frequency of that education made no difference. 2. The repeated oral health education increased, their knowledge on the role of the teeth and the right choice of toothbrush(p<0.01), yet there was no significant difference in their knowledge about oral health behavior, because they had already been familiar with that. 3. As a result of investigating the change of their oral health know-ledge before and after oral health education according to the type of handicap, the type of handicap made no significant difference to the change of their oral health knowledge. 4. The oral health education for the children with menial retardation had a significantly different effect on their knowledge about harmful food for the teeth, what had to be done after eating between meals, the right time for toothbrushing, the role of the teeth. the right choice and use of toothbrush, how to do toothbrushing, and fluorine(p<0.01).

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.597-601
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• 2003

저자들은 저출생 체중과 호흡 곤란을 주소로 출생 직후 이송 된 여아에서, 진찰상 안면과 골격계 기형 소견 보여 말초 혈액에서 시행한 염색체 핵형 검사에서 trisomy 9, low level mosaic type으로 진단되었던 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-33
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• 2005

음악은 가장 오래되고 자연스러운 자기 표현의 수단으로 인간의 역사 속에서 현재까지 내려와 인간과 관계 맺고 있다. 이는 음악이 개인의 감정을 자유롭게 표현할 수 있는 통로의 역할을 하면서도 그 내용에 대해 직접적인 판단을 받지 않은 음악이라는 매체의 특성 때문인데, 이는 클라이언트에게 자유롭고 비위협적인 안전한 환경을 조성해 주기 때문이다. 이러한 음악의 특성들은 사회적 위축감과 무기력감으로 인해 수동적이거나 공격적인 부적절한 감정 표현의 양상을 보이는 정신지체인들에게 긍정적인 도구가 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 정신지체를 가진 성인들에게 기존의 감정 표현 훈련에 음악을 활용할 경우 정신지체를 가진 성인들의 자기 감정 표현 및 사회생활기술에 음악이 긍정적인 영향성을 미치는지 알아 보기 위함이다. 각 3명의 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나누어 실시하였으며, 실시한 프로그램의 효과를 분석하기 위해, 자기 표현 평정 척도 및 사회 생활 기술 척도 도구를 사용하여 사전 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 기존의 감정 표현 훈련보다 음악을 활용한 감정 표현 훈련이 성인정신지체인들의 말할 때의 내용표현, 음성 표현, 신체 및 비언어적 표현력을 모두 포함한 자기 감정 표현력에서 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 이는 전반적인 정신지체인들의 사회생활기술의 향상에도 긍정적인 영향을 주었다고 해석할 수 있다. 이는 전반적인 사회생활기술의 향상과 자기 감정 표현의 불가분의 관계를 보여주는 것과 동시에 음악을 활용한 감정 표현 훈련이 정신지체를 가진 성인들의 효과적인 감정 표현 훈련의 방법으로 사용될 수 있다는 것을 제시했다고 볼 수 있다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives Taking detailed patient history helps earlier diagnosis and treatment of developmental disability. In this study we analyzed the clinical questionnaire to find out the clinical characteristics of those with five-retardation, five-limpness, or five-stiffness. Methods The data was collected from 484 children under the age of six who have visited H oriental medicine clinic for developmental delay. The clinical questionnaire was filled out by their parents and the data was analyzed statistically. Results 436 children showed symptoms of five-retardation, 90 children suffered from five-stiffness, 54 children showed five-limpness and 7 children suffered from five-stiffness and five-limpness complex. Generally, boys had higher chance to show disease symptoms than the girls (2.32:1) and 40 children (8.26%) reported family history of developmental disability. Cerebral palsy ranks the most common familial disease, followed by developmental delay, mental retardation, autistic disorder and language disorder. Among the children we have studied, 285 children (63.19%) showed delayed unassisted walk while 192 children (42.57%) had language disorder. Also, 138 children (28.51%) had both walk and language disorders. The children in this study also showed delayed toilet training and half of them had little stranger anxiety when they were infants. It was also found that 120 children (24.79%) experienced epilepsy. This study reaffirmed that low birth weight, premature birth, and suffocation are major risks causing neurological damage. Conclusions They had history which including family history, problems at birth, epilepsy, face recognition, muscle tone disorder, delayed walking without assistance, language ability, and toilet training.