• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.179-193
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• 2002

The 5 working day's a week increase to fixed cost. Specially, the small ＆ medium size company more increase to manufacturing cost. The introduction of 5 working day's rule influence to labor cost in manufacturing cost. Also, it make disappear to fixed cost of 0.5 working day. Almost manufacturing company expect to have difficulty in product cost. The case of japan, many manufacturing company move to Asian countries after introduction of 5 working day's a week rule. The purpose of this study are the analysis of change product cost and suggest to solutions for a type of industries.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2016

This study was conducted to test whether post-harvest medium of king oyster mushroom can be recycled for its bottle cultivation. Physical properties of the post-harvest medium and the resulting yield of fruit bodies revealed no significant difference compared with control. Recycling post-harvest medium can be replaced to 15% of the basal medium, thus decreasing the cost of raw materials up to 15%.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.449-462
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• 2010

In this Paper, We analyzed influence Factor to TPM Performance in medium and small enterprises by empirically. By Literature survey, We hypothesize education training and 5S influence to individual improvement, independence maintenance, planning and foresight, which also influence to flexibility, total equipment performance, quality, which finally influence to lower cost, delivery date. To analyze empirically, we survey questionnaire in medium and small enterprises being below 300 people. From statistical analysis, 7 hypotheses are rejected, which is different existing research. This is analyzed that reflect actuality that medium and small enterprises is different from large enterprises. We expect that result of this treatise does concentration effort in important factor to get TPM performance in medium and small enterprises.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2005

Clostridium bifermentans strain DPH-1 has already been found to dechlorinate perchloroethylene (PCE) to cis-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE) via trichloroethylene (TCE). In this study, our investigation on different culture conditions of this DPH-1 strain was extended to find a more efficient and cost effective growth medium composition for this DPH-1 strain in bioremediation practices. Temperature dependency of strain DPH-1 showed that the growth starting time and PCE degradation at $15^{\circ}C$ was very slow compared to that of $30^{\circ}C$, but complete PCE degradation occurred in both cases. For the proper utilization of strain DPH-1 in more cost effective bioremediation practices, a simpler composition of an effective media was studied. One component of the culture medium, yeast extract, had been substituted by molasses, which served as a good source of electron donor. The DPH-1 strain in the medium containing molasses, in the presence of $K_{2}HPO_4\;and\;KH_{2}PO_4$, showed identical bacterial multiplication (0.135 mg protein $mL^{-1}h^{-1}$) and PCE degradation rates ($0.38\;{\mu}M/h$) to those of the yeast extract containing medium.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

According to the growing importance of science and technology policy, investment in research and development (R&D) has been increased. In this context, a patent as one of outcome of firm's systematic R&D investment is the way to hold a dominant position in companies' technology competitiveness and also to protect technology right. This study attempts to find the effects of input resources and intellectual property production activity on company value. It conducted empirical analysis based on 238 KOSDAQ-listed and medium-sized firms. Using the previous research, this study configurated research variables about activity of patent production, company value, and input of resources. Through these variables, it aims to know the effect of input of resources and activity of patent production on company value. First, the result of regression analysis shows that R&D cost has the positive effect on a patent production and sales promotion cost positively affects on the registration of the trademark. Second, the output of regression analysis indicates that a patent has the positive effect on company value but a trademark has not. With regard to the input of resources, R&D cost has the influence on company value but sales promotion cost has not. This study attempts to find the effectiveness of company's intellectual property registration on its value and suggests a way that the systematic R&D investment contributes the growth of company value.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the growing activities of large purchasing enterprises on the trust of small and medium size contractors, which is mediated by 'purchase accompany activity'. This subject study includes the first and second contractor companies in Korea. The results of this study are as follow. First, the knowledge and cost price sharing activities of major purchase vendor with cooperative company had a positive effect on the trust of cooperative company, however this was not so with the information sharing activities in that case. Second, the trust of contractors on large purchasing enterprises was positively influenced by sharing activities with purchasing activities of major company. Third, the knowledge and cost price sharing activities of purchasing enterprise with contractors on the sharing activities were mediated by the trust of contracting company on the large purchase enterprise. According to this study, the mediated effect of trust relationship can influence a contracting company. Whereas preceding studies of sharing activities were conducted about unidirectional instruct of large purchase enterprises to small and medium size contracting companies, this study was conducted on bidirectional effects, which included knowledge, cost price, information sharing activities between contracting companies and large purchasing enterprises. Conclusively, this study showed the possibility of spreading cognitive and change about mutual benefits strategy between small and medium size contracting company and large purchasing enterprise.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.1531-1541
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• 2023

Lipase is a well-known and highly in-demand enzyme. During the last decade, several lipase optimization studies have been reported. However, production costs have always been a bottleneck for commercial-scale microbial enzyme production. This research aimed to optimize the conditions for lipase production by Limtongozyma siamensis DMKU-WBL1-3 via a One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) approach combined with statistical methods while using a low-cost substrate. Results suggest that low-cost substrates can be substituted for all media components. An optimal medium was found, using response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD), to consist of 0.50% (w/v) sweet whey, 0.40% (w/v) yeast extract (food grade), and 2.50% (v/v) palm oil with the medium pH adjusted to 4 under shaking flask cultivation. From an economic point of view, this work was successful in reducing production costs while increasing lipase productivity. The medium costs were reduced by 87.5% of the original cost while lipase activity was increased by nearly 6-fold. Moreover, lipase production was further studied in a 2-L stirred-tank fermentor. Its activity was 1,055.6 ± 0.0 U/ml when aeration and agitation rates were adjusted to 1 vvm and 170 rpm, respectively. Interestingly, under this optimal lipase production, the yeast showed accumulated lipids inside the cells. The primary fatty acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) that is typically linked to health benefits. This study hence reveals promising lipase production and lipid accumulation by L. siamensis DMKU-WBL1-3 that are worthy of further study.

• Vacuum Magazine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.4-10
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• 2016

Photovoltaic technology has been intensively developed as one of the most powerful renewable energies, replacing a fossil fuel such as coal and petroleum. Every country in the world has emphasized on development of photovoltaic technology and our government has invested heavily in low cost and high efficiency. Korea institute of industrial technology (KITECH) has lastingly constructed PV R&D infra for development of cost-effective and high efficiency solar cells as well as support of commercialization in PV's small and medium enterprises. In this paper, we introduce the next generation PV R&D and infra in KITECH.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.367-373
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• 2011

This research is a basic researching process for producing solid fuel that mixing paper sludge and Heat Transfer Medium Oil. Under the presence of Heat Transfer Medium Oil, paper sludge is heated and dried with home appliance microwave for comparing drying efficiency and energy efficiency of different types of drying method. As a result, Heat Transfer Medium Oil and paper mixing case of drying method, OMD, is the most efficient way to shorten the time for evaporating moisture in the paper sludge. In addition, heat transfer effect and density is increased with adding Heat Transfer Medium Oil by microwave. Future more, OMD's energy cost for evaporating whole moisture is 78% cheaper than MD. Also, OMD process shows the best energy efficiency with comparing other process. Evaporation rate of paper sludge evaporation process with microwave is 11.66% increased by adding Heat Transfer Medium Oil 150g. Preheating Heat Transfer Medium Oil or improving different ways injecting Heat Transfer Medium Oil is a good way to increase a rate of initiative moisture evaporation process.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.71 no.2
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• pp.139-151
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• 2019

In a project schedule, it is possible to reduce the time required to complete a project by allocating extra resources for critical activities. However, accelerating a project causes additional expense. This issue is addressed by finding optimal set of time-cost alternatives and is known as the time-cost trade-off problem in the literature. The aim of this study is to identify the optimal set of time-cost alternatives using a multiobjective teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm integrated with the non-dominated sorting concept and is applied to successfully optimize the projects ranging from a small to medium large projects. Numerical simulations indicate that the utilized model searches and identifies optimal / near optimal trade-offs between project time and cost in construction engineering and management. Therefore, it is concluded that the developed TLBO-based multiobjective approach offers satisfactorily solutions for time-cost trade-off optimization problems.