• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.51-76
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• 2022

Objectives : To provide foundation for research on local medical examination of the Ming period, the contents on 'He who does not know Yi(易) cannot speak of medicine' in the Yixuetongzong(醫學統宗) written by He Jian was analyzed. Methods : Proofreading of the original texts, followed by interpretation of words and phrase and translation into Korean were done. The resulting contents were then analyzed from the perspective of the theory of Medical Yi(Yi-Yi). Results : In this medical exam paper for physicians, He answers himself on topics such as the Four Symbols[四象], Eight Symbols[八象], the Sixty-four hexagrams[Liushisigua], the combinations of the Organs and Bowels[Zangfu], Nine Orifices[Jiuqiao], and Five Body Parts[Wuti], the origin of the pulse, the reasoning behind calling the pulse 'the station for blood[xuezhifu]', what the 'Tianzhen Weihezhi Qi' stands for and the meaning of the Twelve Organs[shierguan]. He also supports the perspective of the 'Medicine and Yi having the same roots[Yi-yi tongyuan]', arguing that due to this, the body's physiology could be explained through the theories of Yi[易]. This shows that He understood the Yi-yi theory as a larger category. Conclusions :He's medical exam paper reflects his uniqueness in the field of the Yi-yi theory that precedes that of Zhao Xianke.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.41-58
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• 2022

Objectives : In this paper, the outline and overall content of the Majinhwiseong, a specialized medical text on measles written by Lee Wonpung was introduced, along with its academic historical meaning. Methods : The entire Majinhwiseong was analyzed according to content and form. In terms of form, organization, construction, cited literature, etc., were studied, while in terms of content, diagnosis of disease pattern and treatment formulas were studied. Later, based on cited medical texts and the author's social position, the academic historical meaning of this book was discussed. Results : Through the Majinhwiseong, Lee Wonpung strengthened the credibility of the text by not only providing medical knowledge on measles but listing their sources and comparing and analyzing related contents. In the diagnosis part, Lee focused on the changes in symptom, shape, color, and pulse of measles, discussing in detail its differential diagnostic methods. In the treatment part, while listing numerous formulas suggested by Ming (明) masters, Lee did not leave out treatment experiences of Joseon physicians. Meanwhile, the Majinhwiseong is indicative of measles medicine in 18th century Joseon having been progressed in the private sector rather than the official, and how the results of private sector medicine were being absorbed into the official realm through the Uiyakdongcham (議藥同參) system. Conclusions : The Majinhwiseong is a practical treatment manual written by clinician Lee Wonpung to deal measles which was widely spread at the time. The author organized existing medical knowledge on measles for clinicians while reflecting outcomes and medical situation of Joseon physicians in this book. Based on these findings, we could verify that medicine in 18th century Joseon had been progressing actively around the private medical sector.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.158-168
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• 2017

There is a more urgent call for educational methods of machine learning in medical education, and therefore, new approaches of teaching and researching machine learning in medicine are needed. This paper presents a case using machine learning through text analysis. Topic modeling of news articles with the keyword 'asbestos' were examined. Two hypotheses were tested using this method, and the process of machine learning of texts is illustrated through this example. Using an automated text analysis method, all the news articles published from January 1, 1990 to November 15, 2016 in South Korea which included 'asbestos' in the title and the body were collected by web scraping. Differences in topics were analyzed by structured topic modelling (STM) and compared by press companies and periods. More articles were found in liberal media outlets. Differences were found in the number and types of topics in the articles according to the partisanship and period. STM showed that the conservative press views asbestos as a personal problem, while the progressive press views asbestos as a social problem. A divergence in the perspective for emphasizing the issues of asbestos between the conservative press and progressive press was also found. Social perspective influences the main topics of news stories. Thus, the patients' uneasiness and pain are not presented by both sources of media. In addition, topics differ between news media sources based on partisanship, and therefore cause divergence in readers' framing. The method of text analysis and its strengths and weaknesses are explained, and an application for the teaching and researching of machine learning in medical education using the methodology of text analysis is considered. An educational method of machine learning in medical education is urgent for future generations.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2019

This study examines a Song-dynasty book entitled TaeYiKukZieKuaZungMun Kyuk (A Collection of Imperial Medical Service Examination Questions and Answers 太醫局諸科程文格), which is the collection of questions and answers in the state examinations on medicine. This book was compiled by Hah Dae-yim (何大任) who was the vice-principal of the TaeYiKuk (The Imperial Medical Service 太醫局). The book consists of nine chapters. The present study reviewed all the chapters and found a number of significant issues. First, test-takers were required to be highly proficient in the fundamental knowledge of canonic texts of East Asian medicine. Second, pulse diagnosis was emphasized among the four diagnostic methods (四診). Third, herbal medicine formulas are organized according to the fixed structures of Ki Bang (奇方), which contained an odd number of herbs and Wu Bang (偶方), which contained an even numbered herbs), and fixed ratios for mixing various herbs. Fourth, there is a theory for division of therapies in which acupuncture is used for meridian diseases and herbal medicine for organ diseases. Fifth, herbal medicine formulas based on Unki theory (運氣學) are simpler than those of the previous generations. Sixth, the knowledge on the place of origin of herbs was emphasized. Seventh, knowledge of the relationship between herbs was also emphasized. Eighth, Tang (湯) and San (散) were used most frequently as forms of medicine.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.25-45
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• 2013

Objective : Through the comparison of the Eumyang(陰陽) theory between Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經) and Juyeok(周易) Gyesajeon(繫辭傳) written by Gongja(孔子), the philosophical background of Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經) and the position of Eumyang theory in the ancient academic society can be clearly understood. Method : The similarities and differences of the Eumyang theory in Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經) and Juyeok(周易) Gyesajeon(繫辭傳) are categorized and analyzed comparing both texts. Results & Conclusion : Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經) and Juyeok(周易) all recognized Eumyang movement as the most important and basic principle of the change of the universe. In the relationship between Eum(陰) and Yang(陽), the key of harmonization of them is to keep and practice the virtue of each others. The plentiful expression of Juyeok(周易) Gyesajeon(繫辭傳) about the relationship of Eumyang is helpful to understand and apply the concepts of Eumyang to daily life. The other hand, Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經) as medical text, concentrates upon the explanation about the movement and circulation of Gi(氣) between Eum and Yang.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.83-94
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• 2010

"Beijijiufa" is a book written by Wenrenqinian, 1226, Song dynasty. It provides moxibustion on acute disease. However, the book is composed with quotations by other authors such as Gehong, Zhenquan, Sunzhenren, Hwangdi Qibo and others. Sunzhenren is a dominant author out of them by quotations. 14 diseases out of 22 in acute disease, is quoted in "Qianjinfang" of Sunzhenren. I will compare texts of "Beijijiufa" with "Qianjinfang" and try to figure out differences between them just like text itself, methods of treatment, moxibution point, number of points, case of male or female and so on. As a result, comparing with "Qianjinfang", "Beijijiufa" has somehow new opinions about acute disease by moxibution in methods of treatment, moxibution point, number of points, case of male or female etc., even if it referred "Qianjinfang".

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2018

Much research has already been done on Donguibogam. However, comparison of specific characters was not done because researchers found it difficult to compare different editions of the text in one place. Recently, important editions have been published on the Internet, making comparison possible. In this paper, researchers compare eight editions Donguibogam, including the original edition published in 1613 and seven other editions corrected by the Naeuiwon (Joseon Dynasty National Medical Center). The comparison results were summarized and tabulated. The results of the comparison are analyzed and presented in this article as a chart. The result of comparing the characters and the analyzed graph were in agreement. The authors propose that all written and electronic publications of Donguibogam should refer to other editions implied, quoted or referenced within the text and including with proper citations, and reference the original and first edition. Inadequate referencing will pollute future knowledge of this foundational text of Traditional Korean Medicine and may result in perpetration of mis-information. Based on accumulated knowledge and study of historical Korean Medicine texts, the Namsan edition made a mistake in the editing process. The year of publication of Gabsul-yoengyoeng-gegan Edition needs to be studied again and corrections made where appropriate.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2015

Objectives : Usually medical terminology of oriental mecidine has a multiple meaning. But concept of Shanghan(傷寒) should be simple, because Shanghanlun(傷寒論) is a clinical guideline book. So I researched to suggest many concept of Shanghan, which are suitable for each chapter of Shanghanlun. Methods : I enumerated provisions including Shnaghan from the original texts of Gangpyeong-Shanghanlun(康平傷寒論). And I translated and reviewed them. Results : 1. Shanghan of Preface(序文) means a disease of high fatality. 2. Shanghan of Shanghanrye(傷寒例) means diseases due to physical damage of cold weather. 3. Shanghan of Diagnosis of Daeyang Disease(辨大陽病) - Neck stiffness(痙), Dampness(濕), Sun stroke(暍) means certain disease names accompanying fever, chill. 4. Shanghan used in Diagnosis of Diseases is a premise of many provisions of Shanghanlun. And Shanghan is made up of finished fever, expected fever, chill, body pain, loss of appetite, image of tension. Conclusions : We can use a appropriate translation on Shanghan of each chapter of Gangpyeong-Sanghanlun. Especially Shanghan used in "Diagnosis of Diseases" should have more accurate meaning.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.878-883
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• 2005

The dream is a well-known experience in the routine life. It is the image and thought being occurred during the sleep, and the complex reaction of our mental world to the event of everyday. In particular, there are so many opinions of the reason why people have a dream and this thesis is telling about the physical and pathological changes in the human as one of that various opinions. The aspects of this thesis are often founded in the diverse texts of oriental Medicine, including the Internal Classics(내경), and there were some cases that regarded the dream as diagnostic object and put to clinical uses. These attempts were not only tried out by particular orient thoght, also the ancient Greeks thought that the dream would represent important informations about the health. But, these ideas have been treated lightly by the impacts of the western medicine since the modern age. Straightforwardly, before the psycho-analytics was not development, most of the doctors and scientists regarded the dream as things like dregs of mind. The central operating bodies of the dream are the Spirit(신) and Hon and Beak(혼백), and the Spirit(신) is more essential part between the two.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.12-37
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• 2006

1. Objectives This study is written to investigate the biblographical facts on the book ${\ulcorner}$Dogyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$(東醫壽世保元) quoted from ${\ulcorner}Dongeuibogam{\lrcorner}$(東醫寶鑑). 2. Methods It was researched on the comparative and literal study about the relation to ${\ulcorner}$Dogyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}Dongeuibogam{\lrcorner}$and several books quoted from ${\ulcorner}Dongeuibogam{\lrcorner}$. 3. Results and Conclusions In this study, We found out${\ulcorner}$Dogyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$has several wrong quoted expressions. 1) There are 22 wrong expressions of quoted book 2) There are 6 wrong expressions of writer 3) There are 6 wrong expressions of contents