• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.617-626
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• 2015

This study examined the relationship between the physical activity levels and health care utilization in Korean elderly based on the data from The fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES V). As a result, physically active participants were 0.54 times (OR;95% CI, p<0.001) less likely to use inpatient health care and 0.73 times (OR;95% CI, p=0.040) less likely to use outpatient health care and 0.75 times (OR;95% CI, p<0.007) less likely to use drugstores than physically inactive participants, and the frequency of health care use was lower. In addition, physically minimal active participants were 0.64 times (OR;95% CI, p<0.001) less likely to use inpatient health care than physically inactive participants; the frequency of other health care facilities was lower. In conclusion, the relationship between being physically active and lower health care utilization among Korean elderly identified in this study. This suggests that being physically active is helpful to the elderly, not only in health promotion and improving quality of life, but also in reduced medical expenditure.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.467-476
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• 2010

Object : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of atherosclerosis risk factors and pulse wave velocity (PWV) of carotid-femoral artery with Sasang constitution. This study also aimed to investigate the relationship between PWV and risk factors of atherosclerosis, including serum cholesterol and homosisteine, hs-CRP. Methods : We enrolled 160 patients without experience strokes who visited our hospital for a medical examination from January 1, 2008 to April 30, 2010 except patients whose body constitutions were undetermined according to QSCCII. We investigated the correlation between serum cholesterol values, blood pressure, body mass index(BMI), homosistein, hs-CRP and PWV. Pearson's correlation and partial correlation analysis were applied to examine the relationship between PWV and risk factors of atherosclerosis. Result : Among the 160 subjects, 54 were Taeumin, 54 were Soyangin, and 52 were Soeumin. The prevalences of high BMI (P-value <0.01), high hs-CRP(P-value <0.05), and high PWV(P-value <0.05) of Taeumin were higher than those of the other constitutions. PWV of carotid-femoral artery was significantly different among the three constitutional groups(Taeumin: $8.12{\pm}1.64m/sec$, Soyangin: $7.48{\pm}1.16m/sec$, Soeumin: $7.49{\pm}1.12m/sec$)(P-value <0.05). This research has show a statistical significance between the average amount of carotid-femoral artery PWV that is higher in Taeumin. Age factor of Taeumin was the effective determinant of the increase of mean PWV of carotid-femoral arteries. Conclusions : There were significant differences in the prevalence of atherosclerosis according to Sasang constitution. This study showed that atherosclerosis was more prevalent in Taeumin. Therefore, according to our results, risk of atherosclerosis was higher in Taeumin than among other constitutions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.284-291
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• 2013

The importance of ultrasound examination in the field of medical imaging has been emphasized and the interest in sonographic image evaluation is growing. However image evaluations by the non-standardized criteria and methods, so establishment of legal provisions and objective evaluation criteria are needed. In this study, we used SNR to find out more quantitative way and supplement the limitations of the existing phantom image evaluation. The results of acquired 8 images using ATS-539 multipurpose phantom were compared in SNR of sensitivity and gray-scale dynamic range. In the result of the experiment, excellent equipment of existing phantom images are G1, S1 and G2 in regular sequence. In SNR of sensitivity, G1, S1 and G2 and in SNR of gray-scale dynamic range, S1 G1 and G2 in order. In the conclusion, all the experiment results did not show big difference and regular pattern neither. Therefore, the new evaluation measures should be used with the existing phantom image evaluation method for more objective and quantitative evaluation of the ultrasound imaging device.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.98-105
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• 1977

A 36 year old blindman, engineer was admitted with chief complaints of hemoptysis, recurrent sore throat, pyoderma in genital organ, uveitis and thrombophlebitis for 10 years. Above the chief complaints were remission or exacerbation during hospitalization. Physicalexamination showed that left radial, ulnar & brachial pulse was not palpable. No bruit or murmur was obtained over the mass. Neurologic examination revealed no significant finding.On admission, chest P-A showed hen egg sized round & oval compact hazy density on left upper lung field. Bronchogram revealed no pathological finding and Lt. tomogram showed well define large,ovoid mass density in the superior mediastinum. Fluoroscopy finding showed nonpulsatile on left upper lung field. Pre-op. aortography was not taken, under the impression of lung Ca. rule out .sortie aneurysm, exploratory operation was performed through the 2nd intercostal space, Lt. It was performed that the mass was ascending sortie aneurysm of saccular type. Direct aneurysmectomy with multiple figure of eight suture were done without any prosthetic graft. Post-op. control I.V.C graphy showed completely obstruction sign. Postopcontrol aortography revealed good surgical result. Final, histopathological answered non-specific sortie aneurysm, saccular type. Post-op. courses were uneventful except mild neurologic disturbance with subclavian steal syndrome and associated with both lower leg pitting edema due to inferior vena cava obstruction. After op, 3 month later, discharged to home, with big systemic problem. Behcet`s syndrome reviewed with related literatures. The coexistence of mouth and genital ulceration with hypopyon mentioned by hippocrates and described by various workers in the early part of this century was first defined as a syndrome by Behcet in 1937. In 1937 Behcet described a chronic relapsing triple symptom complex of oral ulceration, genital ulceration, and ocular inflammation. The place of the syndrome as part of a systemic disorder in now clearer, and the under lying pathology appears to be a vasculitis. The disease runs a- chronic course, blindness being the greatest disability and control nervous system involvement a cause of death. Thrombophlebitis is fairly frequent, france et al [1951] giving an incidence of 25% and Dowling [1961] 12%, superficial thrombophlebitis migrans and thrombosis of large veins, including venae cavae [Thomas, 1947: Boolukos 1960] are recorded. Little attention has been paid to arterial involvement. Mishima et al. [1961] described resection cf an aortic aneurysm in a 38 year old man with Behcet`s syndorme. Mounsey in a clinicopathological conference described a case [Brit, med. J., 1966] of ruptured aortic aneurysm in Bechcet`s syndrome treated by aorto-iliac graft. Also, Shikano and Oshima et al [1963] recorded two aneyrysm of smaller arteries. Unfrequently, aortic aneurysm was presumed to be secondary to osteomyelitis of the lumber spine, though the possible association between aortic aneurysm and Behcet`s syndrome was raised. A further case is reported here, in which ascending aortic aneurysm with Behcet`s Ds. appeared to form part of this generalized disease. This is a case report of surgical experience of Behcet`s Ds. with ascending aortic aneurysm which had nearly all the typical clinical features. Above mentioned and was reviewed with related literatures.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.41
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• pp.19.1-19.6
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• 2019

Background: The submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is a type of cleft palate that may result in velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Palate muscles completely separate oral and nasal cavities by closing off the velopharynx during functional processes such as speech or swallow. Also, hypernasality may arise from anatomical or neurological abnormalities in these functions. Treatments of this issue involve a combination of surgical intervention, speech aid, and speech therapy. This case report demonstrates successfully treated VPI resulted from SMCP without any surgical intervention but solely with speech aid appliance and speech therapy. Case presentation: A 13-year-old female patient with a speech disorder from velopharyngeal insufficiency that was caused by a submucous cleft palate visited to our OMFS clinic. In the intraoral examination, the patient had a short soft palate and bifid uvula. And the muscles in the palate did not contract properly during oral speech. She had no surgical history such as primary palatoplasty or pharyngoplasty except for tonsillectomy. And there were no other medical histories. Objective speech assessment using nasometer was performed. We diagnosed that the patient had a SMCP. The patient has shown a decrease in speech intelligibility, which resulted from hypernasality. We decided to treat the patient with speech aid (palatal lift) along with speech therapy. During the 7-month treatment, hypernasality measured by a nasometer decreased and speech intelligibility became normal. Conclusions: Surgery remains the first treatment option for patients with velopharyngeal insufficiencies from submucous cleft palates. However, there were few reports about objective speech evaluation pre- or post-operation. Moreover, there has been no report of non-surgical treatment in the recent studies. From this perspective, this report of objective improvement of speech intelligibility of VPI patient with SMCP by non-surgical treatment has a significant meaning. Speech aid can be considered as one of treatment options for management of SMCP.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.525-536
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• 2014

Although tobacco use has been known as one of the biggest risk factors on periodontal health, little is known about the effect of smoking cessation on it. The aim of this study was to investigate the change of concentration of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9 and interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of 11 quit-smokers for 1 year after smoking cessation. Eleven male subjects to maintain quit-smoking for 1 year participated the oral examination, GCF and saliva collection without periodontal treatments at baseline, after 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months and 1 year. To confirm quit-smoking, nicotine and cotinine concentrations in saliva were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. MMP-8, MMP-9 and IL-$1{\beta}$ concentrations in GCF of upper anterior teeth area were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Change of MMP-8 in GCF during smoking cessation showed fluctuation with decrease (5 subjects) or increase (2 subjects) or maintenance tendency (4 subjects). Changes of MMP-9 were decrease (6 subjects), or increase (2 subjects), or maintenance (3 subjects). Change of IL-$1{\beta}$ also showed fluctuation with decrease (5 subjects) or increase (3 subjects) or maintenance tendency (3 subjects). The subjects with increase tendency had the relatively smaller amount concentration of MMP-8 and MMP-9 at the baseline. It was unclear smoking cessation without periodontal treatment could affect MMP-8, MMP-9, and IL-$1{\beta}$ in GCF. Fluctuation of periodontal biomarkers during smoking cessation might result from feedback interaction between environmental factors and periodontal cells.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2000

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been reported to be associated with a variety of medical and surgical conditions, including All-trans-retinoic acid (ATTA). ATRA is very efficaceous drug to acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). This drug can induce complete remission at APL without fatal risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation. But ATRA treatment, sometimes, produces the symptoms of fever, weight gain and acute respiratory distress, renal function impairment. The causes of these symptoms are not fully proved, but supposed as the result of leukostasis and capillary leak syndrome from excessive leukocyte differentiation and cytokines release. Recently, we experienced a 24-year-old woman who complained gum bleeding for 6 days. At bone marrow biopsy, she was diagnosed as APL. 2 days after ATRA treatment, she was suffered from the symptoms of dyspnea and general ache. At laboratory examination, total leukocyte count was 50,400/$mm^3$, $PaO_2$ was 42.5 mm Hg and chest PA revealed the findings compatible with ARDS. Treatment with low dose ara-C, corticosteroid and general supportive cares were tried. Within 3 days after treatment, the patient recovered from ARDS by evidence of arterial blood gas study and chest radiographs. She has acquired complete remission of APL with maintenance of A TRA. And so, we present this case with a review of related literatures.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4353-4356
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• 2016

Purpose: To study the prevalence of CIN2+ diagnosis in women with atypical Papaniculoau (Pap) smears to suggest appropriate management option for Thai health care. Materials and Methods: Data from all patients with liquid based cytology with human papillomavirus (HPV) testing between May 2013 - May 2016 were collected from medical records. Women with atypical cervical Pap smears were recruited. Results for age, HPV testing, HPV 16, 18, 45 and other genotypes tested, colposcopic examination and histopathological assessment were all collected. Atypical smears were defined as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and atypical squamous cells cannot be exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H). Results: A total of 2,144 cases were recruited. Twenty six women with ASC-US on cytology had high risk (HR) HPV detection while eight cases with ASC-H had HR-HPV (40.0% VS 72.7%, p=0.005). Among the 26 women with ASC-US cytology and positive HR-HPV, HPV type 16 (n=8, 30.8%), type 18 (n=1, 3.8%), type 45 (n=1, 3.8%) and other HPV types (n=17, 65.4%) were found. Eight women with ASC-H and positive HR-HPV demonstrated type 16 (n=6, 75%) and other HPV types (n=2, 25%). Fifty seven women with ASC-US had normal colposcopy, CIN1 and CIN2+ at percentages of 80.7 (46/57), 14.0 (8/57) and 5.3 (3/57), respectively. In the ASC-H group, 7 out of 10 women had normal colposcopy and three (30%) had CIN2+ results. Conclusions: In women with ASC-US cytology, immediate colposcopy is highly recommended. HPV testing can be performed if colposcopy is not an available option because there was high prevalence (5.3%) of CIN2+ in our findings. ASCCP recommendations for ASC-H that colposcopy should be performed on all ASC-H cases regardless of HPV result are thereby supported by the findings of this investigation.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.2-8
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to implement a software to visualize tumor and its surrounding fiber tracts simultaneously using diffusion tensor imaging and examine the feasibility of our software for investigating the influence of tumor on its surrounding fiber connectivity. Material and Methods : MR examination including T1-weigted and diffusion tensor images of a patient with brain tumor was performed on a 3.0 T MRI unit. We used the skull-striped brain and segmented tumor images for volume/surface rendering and anatomical information from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Diffusion tensor images for the white matter fiber-tractography were acquired using a SE-EPI with a diffusion scheme of 25 directions. Fiber-tractography was performed using the streamline and tensorline methods. To correct a spatial mismatch between T1-weighted and diffusion tensor images, they were coregistered using a SPM. Our software was implemented under window-based PC system. Results : We successfully implemented the integrated visualization of the fiber tracts with tube-like surfaces, cortical surface and the tumor with volume/surface renderings in a patient with brain tumor. Conclusion : Our result showed the feasibility of the integrated visualization of brain tumor and its surrounding fiber tracts. In addition, our implementation for integrated visualization can be utilized to navigate the brain for the quantitative analysis of fractional anisotropy to assess changes in the white matter tract integrity of edematic and peri-edematic regions in a number of tumor patients.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 2003

In Korean traditional medicine, there are 4 major diagnoses. They are 'Mang (Watching)', 'Mun (Listening)', 'Mun (Asking)', and 'Jeul (Touching)'. These ways are closely related to each other. Among the four, 'Jeul' is the most famous one because it is the final way of checking the pulse for the cure. Pulse checking has been used as an essential way of diagnosis, but there are some difficulties in doing so in the business matter. To overcome these problems the theories should be studied profoundly and heterogeneously. More importantly, these endeavors must be pursued on the basis that pulse-checking must be. done along with other diagnostic ways to diagnose more precisely and practically. Therefore, I want to study and analyze the pragmatic ways to help the business field. Wang Suk-Hua(王叔和) arranged the methods and theories of 'pulse-checking' that was used before Nea-kyung. The book is called Maek-kyung. But this is too complicated to use in the field. As a result Maek-kyul(脈訣) which is made of songs that help to memorize and practice was gain more popularity than the ${\lceil}$Maekkyung(脈經)${\rfloor}$ itself. But the songs are so simple and compact that the offsprings annotated this book again and made books consist of these annotations. Among these books ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$(1349) which was written in Won(元) dynasty was imported to Cho-sun(Korea) and used as the most important book on pulse-checking. So I will study ${\lceil}$Maekkyul(脈訣)${\rfloor}$ which contains the essence of ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$. And I will also study ${\lceil}$Dojumaekkyul(圖註脈訣)${\rfloor}$ and ${\lceil}$Maekkyulyouhae(脈結乳解)${\rfloor}$ as conference. The former, written by Jang-sae-hyun(張世賢), contains narrative paintings and prescriptions according to pulses. And the latter, written by Wang Bang-bu(王邦傅), contains criticism of earlies annotations along with his own theory. ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$ was chosen as a text book of medical examination according to ${\lceil}$Kyungkukdaejun(經國大典)${\rfloor}$ and had been used during Cho-sun, dynasty after closely corrected by Heo Jun(許浚). It means, during Cho-sun Dynasty, everyone who wants to become doctor had studied pulse-checking through this book, and also means Cho-sun medicine emphasizes practicality. This book and the pulse-checking part of ${\lceil}$Dongeibogam(東醫寶鑑)${\rfloor}$, which published later, made the main frame of pulse-checking during Cho'sun Dynasty. As above, studing ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$ which was major textbook of pulse-checking in Cho-sun, helps to study pulse checking itself as an important way of diagnosis in Korean traditional medicine. And more than that it helps us to understand. the. practical development of pulse-checking dyring Cho-sun dynasty. With these reasons I studied ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$ conferring ${\lceil}$Dojumaekkyul(圖註脈訣)${\rfloor}$ and ${\lceil}$Maekkyulyouhae(脈結乳解)${\rfloor}$ to understand ${\lceil}$Maekyung(脈經)${\rfloor}$ which is practical book of pulse-checking. During so I got some achievements and I report it as. follows.