• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2023

Garlic is one of the major seasoned vegetables in Korea along with peppers and onions. Although it is a major cash crop, the aging population of farmers and rising labor and production costs are cited as the reasons for the decreasing production. Accordingly, it is necessary to introduce and spread garlic cultivation mechanization technology to reduce the input labor demand. In this study, conducted a field demonstration in Jeollanam-do using garlic harvesting machinery. In addition, it was intended to improve the mechanization rate of garlic harvesting by deriving factors that can apply to garlic harvesting machines in Jeollanam-do and investigating regional adaptability. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the harvesting performance of the garlic harvester and garlic collector in Jeollanam-do met the agricultural machine test standards. In addition, as a result of calculating the input effect of the mechanized work system compared to the conventional garlic harvesting work system, it was found that there was a labor-saving effect of 96.02%.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2024

Domestic rice is more expensive than imported products, so it is necessary to reduce production costs to secure competitiveness. Low-density planting developed in Japan is a cultivation technology that reduces labor and production costs without yield loss. The area of low-density cultivation is continuously increasing. However, research on how rice transplanters adapt to low-density planting has not been conducted. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the optimal working conditions of a rice transplanter for low-density planting. Three types of rice transplanters were used and treated based on 3 conveying distance levels. The number of picked seedlings, pick missing rate, the number of planted seedlings, and the mis-planted rate were investigated to evaluate planting accuracy according to the transfer distance to the seedling tray. The results showed that the number of planted seedlings was 4.31~4.95 EA with an L1 seedling tray transfer distance (horizontal 9 mm, vertical 8 mm), but the mis-planted rate was higher than in other conditions. At L2 (horizontal 9 mm, vertical 10 mm) and L3 (horizontal 11 mm, vertical 8 mm) transfer distance conditions, the number of planted seedlings were 4.89-5.68 EA and 4.69-5.66 EA, respectively, with a low mis-planted rate of less than 3%. The results showed that if the transfer distance is adjusted properly, a rice transplanter can be used for low-density planting with high planting accuracy.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.453-462
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• 1999

At the time of discontinuing the publishing of RDA Journal of Farm management and agricultural engineering the present paper is to review the research results produced since 1962 to 1998. During the three decades, from 1960s to 1980s, the main research efforts were focused o mechanization of rice farming which contributed in food grain productions. In the 1990s, the research direction was shifted to horticultural productions and producing high quality agricultural products. We had put stress on practical use of farm mechanization, mainly on transplanting and seeding operation for rice and upland and horticultural crops productions and harvest and threshing machinery developments, in which we thought our research direction had not been quite right. However, in the future we are going to promote mechanization on livestock and upland crops productions. Furthermore, we have a plan to employ cutting edge technologies in agricultural machinery developments in order to automate and unman all farm operations satisfying the needs of advanced agricultural mechanization technology in the twenty first century.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2000

It is very difficult to mechanize tomato harvesting because identifying a target tomato which is partly covered by leaves and stalks is not easy. This research was conducted to develop tomato harvesting robot which can identifying a target tomato, determining its dimensional position, and harvesting it in a limited time. Followings were major findings in this study. The first visual system of the robot was composed of two CCD cameras, however, which could not detect tomato not placed on the center of lens and partly covered by leaves or stalks. Secondary visual device, combined with two cameras and pan tilting was designed which could decreased the positioning errors within $\pm$10mm but still not enough for covered tomato by any obstacles. Finally, laser detector was added to the visual system that could reduce the position detecting errors within 10mm in X-Y direction and 5mm in Z direction for the covered tomatoes.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2002

이 연구는 채소의 생산에서 가장 많은 노동력이 소요되고 단순ㆍ반복적인 결속작업의 기계화기술을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 논문은 이 연구의 제1보로서 채소의 결속작업실태를 조사분석하여 결속기의 개발방향을 설정하고, 채소의 이송 및 결속끈의 공급장치를 개발한 결과를 수록한 것이다. 채소의 결속작업은 철심이 내장된 끈을 사용하여 타원형으로 결속하고 있었으며, 작업자가 경험적으로 계량하여 결속된 단의 크기는 작물별 차이는 있으나 동일 작물에서 작업자간 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 결속기는 작업자가 채소를 공급하면 일정 길이의 결속끈을 사용하여 타원형으로 결속하여 배출하는 방식으로 개발한 필요성이 있다고 생각된다. 이를 위해서 결속기는 작업자가 채소를 용이하게 공급할 수 있으며 결속장치까지 흐트러짐이 없이 이송하는 채소의 이송장치, 결속끈의 길이를 조절하여 공급하는 결속끈의 공급장치, 이송된 채소를 결속끈을 꼬아서 타원형으로 결속하는 결속장치 등으로 구성되어야 할 것이다. 채소의 이송장치는 작업자가 채소의 일정량을 용이하게 공급할 수 있도록 폭의 조절이 가능한 트레이를 체인콘베이어에 부착한 구조, 결속끈의 공급장치는 압축력이 걸려 있는 우레탄 재질의 구동 및 종동롤러로 원하는 길이의 결속끈을 피딩하면 칼날로 절단하는 구조로 개발하였다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2023

Fresh corn, one of the main food crops, must be harvested by hand. A harvest mechanization technology is required. In this study, a tractor-attached harvester was designed and manufactured to sequentially perform stem reaping, fresh corn detaching, and collecting. The(harvester was designed so that the main device could operate through a hydraulic pump and a generator could be operated through the tractor's PTO. Factor tests were conducted according to cultivars (Ilmichal, Super sweet corn) and working speed (0.12 m/s, 0.17, 0.22). After the factor test, detached corns ratio, collected corns ratio, and damaged corns ratio were analyzed and harvest performance was evaluated. Harvesting performance was good for super sweet corn. Considering operation efficiency, 0.22 m/s was judged to be an appropriate working speed. It was found that it took two hours to work an area of 10 a.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2008

The study was focused on setting priority for future core technologies in agricultural mechanization using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). A total of 23 technologies was selected by specialists. Evaluation criteria for the priority setting were decided as 'technology', 'marketability', and 'publicity'. Thirteen specialists in agricultural mechanization answered the questionnaire for AHP. As the results, 'technology' was decided as the most important evaluation criterion. 'feasibility' in 'technology' criterion, 'market growth' in 'marketability' criterion, and 'impact to other industry' in 'publicity' criterion were decided as sub-criteria in each criterion. The most important technology was 'Development of portable safety evaluation system for fresh and convenient agricultural products'.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.446-459
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• 2000

This study was carried out in order to find out an effective machinery utilization strategy by conducting a survey on utilization and maintenance of agricultural machinery. The survey showed that the no. of utilization hours for power tiller in a year was 190.2hrs, 208.6hrs for tractor, 59.1hrs for rice transplanter, 74.0 hrs for combine, 44.6 cultivator and 254.4hrs for 4.4hrs for grain dryer. The period covered the time the machine was until it became unserviceable. The results are as follows: 10.0yrs for power tiller, 7.5yrs for tractor, 7.4yrs for rice transplanter and 5.4yrs for combine. This indicate that the actual period of use for power tiller and rice transplanter was longer than the expected period of duration years so there is a need for adjustment. The factors considered by the farmers for purchasing agricultural machine were: farm size(32%), machine operation (26.0%), performance(l4.0%) and post or after sales service(12.6%), according to the survey. It showed that repair cost rate in a year was classified into major agricultural machine; 4.8% for combine; 3.9% for tractor; 3.5% for rice transplanter; 2.0% for power tiller; 1.6% for grain dryer; and 1.2% for cultivator. The reasons for poor maintenance were insufficient after sales service(25%) and difficulty in buying parts(75%) because of the unavailability of parts in local shops(55%), imported models(30%) and outmoded model(15%).

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.129-138
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• 1993

The shortage of agricultural labour due to industrial growth has greatly induced the mechanization in Korean agriculture. However small and scattered land holdings have been the main constraints in the process of mechanization. This paper describes the interrelationships of farm land structure, machinery selection and machinery operation areas. The sandy silt loam irrigated paddy land having single crop a year was selected as a target areas for this study. Machine operation cost is greatly influenced by operation period, plot geometry and operation area. On the improved geometry plots, optimal machine size increases slowly with increase in operation area. Operable area increases due to increased effective machine capacity on better geometry plot. The difference between the effects of operation period and plot geometry is that in the former case, the cost reduction is caused by delay in increase of machine size, whereas in the latter case timeliness cost is reduced by increase ffective capacity. The effect of farmland consolidation is greater on small plots than that on big plots. Increasing wage rates have induced the adoption of more labor saving machinery. Bigger labor saving machines require enlargement of operation area and larger plots through improvement in farm land structure. Machine cost on poor plot geometry increases more rapidly than that on the good plot geometry and as operation area increases machine cost reduces significantly. It is concluded that the development of agricultural mechanization ion Korea will depend on the improvement in farm land structure and enlargement of operation area.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.571-578
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• 2001

Production of green pepper has increased for ten years in Korea, as customer's preference of a pepper tuned to fiesta one. This study was conducted to develop an on-line fading algorithm of green pepper using machine vision and aimed to develop the automatic on-line grading and sorting system. The machine vision system was composed of a professive scan R7B CCD camera, a frame grabber and sets of 3-wave fluorescent lamps. The length and curvature, which were main quality factors of a green pepper were measured while removing the stem region. The first derivative of the thickness profile was used to remove the stem area of the segmented image of the pepper. A new boundary was generated after the stem was removed and a baseline of a pepper which was used for the curvature determination was also generated. The developed algorithm showed that the accuracy of the size measurement was 86.6% and the accuracy of the bent was 91.9%. Processing time spent far grading was around 0.17 sec per pepper.