• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.210-213
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• 2016

A 9-year-old, mixed-breed, castrated male dog presented with a one-week history of severe vomiting. Abdominal radiography showed a dilated small intestine loop. Abdominal ultrasonography showed small-intestine distension up to 5 cm in diameter without mechanical obstruction. During exploratory laparotomy, an aperistaltic ileal segment was resected. There was no narrowed cavity in the resected plane. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings confirmed visceral myopathy due to intestinal adenocarcinoma in the ileum and revealed partial destruction of the longitudinal and circular muscles with fibrosis. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction caused by adenocarcinoma was diagnosed after considering the above investigative results.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.20-29
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• 2003

A new treatment for coronary artery occlusive disease is being developed in which a shunt or conduit is placed directly connecting the left ventricle with the diseased artery at a point distal to the obstruction. To aid in assessing and optimizing its benefit, a computational model of the cardiovascular system was developed and used to explore various design conditions. Simulation results indicate that in complete LAD occlusion, flow can be returned to approximately 65% of normal if the conduit resistance is equal for forward and reverse flow, increasing to 80% in the limit in which backflow resistance is infinite. Increases in flow rate produced by asymmetric flow resistance are considerably enhanced in the case of a partial LAD obstruction since the primary effect of resistance asymmetry is to prevent leakage back into the ventricle("steal") during diastole. Increased arterial compliance has little effect on net flow with a symmetric shunt, but leads to considerable augmentation when the resistance is asymmetric. These results suggest that an LV-LAD conduit will be beneficial when stenosis resistance(Rst) > 27 PRU if resistance is symmetric.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.42-52
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• 1999

An effectiveness of thermal utilization of a dousing system in the 600 MW PHWR Nuclear Power Plant has been evaluated. The behavior and conditions of water droplet sprayed in a postulated accident conditions in containment configuration has been calculated. In this calculation, two pressure conditions with the consideration of obstruction area and containment wall effect has been established : one being the minimum containment pressure of 7 kPa(g) encountered for dousing shut off and the other being the containment design pressure 124 kPa(g). The results revealed that the effectiveness of the thermal utilization ranges from 93% to 97%. In the analysis on two cases without/with side wall effect in the containment building, the thermal utilization decreases with obstruction area from 89% to 85%, which satisfies the design criteria set for the containment pressure against the accident condition.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 1990

Mechanical obstruction of the common hepatic duct includes the following causes ; choledocholithiasis, sclerosis, cholangitis, pancreatic carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, postoperative stricture, primary hepatic duct carcinoma, enlarged cystic duct lymph nodes, and metastatic nodal involvement of the porta hepatis. Partial mechanical obstruction of the common hepatic duct caused by impaction of stones and inflammation surrounding the vicinity of the neck of the gallbladder had been reported on the "syndrome del conducto hepatico" in 1948 by Mirizzi. Nowadays, this disease was named by Mirizzi syndrome. Mirizzi syndrome is a rare entity of common hepatic duct obstruction that results from an inflammatory response secondary to a gallstone impacted in the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder. It results from an almost parallel course and low insertion of the cystic duct into the common hepatic duct. In a varient of Mirizzi's syndrome, the cause of the common hepatic duct obstruction was a primary cystic duct carcinoma rather than gallstone disease. A 71-year-old man was admitted with a four-day history of right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Past medical history was unremarkable. On physical examination, the patient had a temperature of $38^{\circ}C$, icteric sclera and right upper quadrant tenderness. Pertinent laboratory findings included WBC 18,000/$cm^2$;albumin 2.6g/dl(normal 3.9-5.1) ; SGOT 183u/L(normal 0-50) ; SGPT167u/L(normal 0-65) ; bilirubin, 8.2mg/dl(normal 0-1) with the direct bilirubin, 4.4mg/dl(normal 0-0.4). Ultrasonography revealed a dilated extrahepatic biliary tree. ERCP showed that the superior margin was angular and more consistent with a calculus causing partial CHD obstruction(Mirizzi syndrome). At surgery a diseased gallbladder containing calculi was found. In addition, there was two calculi partially eroding through the proximal portion of the cystic duct and compressing the common hepatic duct. A cholecystectomy and excision of common bile duct was performed, with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. The postoperative course was uneventful.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1997

Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract in neonatal period has been associated with a grim prognosis. Recently there has been some improvement in survival. To evaluate the remaining pitfalls in management, 19 neonatal gastrointestinal perforation cases from May 1989 to July 1996 were analysed retrospectively. Seven patients were premature and low birth weight infants. Perforation was most common in the ileum(56.3%). Mechanical or functional obstruction distal to the perforation site was identified in 7 cases; Hirschsprung's disease 3, small bowel atresia 3, and anorectal malformation 1. These lesions were often not diagnosed until operation. Five cases of necrotizing enterocolitis and 1 of muscular defect were the other causes of perforation. In six cases, the cause of the perforation was not identified. Perinatal ischemic episodes were associated in five cases. Overall mortality was 15.1%. Because a considerable number of gastrointestinal perforations resulted from distal obstruction, pediatric surgeon should be alert for early identification and intervention of gastrointestinal obstruction, particularly in patients that are premature and have a history of ischemia.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1158-1168
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• 2005

A shunt from the left ventricle to the left anterior descending artery is being developed for coronary artery occlusive disease, in which the shunt or conduit connects the the left ventricle (LV) with the diseased artery directly at a point distal to the obstruction. To aid in assessing and optimizing its benefit, a computational model of the cardiovascular system was developed and used to explore various design conditions. Computational fluid dynamic analysis for the shunt hemodynamics was also done using a commercial finite element package. Simulation results indicate that in complete left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion, flow can be returned to approximately 65% of normal, if the conduit resistance is equal for forward and reverse flow. The net coronary flow can increase to 80% when the backflow resistance is infinite. The increases in flow rate produced by asymmetric flow resistance are enhanced considerably for a partial LAD obstruction, since the primary effect of resistance asymmetry is to prevent leakage back into the ventricle during diastole. Increased arterial compliance has little effect on net flow with a symmetric shunt, but considerably augments it when the resistance is asymmetric. The computational results suggest that an LV-LAD conduit will be beneficial when the resistance due to artery stenosis exceeds 27 PRU, if the resistance is symmetric. Fluid dynamic simulations for the shunt flow show that a recirculating region generated near the junction of the coronary artery with the bypass shunt. The secondary flow is induced at the cutting plane perpendicular to the axis direction and it is in the attenuated of coronary artery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.960-969
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• 1989

Results of St. Jude Medical valve replacement are presented in 171 patients who underwent operation from January 1983 through June 1989. The patients were 79 males and 92 females with ages ranging from 12 to 71 years. Total 211 of St. Jude Medical valves were implanted: 148 in mitral position, 57 in aortic position, 6 in tricuspid position. The follow-up was from 2 to 76 months with a cumulative period of 375 patient-year. The actuarial survival at 1 year, 3 year and 5 year were 92.1 %, 87.6 % and 86.3% respectively. The linearlized incidences of valve failure, thromboembolism, thrombotic obstruction, anticoagulation related hemorrhage and all valve related complication were as follows: 0.5 %/pt-yr, 0.5 %/pt-yr, 0.5 %/pt-yr, 1.1 %/pt-yr, and 2.4 %/pt-yr, respectively. The performance of the St. Jude Medical valve compares most favorably with other artificial valves. But it remains still hazards of mechanical prostheses such as thromboembolism and thrombotic obstruction.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1987

Congenital origin intestinal obstruction are important disease due to required emergency operation. So accurate and rapid diagnosis is needed for decreased mortality and morbidity. Radiologist must detect to accurate obstruction site and also associated other congenital anomalies. And also embriological bases are very important role to the diagnosis of theses diseases. We were analysed radiologically and clinically 25 cases with congenital origin intestinal obstruction with review of literature. 1. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis 6 cases, midgut malrotation 4 cases, congenital megacolon 8 case, imperforated anus 5 cases, ileal atresia 1 case and duodenal atresia 1 case. 2. Male and female radio were 16:9. Especially on hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, 5 cases were male infants. 3. All cases of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis represented string sign and also pyloric beak sign shoulder sign on UGI. 4. I case duodenal atresia showed double bubble sign on simple abdomen x-ray and ileal atresia showed mechanical small bowel obstruction sign with microcolon. 5. On midgut malrotation, cecum was located in right upper abdomen on 4 cases. And 2 cases were associated with Ladd's band. I case with volvulus and 1 case with mesenteric defect. 6. Involved site of all congenital megacolon were localized to rectosigmoid colon. 7. On 5 cases imperforated anus, 3 cases were low type and 2 case high type. Rectoperineal and rectourogenital fistula were demonstrated on 4 cases.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.238-242
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• 2014

Here we described 2 cancer patients treated by acupuncture for abdominal pain as a complication of bowel obstruction. The patient 1, 43-year-old man was treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy for rectal cancer. Two years after surgery, he complained of acute abdominal pain due to small bowel adhesion band. Bowel obstruction and symptoms were not improved by conservative therapy like as fasting, keeping Levin tube, and fluid therapy. 4 months later, he could eat a little rice water, but ileus and abdominal pain persisted despite of applying opiod drug and patch. Got started on acupuncture, electroacupuncture(ST-36) and moxa treatment, pain was relived gradually. He could stop opioids 1 month later and ileus was improved after acupuncture therapy for 2 months. The patient 2, 65-year-old woman got hepatectomy, cholecystectomy, and chemotherapy with cholangiocarcinoma. 6 months after surgery, she got laparotomy again for biopsy of new mass around ascending colon. She started eating after gas passing, but felt abdominal distension. Diffuse paralytic ileus was diagnosed by abdominal X-ray, and she got started conservative therapy. During ST-36 electroacupuncture therapy, symptoms like abdominal pain and distension were improved and could stop opiod patch. But eating aggravated ileus again and clinical finding of mechanical bowel obstruction was appeared. Based on these cases, acupuncture and moxa therapy could be helpful for improving abdominal pain and ileus, but possibility of malignant bowel obstruction should be considered especially in cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.42-49
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• 1994

One of the parameters that influence the productivity of every industry, involved in metal cutting, is the chip from ; continuous or broken chip. Chip form varies according to machining conditions, material used, tool geometry and chip breaker geometry. Therefore, in this study we carried out the experiment on the chip control in machining STS304 using an attached obstruction type chip breaker. Namely, with the change of a chip breaker distance, chip breaker angle, cutting characteristics in machining STS304 which is well-known as a machining difficult material and produces a saw-toothed chip. The results of the experiment are as follows : 1. The chip breaker distance and angle under which the preferred chip is produced, show 1.5mm and 60 .deg. , while chip breaker angle in machining an ordinary steel was well-known 45 .deg. . 2. During the cutting process, the change of feed than the change of velocity was applied as cutting conditions, effects more clearly on the chip breaking. 3. Considering a whole surface roughness, it is not advisable to apply chip breaker mentioned above for precision cutting.