• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권7호
• /
• pp.569-574
• /
• 2014

In order to investigate low frequency swishing noise of wind turbines, acoustic source model using a singularity in circular motion is introduced to derive analytic solution of Lowson acoustic analogy in time domain. Results in time and frequency domains computed by the solution show apparent modulation of amplitude and frequency. The solution indicates that time histories of acoustic pressure at receiver points varied significantly according to receiver's directional location, even when the retarded time distributions are similar. However, the corresponding time-averaged spectra of sound pressure at the receiver locations where the retarded time distributions are almost same are not significantly different. It can be inferred from these results that the time-averaged sound pressure spectra which cannot take into account the detailed difference in the time-variation of wind turbine noise may not represent the sound quality of wind turbines due to its swishing. Finally, as an introduction of procedure to quantify low frequency swishing noise level, relative variation of overall sound pressure level is obtained using tonal low frequency noise model.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제22권12호
• /
• pp.1172-1183
• /
• 2012

Aure's tonality was considered as the sound metrics for the expression of the tonality of gear whine sound in a previous research. It was failed to use the Aure's tonality as a sound metric for the tonal impression. Thus Aures's tonality, was developed for tonal impression in previous research. However, this metric did not express well the tonality of gear whine sound since the whine sound is a non-stationary signal with frequency modulation and amplitude modulation. In this study, the new method for the tonality evaluation for a non-stationary signal is presented. It is developed based on the prominence ratio, tonality impression function, and lower threshold level. It improves the accuracy and reliability of the sound quality index being used for the sound quality evaluation of the axle-gear whine sound.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2004

An experimental study was carried out to characterize the spray atomization process of micro-machined port fuel injectors with a piezoelectric atomization device, which can generate pressure pulsations through vibration of a piezoelectric transducer. In this study, several types of micro-machined arrays such as 30∼200-microns of hole arrays were tested. Both a dual-stream and a central-port injectors with micro-machined arrays were tested and compared with normal port fuel injectors. The spray visualization was conducted to characterize overall spray structure and phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) system was used to quantify the droplet size and velocity. In addition, the pressure history was recorded by using digitized signal from pressure transducer. The results showed that modulation is effective to the spray atomization for tested injectors and atomization performance depends on injector design factors, orifice sizes, and frequency and power of the modulator. A number of resonance frequencies of the modulator was modified by injector parameters and temperature. In addition, our results suggested that design of sufficient space among holes is critical to avoid droplet coalescence in the multi-hole micro-machined injectors.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.400-405
• /
• 2005

The diagnosis of mechanical load and of power transmission system failures is usually carried out through mechanical signals such as vibration signals, acoustic emissions, motor speed envelope. If the mechanical load comes from an electrical machine the mechanical failures could be detected previously. Mechanical rotor imbalances and rotor eccentricities are reflected in electric, electromagnetic and mechanical quantities. Therefore, many surveillance schemes apply to the Fourier spectrum of a line current in order to monitor the motor condition. Due to the interaction of the currents and voltages, both these current harmonics are also reflected by a single harmonic component in the frequency spectrum of the electric power. Motor Current Signature Analysis is the usuful technique to assess machine electrical condition.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.251-257
• /
• 1998

Active mufflers have been mainly applied in the large industrial engine due to considerable expense for implementation, but a necessity of development has been increased by the tightened regulation of exhaust noise and the request of high power. In this study, the active muffler prototype for installing in an automobile is designed and constructed. The active muffler is designed so that the primary noise and the control sound are propagated as a plane wave in the outlet. Therefore, the error microphone could be placed outside the high temperature centers of the tail pipe, and the noise radiating to the outside could be reduced in the whole areas around the outlet. For evaluating the control performance of the prototype, the control experiments of band-pass filtered random signal and the modulation of sinusoidal signal which are generated from the primary noise speaker as practical exhaust sound level are implemented. And to investigate the radiation pattern from the outlet of tail pipe and the noise reduction level of points placed adjacent to the outlet, the sound level of adjacent points of thirty is measured.

• 한국생산제조학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.583-587
• /
• 2015

In this study, a half-duplex mutual communication device via human skin was developed. Frequency-shift keying (FSK) digital modulation and demodulation control were used to transmit and receive data. Data communication through the human body is an effective communication technique and has high-grade security characteristics. In addition, making contact is a natural instinct of humans. Transmitting data through the human body is currently a highly conspicuous technology, because recently a lot of commercial sensors for humans have been developed. A body area network (BAN) can be easily constructed by this communication method on human skin. In this study, a half-duplex FSK mutual communication device was developed using a commercial FSK modulator and demodulator. A special control switching circuit and communication sequence were developed for mutual communication through human skin.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.1682-1685
• /
• 2004

Gas Turbine combustors for power plant can be reduced NOx emissions using lean premixed combustion technology. But the combustors are likely to occur combustion oscillations which damage operation reliability and mechanical life of the gas turbines. In this paper, characterizations of oscillation in a gas turbine combustor for power plant are presented. Combustion dynamics occur $1{\sim}1.5$ psi in amplitude with low frequency less than 140Hz during normal operation. An abnormal high level dynamics, 2.0 psi amplitude occur at 125 Hz frequency. Abnormal combustion oscillation is reduced by modulation of fuel supply valve control schedule.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2006

Dielectrophoresis has received considerable attention for separating nanotubes according to electronic types. Here we examine the effects of surface conductivity of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), induced by ionic surfactants, on the sign of dielectrophoretic force. The crossover frequency of semiconducting SWNT increases rapidly as the conductivity ratio between the particle and medium increases, leading to an incomplete separation of ionic surfactant suspended SWNT at an electric field frequency of 10 MHz. The surface charge of SWNT is neutralized by an equimolar mixture of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cationic surfactant cetyltrimenthylammonium bromide (CTAB), resulting in negative dielectrophoresis of semiconducting species at 10 MHz. A comparative Raman spectroscopy study shows a nearly complete separation of metallic SWNT.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제23권7호
• /
• pp.893-900
• /
• 1999

Measuring temperature with ultrasonic wave apparatus is desirable in the cue of gas below $300^{\circ}$ because of the fact that the temperature of gas is the function of only sound velocity. In this study, being used a heatable wind channel and a blower. the variation of temperature is observed in accordance with flow rate(air velocity). The frequency modulation method is used to measure the temperature which is varying in hot air flow up to $100^{\circ}$. The length changed in the position of ultrasonic sensors is considered. Also. the effects of air velocity at the same temperature and various facing angles of ultrasonic sensors are considered. As a result of this study. it has been found that the temperature in gas flow is correctly measured regardless of both the distance of ultrasonic sensors and the variation of air velocity. and that there is just a little influence of facing angles.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
• /
• pp.1658-1660
• /
• 2000

Simple signs were usually exchanged as the means of underwater communications. As people recently, need more informations for underwater activities, necessities of underwater communication systems exchanging hunman voice are increased. The purpose of this paper is understanding the ordinary characteristics of underwater communication and investigating the necessary conditions for a good underwater communication system by making a basic communication module. The experiment is achieved by applying AM (Amplitude Modulation) which is mainly used for the underwater communication systems and using common ultrasonic transducers. Ultrasonic transducers usually have narrow bandwidth for transducing electrical energy to mechanical energy. For improvement of sound reconstruction, transducers need more bandwidth which covers voice's frequency range, and goof linearity characteristics in this frequency range. As underwater transmissions have many factors to distort signals. Amplitude Modulation is not a proper way for underwater communications. Using digital signal by sampling human voice should be a good way for this systems, because digital communication simplify transmitting signals.