• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.204-209
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• 1998

The acceleration of the performance of machine tools influences the development of the semi-conductor and optical technology as the development of NC and measurement technology. We can mention that a traction role of the acceleration for the development like that depends on the development of the measurement technics Stylus instrument method, STM, SEM, Laser interferometer method which are used for measuring the quasi-static error of machine tools. Because the measurement has been done to unload condition without considering of mechanical stiffness in the case of machining center as we measure the quasi-static error of machine tools on general studies, people who works on the spot has many problems on the data value. Therefor we will help working more accurately on the spot by measuring, analyzing, displaying the deflection of the table and support shaft when we load on the table and the support shaft of machining center using laser interferometer. Also we try to settle new conception of the measurement method and more accurate grasp of the deflection tendency by verifing the tendency of the error measured through the comparison of the simulated error using ANSYS, a common finite element analysis program, which is able to measure heat deformation, material deformation, and error resulted form this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.60-68
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• 1987

An optoelectronical method for in process monitoring of flank wear of cutting tools is presented. The method is based upon real-time vision technology in which the tool is illuminated by a beam of laser and then the image of wear zone is taken by a vidicon camera. The image is converted to a series of digital pixel data and processed through an algorithm specially developed for measurement of the wear land width. Detailed aspects of the prototype measurement system byilt for experiment are described, and test results are discussed. As conclusions, it is proved that the methods are effec- tive especially for-in situ application with a measuring accuracy of 0.01mm.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-62
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to systematically review the measurement tools that are used to assess the pain of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Method : In this systematic review, the studies published between 2009 and 2018 were selected based on the PRISMA flow chart. Data sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochran. We assessed the quality of pain assessment tools reported in individual studies using Terwee et al.'s the Quality Criteria for Measurement Properties. Results : We reviewed 67 studies and 12 pain assessment tools that included two self-reported, seven observational, and three multifaced tools with observations and physiological indicators. The most frequently used tool was the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool. The Multidimensional Observational Pain Assessment Tool was rated the highest quality. Nine of the ten tools that included observations reported content validity, four reported construct validity and nine reported correlation coefficient. Conclusion : It was found that observational tools are appropriate for assessing pain in ICU patients with limited communication skills. To increase the validity and reliability of pain assessment in ICU patients, further research on the physiological indicators of pain is needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.838-841
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• 2000

To improve the accuracy of products and improve the product quality, we need to enhance the machining accuracy of the machine tools. To this point of view, measurement and inspection of finished part as well as error analysis of machine tools has been studied for last several decades. OMM(On the Machine Measurement) has been issued to alternate with CMM, pointing out disadvantages of high expenses and lots of setting time in CMM. In this paper, we study 1) the spherical surface manufacturing by volumetric error compensation of machine tool, 2) the system development of OMM without detaching work piece from a bed of machine tool after working. 3) the generation of the finished part profile by On the machine measurement. Furthermore, the output of OMM is compared with that of CMM, and verified the feasibility of the measurement system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.986-991
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• 2004

For volumetric error measurement and calibration for machine tools, manufacturing machine or coordinate measuring machine (CMM), are studied using a Ball-bar artifact. A design of the Ball-bar is suggested manufactured by Invar, which is a low thermal expansion material, and precision steel balls. The uncertainty for the artifact method is discussed. A method of the Ball-bar artifact for obtaining 3-D position errors in CMM is proposed. The method of error vector measurement is shown using the Ball-bar artifact. Finally, the volumetric error is calculated from the error vectors and it can be used for Pitch error compensation in conventional NC machine and 3-D position Error map for calibration of NC machine tools.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.75-98
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics, validity, and reliability of non-radiological assessment tools of scoliosis that have been studied so far. Methods: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Science On, RISS, OASIS were searched by keywords including 'scoliosis assessment', 'scoliosis screening', 'physical examination', 'functional measurement', 'photography', and 'smartphone'. Results: 32 articles using radiation-free assessments were identified from 1,011 records. The mostly used non-radiological methods were Surface topography, Scoliometer, Ultrasound, Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging, and Photography. The other methods were Gait analysis, 3D depth sensor imaging, and Low intensity electromagnetic scan. Conclusions: It was found that non-radiological assessment tools might reduce the number of radiographs taken in scoliosis patients. To increase the reliability and validity, further research on the measurement tools of scoliosis will be needed.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.111-130
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and compare social capital measurement tools for the convenient use in public health studies. Method and result: This study examined and compared social capital tools developed individually by the World Bank, the OECD, the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Ireland, and Korea. A comprehensive framework was constructed with six conceptual dimensions and sixteen indices. The six dimensions included Membership, Network, Trust, Information and communication, Social and civic participation, and Social cohesion and exclusion, which connoted the structural, cognitive, bonding, bridging, operative, and output elements. The indices of each tool were respectively matched to the indices of the comprehensive framework. The comprehensive tools were Integrated Questionnaire for the Measurement of Social Capital (SC-IQ) of the World Bank with 27 questions and the European Social Survey (ESS) of the OECD with 80 questions. Conclusion: The SC-IQ should be utilized in public health studies due to its simplicity yet comprehensiveness as a social capital tool. The ESS should also be considered as a comprehensive tool.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.93-99
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• 1998

Although laser interferometer measurement system has advantages of measurement range and accuracy, it has some disadvantages when measurement of multi degrees of freedom of motion are required. Because the traditional error measurement methods for geometric errors (two straightness and three angular errors) of a slide of machine tools measures error components one at a time. It may also create an optical path difference and affect the measurement accuracy. In order to identify and compensate for geometric errors of a moving rigid body in real time processes, an on-line error measurement system for simultaneous detection of the five error components of a moving object is required. Using laser alignment technique and some optoelectronic components, an on-line measurement system with 5 degrees of freedom was developed for the geometric error detection in this study Performance verification of the system has been performed on an error generating mechanism. Experimental results show the feasibility of this system for identifying geometric errors of a slide of machine tools.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.24-28
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• 1996

In this paper, a new measurement system has been developed for measuring servo errors of CNC machine tools. Unlike the ball link bar method using circular path, the developed system uses two orthogonal straight paths for measurement of errors, giving relatively short test length. For position measurment, linear displacement sensor and steel cube have been designed, and the software for relevant data sampling and error evaluation has been implemented.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 1986

The main purpose of this study was to clarify the validity with patient's general background of Korean Pain Measurement tool. The subjects of this study were 195 patient from the 8 Med-Surgical wards in H. University Hospital in Seoul. The study was conducted over a 40 day period from Oct. 5, 1985 to Nov. 15, 1985. All patients had pain. Korean Pain Measurement tool and simple discriptive pain scale as Graphic Rating Scale were used to measure the pain, The Pearson Correlation Coefficient test was exercised to measure the correlation between the two kinds of pain tools. To clarify the Sensitivity of Korean Pain tool was used frequency with patient's response. To compare the difference in Pain levels with patient's general background, ANOVA and t-test was employed. To compare the difference in pain levels existed due to pain area of the body used mean numbers. The outcome of the study was as follows : 1. A positive correlation did exist between two pain measurement tools. (r=.2028∼.7768, p ＜0.002) 2. The sensitive subclass in Korean Pain Measurement tools was 7 subclass. The 7 subclass are inflammatory repeated pain, simple stimulating, traction pressure, dull pain, cavity pain, digestion related pain, suffering. related pain. 3. The existence of levels of pain in accordance with patient's general background, the department of hospital, pain area of the body and school age was supported. Age, sex, religion, marrital status, economic status, acute or chronic status was not supported. 4. The existence of higher pain levels of the body area was anus, chest, and lower pain levels of the body area was eye, ear, nose and throat. Based on the above results, it was found that sensitive subclasses of the Korean Pain Measurement tool was 7 subclass among all of 20 subclass. Thus it can be concluded that Korean Pain Mea-surement tool when partialy used and supplemented, can be an effective tool of pain measurement for the patient in Korea.