• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.469-473
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• 2009

Induced activation of the gamma-aminobutyric $acid_A$ ($GABA_A$) receptor in the retina of goldfish caused the fish to rotate in the opposite direction to that of the spinning pattern during an optomotor response (OMR) measurement. Muscimol, a $GABA_A$ receptor agonist, modified OMR in a concentration-dependent manner. The $GABA_B$ receptor agonist baclofen and $GABA_C$ receptor agonist CACA did not affect OMR. The observed modifications in OMR included decreased anterograde rotation $(0.01\sim0.03\;{\mu}M)$, coexistence of retrograde rotation and decreased anterograde rotation $(0.1\sim30\;{\mu}M)$ and only retrograde rotation $(100\;{\mu}M\sim1\;mM)$. In contrast, the $GABA_A$ receptor antagonist bicuculline blocked muscimol-induced retrograde rotation. Based on these results, we inferred that the coding inducing retrograde movement of the goldfish retina is essentially associated with the GABAA receptor-related visual pathway. Furthermore, from our novel approach using observations of goldfish behavior the induced discrete snapshot duration was approximately 573 ms when the fish were under the influence of muscimol.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.1028-1036
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• 2004

Ultrasonic sensors are widely used in mobile robot applications to recognize external environments by virtue that they are cheap, easy to use, and robust under varying lighting conditions. In most cases, a single ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the distance to an object based on time-of-flight (TOF) information, whereas multiple sensors are used to recognize the shape of an object, such as a comer, plane, or edge. However, the conventional sequential driving technique involves a long measurement time. This problem can be resolved by pulse coding of ultrasonic signals, which allows multi-sensors to be emitted simultaneously and adjacent objects to be distinguished. Accordingly, this paper presents a new simultaneous coded driving system for an ultrasonic sensor array for object recognition in autonomous mobile robots. The proposed system is designed and implemented. A micro-controller unit is implemented using a DSP, Polaroid 6500 ranging modules are modified for firing the coded signals, and a 5-channel coded signal generating board is made using a FPGA. To verify the proposed method, experiments were conducted in an environment with overlapping signals, and the flight distances fur each sensor were obtained from the received overlapping signals using correlations and conversion to a bipolar PCM-NRZ signal.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.89-90
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• 2008

We present an implementation and it's real-sea test of an underwater acoustic communication system, which allows the system to reduce complexity and increase robustness in time variant underwater environments. For easy adaptation to complicated and time-varying environments of the ocean, all-digital transmitter and receiver systems were implemented. For frame synchronization the CAZAC sequence was used, and QPSK modulation/demodulation method with carrier frequency of 25kHz and a bandwidth of 5kHz were applied to generate 10kbps transmission rate including overhead. To improve transmission quality, we used several techniques and algorithms such as adaptive beamforming, adaptive equalizer, and convolution coding/Viterbi decoding. For the verification of the system performance, measurement of BER has been done in a very shallow water with depth of 20m at JangMok, Geoje. During the experiment, image data were successfully transmitted up to about 9.6km.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2012

1. Objectives : The aim of the present study was to describe the Korea Constitutional Multicenter Bank (KCMB), which was various clinical data bank for scientific advancement of constitutional diagnosis and treatment. 2. Methods and Results : The KCMB is based on the 28 multi-institute cooperative clinical research networks including domestic and international institute. Since the KCMB was founded in 2006, data have been accumulated from 10,412 subjects. The KCMB consists of three parts: The clinical constitutional data, the measurement data, and the biological data. The method of data entry is via web based electronic Case Report From (eCRF). The eCRF has been developed and programed to ensure the efficient entry of data. We also developed coding manual, ongoing quality control assessment to obtain high-quality data. 3. Conclusions : The KCMB with various data contribute to providing the scientification of Sasang Constitutional Medicine.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.558-564
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• 2018

In distributed estimation where each node can collect only partial information on the parameter of interest without communication between nodes and quantize it before transmission to a fusion node which conducts estimation of the parameter, we consider a novel quantization technique employed at local nodes. It should be noted that the performance can be greatly improved if each node can transmit its measurement to one designated node (namely, head node) which can quantize its estimate using the total rate available in the system. For this case, the best strategy at the head node would be simply to partition the parameter space using the generalized Lloyd algorithm, producing the global codewords, one of which is closest to the estimate is transmitted to a fusion node. In this paper, we propose an iterative design algorithm that seeks to efficiently assign the codewords into each of quantization partitions at nodes so as to achieve the performance close to that of the system with the head node. We show through extensive experiments that the proposed algorithm offers a performance improvement in rate-distortion perspective as compared with previous novel techniques.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2012

The NAS 1638 cleanliness classification system was originally developed in 1966 by the US Aircraft Industries of America to both simplify reporting of particle count data and to control the introduction of dirt during the assembly of aircraft fluid systems. The numbers of particles at stated sizes are represented by broad bands where the interval was generally a doubling of contamination. A number of systems have been introduced since this to suit differing requirements. NAS 1638 and AS4059 are used in other industrial sectors such as the Off-shore & Sub-Sea and the Primary Metal Industries. The changes to ISO contamination measurement standards controlled by ISO/TC131/SC6 in 1999 meant that a revision of most of these classification systems was necessary. The body responsible for NAS 1638 decided to withdraw it for new installations and replace it with an update of an existing standard, SAE AS 4059. This paper details the philosophy behind the contamination coding systems, the reasons for the changes to the ISO contamination standards and explains the workings of AS 4059, the replacement for NAS 1638. It goes on to detail the latest changes to this standard.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2011

In order to confirm the presence of putative glucoamylase gene in Tricholoma matsutake genome, the genomic DNA was prepared from T. matsutake NBRC30773 strain and was used as template to clone the glucoamylases gene (TmGlu1). We obtained the nucleotide sequence of TmGlu1 and its franking region. The coding region (from ATG to stop codon) is 2,186 bp. The locations of exons and introns were determined from the nucleotide sequences of 3'- and 5'-RACE PCR and RT-PCR products. On the other hand, to investigate the relationship between composition of medium and glucoamylase expression, we checked the expression level of glucoamylase gene by realtime reverse transcription PCR and measurement of glucoamylase enzyme activity. It was found that enzyme activity of glucoamylase was very low in different medium. Expression of glucoamylases gene appeared to not be affected by different carbon source.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2006년도 학술대회
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• pp.67-70
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• 2006

디스플레이 장치와 영상 기술의 발전으로 3D 입체 영상에 대한 관심과 기술적 접근이 어느 때 보다 활발하다. 입체 영상의 경우 통상 복수의 평면 영상을 이용하여 합성하게 되는데 이 과정에서 각 영상의 객관적 화질을 서로 달리 함으로써 주관적 화질을 향상시킬 수 있다는 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 객관적 화질을 지나치게 달리 하거나 전반적으로 낮은 화질의 영상에서는 경계선이 제대로 재현되지 않아 입체감을 떨어뜨리는 문제가 발생한다. 또한 기존의 연구는 스테레오 영상에 한해서만 위의 가설을 검증하였으나 최근의 입체 영상에 관한 연구는 스테레오 영상뿐만 아니라 다시점 영상에서도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 스테레오 영상과 9시점 영상에서의 비대칭 영상 부호화가 주관적 화질에 미치는 영향을 검증하고 구체적으로 어느 정도의 객관적 화질 차이를 유지하는 것이 비대칭 부호화에서 가장 효율적인지를 밝힌다. 또한 기존의 비대칭 영상 부호화와 비교하여 주관적 화질을 개선할 수 있는 더욱 효율적인 알고리듬을 제안한다. 제안되는 알고리듬은 경계선의 강도를 기준으로 매크로블록의 양자화 파라미터를 달리 하여 영상의 경계선을 보호하는 방법으로써 기존의 비대칭 영상 부호화보다 더욱 향상된 주관적 화질을 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권2A호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2002

MPEG-2 트랜스부호화기는 이미 부호화되어 있는 비트스트림의 비트율을 변경하는 것이다. 비트율제어를 위하여 기존의 제어 방식을 개선한 새로운 알고리듬을 제안하였으며 모의실험을 통해 임의의 비트율로 변경했을 때 우수한 성능을 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 비트율 제어에서는 비트스트립내의 정보를 이용하여 매크로블럭 단위의 비트율-양자화 파라미터 모델을 제안하였다. 이 모델은 DCT 계수를 사용하였기 때문에 화면의 종류에 관계없이 사용할 수 있었다. 비트율-양자화파라미터 모델의 정확도를 높이도록 매크로블럭의 활동도에 따른 구분도 하였다. 모의 실험결과, 특정 비트율을 가지는 비트스트림을 가지고 다른 비트율로 변환하였을 때 TM5로 재부호화 했을 때보다 제안한 방식이 더 높은 PSNR값과 제어 성능을 보였다. MPEG-2의 스케일러블 프로파일도 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 변환부호화기에는 적합하지 않다는 결과를 얻었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.538-545
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• 1995

When DNA replication of simian virus 40 (SV40) is initiated on the replication origin, the regions containing the initiation sites of DNA primase, which participates in the transient RNA primer synthesis for formation of Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand, were chosen as the target sites of antisense RNA for studies of the inhibition of SV40 DNA replication. Four recombinant transcription vectors, pUC-PrI, pUC-PrII, pGEM-PrBS, and pGEM-PrSN, coding antisense RNA, were constructed. Four antisense RNAs (named as I, II, BS, and SN) having the size of 18, 19,58, and 123 nts, respectively, were made from the transcription vectors by in vitro transcription. And then, antisense RNA in the concentration of 2${\mu}m$ were added to COS cells transfected with pATSV-W which is a recombinant plasmid containing the SV40 origin of replication. The inhibitory extent of DNA replication was measured by DpnI resistance and was confirmed by measurement of transient RNA primer synthesis. The result shows that six combinations of antisense RNA (I, II, BS, SN, I+SN, and BS+SN) lead to the inhibition of SV40 DNA replication by up to 85%.