• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2010

The separation performance of a low-pressure hydrocyclone (LPH) was evaluated for suspended-solids removal in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The dimensions of the LPH were 335 mm cylinder diameter, 575 mm cylinder height, 60 mm overflow diameter, 50 mm underflow diameter, and $68^{\circ}$ cone angle. The inflow rate varied (400, 600, 800, and 1,000 mL $s^{-1}$) with 25%, 25%, 20%, and 10% of bypass ($R_f$), respectively. The maximum total separation efficiency (Et) and reduced separation efficiency (E't) for suspended solids from the effluent of the second settlement tank (before biofiltration) were 58.9% and 45.2%, respectively, at an inflow rate of 600 mL $s^{-1}$ and 25% of $R_f$. The maximum Et and E't for suspended solids from the water supply channel (after biofiltration) were 24.4% and 16%, respectively, at an inflow rate of 1,000 mL $s^{-1}$ and 10% of $R_f$. The maximum grade efficiency (Ei) was 51.6% for a 300 ${\mu}m$ particle size at an inflow rate of 600 mL $s^{-1}$ with 23% of $R_f$. The maximum reduced grade efficiency (E'i) was 37.6% for a 300 ${\mu}m$ particle size at an inflow rate of 1,000 mL $s^{-1}$ with 11% of $R_f$. The results indicate that the separation performance of the LPH for suspended solids removal was size selective and that maximum removal occurred at particle sizes ranging from 300 to 500 ${\mu}m$.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.292-294
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• 1998

Surimi sol and gel were prepared by mixing egg albumin, starch, oil and carrageenan, which are used as representative ingredients in the surimi composite, at different ratio. Structural properties in surimi composite were investigated by examining the phase changes and dispersion pattern (average particle size, size range and the averge number of particle) of the particulate ingredients in sol and gel with an image analyzer. A staining technique of the specimen containing egg albumin in surimi gel was developed by adjusting pH of a toluidine staining solution. Image analysis revealed that size and density of ingredient particles were function of the level and dispersion of ingredients except of starch-incorporated surimi gel which showed maximum particle size at 6%.

• 에너지공학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.162-169
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• 1997

The particle size effect on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal was investigated in the cylindrical-shape, horizontal furnace, fired in the range of 8.8∼10.6 kw. Three differently-sized fractions (5, 30, and 44 microns in average diameter) of high-volatile bituminous coal, were burned in the test furnace. Burnout behavior of pulverized coal flame were determined through the measurement of stable species concentrations (CO$_2$and H$_2$O). Concentrations of CO$_2$were compared with the theoretical values and the result showed good agreement. Thermal behavior of pulverized coal flame were determined as maximum flame temperatures occurred at fuel-rich conditions in every case. Flame lengths were also determined by decreasing with the particle size decrease. The flame length of the fine sized coal sample was comparable to that produced by distillate oil. The color of the coal flames ranged from orange to yellow, with the flame of the fine size fraction being brighter and yellower than the others.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1999

We had investigated combustion properties of rice bran dusts. Decomposition of rice bran dusts with temperature were investigated using DSC and the weight loss according to temperature using TGA in order to find the thermal hazard of rice bran dusts, and the properties of dust explosion in variation of their dust with the same particle size. Using Hartman's dust explosion apparatus which estimate dust explosion by electric ignition after making dust disperse by compressed air, dust explosion experiments have been conducted by varying concentration and size of rice bran dust.According to the results for thermodynamic stability of rice bran dust, there are little change of initiation temperature of heat generation and heating value for used particle size. But initiation temperature of heat generation decreased with high heating rate whereas decomposition heat increased with particle size. Average maximum explosion pressure was $10kgf/cm^2$ for 60/70 mesh and $1.5mg/cm^2$ dust concentration.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1011-1019
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• 1990

Pyrophyllite, which has low impurities, was used in the synthesis of mullite to decrease the glass phase, which can be formed from impurities such as alkali and alkali earth elemetns present in raw materials. But, as pyrophyllite has less alumina content than other aluminosilicate materials such as kaolin, more alumina sources were needed in the synthesis of mullite. In other to investigate the effect of particle size of alumina sources on the mullitization of pyrophyllite, aluminum hydrate gel and activated alumina were used. When activated alumina, which has large particle size, was added to pyrophyllite, mullitization was not fully accomplished regardless of temprature. In the case of aluminum hydrate gel, which has small particle size, the maximum yield of mullite was about 90.3% at 1700$^{\circ}C$, and grain size of mullite was larter than the case of activated alumina was added.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1542-1548
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• 1999

아밀로오스 함량이 서로 다른 7가지(수원조, 수원 232. BG276-5, IR44, IR41999-139, 수원230, 용주벼) 쌀품종에 대해 입자크기$(106-425\;{\mu}m)$에 따른 쌀가루의 일반성분, 아밀로그램 특성, 수분흡수지수 및 수분용해지수 등을 조사하였다. 아밀로오스 함량은 수원조가 27.1%로 가장 높았고, 용주벼는 17.2%로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 단백질 함량은 수원조가 11.4%로 가장 높았고 IR44가 6.8%로 가장 낮았다. Pin mill을 이용하여 일정한 조건에서 분쇄한 쌀가루의 입자크기에 따른 단백질 함량은 입자크기가 감소함에 따라 감소하였다. 모든 품종에서 입자크기가 감소함에 따라 백색도는 증가하였으며 b값 및 ${\Delta}E$값은 감소하였다. 입자크기에 따른 아밀로그래프 특성은 모든 품종에서 입자크기가 감소할수록 호화개시온도는 감소하였으나 최고점도, 냉각시의 점도, breakdown 및 total setback은 증가하였다. 그러나 setback의 값은 입자크기에 따라 일정치 않았다. 최고 점도는 품종별로 입자크기가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 정도가 많은 차이를 보여주었다. 수분흡수지수 및 수분용해지수는 입자크기가 감소하고 온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며 품종간에도 차이를 보여주었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 개별요소법을 적용하여 화강암 기원의 풍화토에서 입자 크기와 입자크기 분포 특성 중 최대입경/최소입경의 비가 강도정수에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 입자크기와 입도분포가 변화할 때의 전단강도 특성 변화를 규명하기 위하여 개별요소법 수치해석을 실시하였다. 점착력이 0.25MPa, 내부마찰각이 $29^{\circ}$인 강도특성을 갖는 기준시료를 수치해석적으로 구현한 후, 간극률을 기준시료와 동일하게 유지하면서 입자의 크기와 입도분포를 바꾸어 가며 점착력과 내부마찰각의 변화를 살펴보았다. 수치해석결과 평균입자의 크기가 커질수록 점착력의 현저한 감소가 관찰되었으며, 내부마찰각의 변화는 미미하지만 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 연구결과는 입도만을 이용하여 간편하게 화강풍화토의 강도정수 산정 시 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 특히 풍화상태가 점이적으로 변화하는 화강풍화토의 경우, 현장시험과 실내시험을 통하여 일부 구간에서 측정된 입도-강도 자료가 있을 때, 이러한 시험들이 수행되지 않은 구간에 대해서도 입도분포를 통해 간편하게 강도특성을 규명할 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회 초록집
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• pp.32-38
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• 2010

Hybrid material(ceramic+metal) processes were developed for micro filter using ceramics coating at metal filter surface by thermal spray method, micro hole drilling at ceramic coated filter surface by femtosecond laser, and fiber laser direct welding of ceramic and metal (SUS304, SM45C) by capillary effect. Thermal spray process was used for ceramic powders and metal filters. The used ceramic powders were $Al_2O_3+40TiO_2$(Metco 131VF) powder of maximum particle size $5{\mu}m$ and ${Al_2O_3}99+$(Metco 54NS) power of maximum particle size 45m. Ceramic coated filters using thermal spray method had a great influence on powder material, particle size and coating thickness but had a fine performance as a micro filter. CW fiber laser was used to drill the top ceramic layer and melt the bottom metal layer for joining applications.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1509-1517
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• 1997

Charged and uncharged particle motions and collection characteristics around a bipolar charged rectangular shape electret fiber are studied numerically. Particle inertia, fluid drag, Coulomb force and polarization force are considered to predict the particle motion around the electret fiber. The effects of particle sizes, flow velocities, number of charges and polarities are also systematically investigated. For small size particles, the single fiber collection efficiency is greatly dependent on the charge polarity and the number of charges on a particle. However, particles larger than 5.mu.m do not show charging effect on collection efficiencies in the flow velocity ranges from 1.5 cm/s to 150 cm/s when the maximum charges are within +5 to -10. The results show that a strong electric field gradient at the corner of the bipolar charged fiber plays a very important role on collecting particles regardless of its charge polarity because of the polarization force. It also shows that the most penetrating particle size for a single electret fiber decreases as the flow velocity increases and the number of charges of a particle decreases.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2002

The effects of ball-milling time(0 ~4 hrs) have been investigated on the change of powder characteristics, compaction behavior (compaction pressure range : 200 ~400MPa) and sinterability (1700'c in Ha atmosphere) of two different UO$_2$ powders (ex-ADU and ex-AUC) prepared by the wet process. It is observed that, while the ex-ADU UO$_2$ was little affected, the ex-AUC UO$_2$ was largely affected by the ball-milling treatment. This may be attributed to the characteristics of particle size formed during the preparation step, i.e.., the former has a small average size of about 1.0${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, while the latter has a relatively large average size of about 301n. It appeared that the effective size reduction by ball-milling treatment is limited to the particle size larger than l${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, and to the extent of maximum decrease in size of about 0.5tn. In the case of ex-AUC UO$_2$, it is observed that the particle size decreased with ball-milling time and green density and sintered density of the pellets prepared from ball-milled powder increased compared with those of pellets prepared from the as-received powder under the same conditions. This may be attributed mainly to the fine particles formed during the ball-milling treatment.