• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2020

Service life prediction and evaluation of rubber components is the foundational technology necessary for securing the safety and reliability of the product and to ensure an optimum design. Even though the domestic industry has recognized the importance thereof, technology for a systematic design and analysis of the same has not yet been established. In order to develop this technology, identifying the fatigue damage parameters that affect service life is imperative. Most anti-vibration rubber components had been damaged by repeated load and aging. Hence, the evaluation of the fatigue characteristics is indispensable. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method that can predict the service life of rubber components relatively accurately in a short period of time. This method works even in the initial designing stage. We followed the service life prediction procedure of the proposed rubber components. The weak part of the rubber and the maximum strain were analyzed using finite element analysis of the rubber bushing for the tracked vehicles. In order to predict the service life of the rubber components that were in storage for a certain period of time, the fatigue test was performed on the three-dimensional dumbbell specimen, based on the results obtained by the rubber material acceleration test. The service life formula of the rubber bushing for tracked vehicles was derived using both finite element analysis and the fatigue test. The service life of the rubber bushing for tracked vehicles was estimated to be about 1.7 million cycles at room temperature (initial stage) and about 400,000 cycles when kept in storage for 3 years. Through this paper, the service life for various rubber parts is expected be predicted and evaluated. This will contribute to improving the durability and reliability of rubber components.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.469-477
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 실제 공연장을 예제 건물로 하여 공연장에 발생한 진동을 측정한 결과를 바탕으로 공연장 구조물의 안전성에 대해 해석적으로 평가하였다. 수치해석 프로그램은 MIDAS GEN을 사용하였으며, 바닥판은 합성효과를 고려하여 모델링하였다. 해석결과 진동계측실험을 통해 구한 바닥판 고유진동수와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 또한 군중의 율동에 의한 동적하중을 시간이력해석으로 해석하여 진동계측 실험과 유사한 수준의 바닥판 가속도 응답을 확인하였다. 이 모델을 사용하여 예제 공연장의 최대관람인원인 400명의 집단율동 시 발생하는 상황에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 기둥과 보의 가해지는 외력은 설계 내력을 하회하여 안전성에 문제없음을 확인하였다. 또한 공연 시 발생하는 수평방향 진동수준은 지진하중의 2% 수준으로 수직수평 모두 안전성에 문제가 없는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2017

반사 굴절 광학계는 굴절과 반사를 이용하여 영상을 전달한다. 영상의 질을 높이려면 광학계에 있는 부경의 편심과 경사가 작게 발생되고 주경이 광량을 최대로 받도록 부경 지지대의 형상이 결정되어야 한다. 특히 감시 정찰용 광학계는 랜덤 가속도 진동을 심하게 받는다. 이러한 환경하에 최선의 설계를 하기 위하여 표준편차로 표현된 편심과 경사에 대한 제한조건을 만족하면서 부경 지지대의 부피를 최소화하여야 한다. 편심과 경사의 표준편차는 통계적인 표현이므로 이들에 대한 설계민감도를 해석학적으로 유도하기가 어렵다. 그러므로, 이 표준편차들을 반응 표면 분석법을 이용하여 2차 회귀 방정식으로 대체한 후 형상 최적 설계를 수행하였다. 검토 결과 본 논문의 방법이 랜덤 진동을 받는 강건한 부경 지지대의 형상 최적화에 효율적임을 알 수 있다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.141-168
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• 2012

The Retrofit Yield Spectrum (RYS) is a new spectrum-based device that relates seismic demand of a retrofitted structure with the fundamental design parameters of the retrofit. This is obtained from superposition of Yield Point Spectra with design charts that summarize in pertinent spectrum-compatible coordinates the attributes of a number of alternative retrofit scenarios. Therefore, once the requirements for upgrading a given structure have been determined, the RYS enable direct insight of the sensitivity of the seismic response of the upgraded structure to the preliminary design decisions made while establishing the retrofit plan. By virtue of their spectrum-based origin, RYS are derived with reference to a single mode of structural vibration; a primary objective is to control the contribution of this mode in the retrofit design so as to produce a desirable distribution of damage at the ultimate limit state by removing soft storey formations and engaging the maximum number of structural members in deformation, in response to the input motion. Calculations are performed with reference to the yield-point, where secant stiffness is proportional to the flexural strength of reinforced concrete members. Derivation and use of the Retrofit Yield Spectra (RYS) refers to the seismic demand expressed either in terms of spectral acceleration, spectral displacement or interstory drift, at yield of the first storey. A reinforced concrete building that has been tested in full scale to a sequence of simulated earthquake excitations is used in the paper as a demonstration case study to examine the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권4C호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2011

기초사석 위에서 진동하중을 받는 진동다짐판의 침하는 일시적인 진폭과 소성침하로 나타낼 수 있다. 최대 진동하중이 사석의 지지력을 초과하지 않는 한, 소성침하량은 극한값으로 수렴하며 궁극적으로 정상적인 진동을 한다. 이러한 진동다짐의 침하거동에 대한 실내실험은 수평방향이 구속된 시료에 대하여 진동하중이 전체면적에 작용하도록 수행되었거나 진동대에 시료를 놓고 실험을 수행한 것이 대부분이다. 그러나 실제 현장에서는 진동하중이 기초사석 표면적의 일부에만 적용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현장조건에 맞게 쇄석에 진동하중을 작용토록 하였다. 쇄석에 대한 진동다짐실험에 따르면 전체 침하량의 약 90%가 2분 이내에 발생하며, 정적 및 동적응력을 포함한 진동응력 수준이 증가할수록 침하는 증가하였다. 진동다짐시, 진동다짐수, 진폭, 침하량, 재하폭, 진동응력의 상관관계를 나타내는 식을 제안하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.605-612
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• 2013

중형 또는 대형 인공위성은 발사를 앞두고 발사체 회사와 함께 연성하중해석을 실시하여 위성설계를 최종 검증한다. 연성하중해석을 통해 얻어진 최대가속도, 최소간극, 최대하중은 인공위성의 설계하중과 비교하여 인공위성의 설계를 최종적으로 검증하게 된다. 이러한 연성하중해석의 신뢰도를 높이기 위해서는 인공위성 유한요소모델은 충분히 검증되어야 하는데, 발사 직전에 수행하는 정현파 진동시험결과에 맞춰 보정한다. 본 논문에서는 연성하중해석을 위한 유한요소모델의 보정 및 검증결과에 대해 기술한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2012

Owing to the rapid growth of mobile and electronic equipment miniaturization technology, the supply of micro mobile computing machine has been fast raised. Accordingly they have performed many researches on energy harvesting technology to provide promising power supply equipment to substitute existing batteries. In this paper, in order to have low resonance frequency for piezoelectric energy harvester, we have tried to make it larger than before by adopting nickel that has much higher density than silicon. We have applied it for our energy harvesting actuator instead of the existing silicon based actuator. Through such new concept and approach, we have designed energy harvesting device and made it personally by making with micromachining process. The energy harvester structure has a cantilever type and has a dimension of $10{\times}2.5{\times}0.1\;mm^3$ for length, width and thickness respectively. Its electrode type is formed by using Au/Ti of interdigitate d33 mode. The pattern size and gap size is 50 ${\mu}m$. Based on the measurement of the nickel-based piezoelectric energy harvester, it is found to have 778 Hz for a resonant frequency with no proof mass. In that resonance frequency we could get a maximum output power of 76 ${\mu}W$ at 4.8 $M{\Omega}$ being applied with 1 g acceleration.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.227-248
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• 2015

A CFPBS (Cone-type Friction Pendulum Bearing System) was developed to control the acceleration delivered to a structure to prevent the damage and degradation of critical communication equipment during earthquakes. This study evaluated the isolation performance of the CFPBS by numerical analysis. The CFPBS was manufactured in the shape of a cone differenced with the existing FPS (Friction Pendulum System), and a pattern was engraved on the friction surface. The natural frequencies of the CFPBS were evaluated from a free-vibration test with a seismic isolator system consisting of 4 CFPBS. To confirm the earthquake-resistant performance, a numerical analysis program was prepared using the equation of the CFPBS induced from the equations of motion. The equation reported by Tsai for the rolling-type seismic isolation bearings was proposed to design the equation of the CFPBS. Artificial seismic waves that satisfy the maximum earthquake scale of the Korean Building Code-Structural (KBC-2005) were created and verified to review the earthquake-resistant performance of the CFPBS by numerical analysis. The superstructural mass of the CFPBS and the skew angle of friction surface were considered for numerical analysis with El Centro NS, Kobe NS and artificial seismic waves. The CFPBS isolation performance evaluation was based on the numerical analysis results, and comparative analysis was performed between the results from numerical analysis and simplified theoretical equation under the same conditions. The validity of numerical analysis was verified from the shaking table test.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.3085-3099
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• 2021

Investigations of large commercial aircraft impact effect on nuclear power plant (NPP) buildings have been drawing extensive attentions, particularly after the 9/11 event, and this paper aims to numerically assess the damage and vibrations of NPP buildings subjected to aircrafts crash. In Part I of present paper, two shots of reduce-scaled model test of aircraft impact on NPP were conducted based on the large rocket sled loading test platform. In the present part, the numerical simulations of both scaled and prototype aircraft impact on NPP buildings are further performed by adopting the commercial program LS-DYNA. Firstly, the refined finite element (FE) models of both scaled aircraft and NPP models in Part I are established, and the model impact test is numerically simulated. The validities of the adopted numerical algorithm, constitutive model and the corresponding parameters are verified based on the experimental NPP model damages and accelerations. Then, the refined simulations of prototype A380 aircraft impact on a hypothetical NPP building are further carried out. It indicates that the NPP building can totally withstand the impact of A380 at a velocity of 150 m/s, while the accompanied intensive vibrations may still lead to different levels of damage on the nuclear related equipment. Referring to the guideline NEI07-13, a maximum acceleration contour is plotted and the shock damage propagation distances under aircraft impact are assessed, which indicates that the nuclear equipment located within 11.5 m from the impact point may endure malfunction. Finally, by respectively considering the rigid and deformable impacts mainly induced by aircraft engine and fuselage, an improved Riera function is proposed to predict the impact force of aircraft A380.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.277-288
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• 2022

'Eve 58-1', the subject of this study is a statue made of plaster and its structural stability was evaluated by utilizing the CAE program in order to prevent the risk of damage arising from impact and vibration that are generated during the packaging and transportation process given its material characteristics. CAE is an abbreviation for Computer Applied Engineering for realization by predicting changes at the time of application of virtual physical energy. It is applied by reflecting the physical property conditions and each boundary condition of plaster, and the digital images of the internal and external structure of the work were acquired through 3D scanning and CT analysis for interpretation by executing finite element modeling. When acceleration is applied to the work in the direction of its own weight, the left-right side and the front-rear side, it was possible to confirm a maximum displacement value of 15.24 mm in the head section of the front-rear side direction that has been tilted by approximately 27° from the Y-axis and the largest stress value of 12.46 MPa was at the left ankle section. The corresponding results confirmed that the left ankle section is the most vulnerable area and the section for which precautions need to be exercised and supplemented at the time of transporting the work by means of objective values.