• 산업기술연구
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• 제17권
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• pp.313-322
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• 1997

As the weight of trucks increases, the need for concrete pavement also increases. Therefore, the addition of fly-ash may improve the properties of pavement concrete as well as recycle fly-ash. A full factorial experiment was performed using the primary variables, such as water-cement ratio, fly-ash substitution ratio, and maximum size of coarse aggregate, as a preliminary study for optimum mixture design for pavement concrete. The results of preliminary study indicates that the addition of fly-ash is the most important factor determining concrete strength, followed by the maximum size of coarse aggregate and water-cement ratio. It, also, shows the relative importance of fly-ash substitution ratio, compared to the water-cement ratio, and the interaction effects between the primary variables. Optimum mixture designs for pavement concrete incorporating fly-ash, that satisfied the target responses, were proposed in terms of fly-ash substitution ratio, water cement ratio and maximum size of coarse aggregate.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.431-440
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• 2011

콘크리트 구조물은 화재에 노출시 고온에 의해 내부 구조가 변화하며 보유하고 있는 강도와 변형 성능이 저하되어 최종적으로 수명이 단축하게 된다. 그 성능 저하 수준은 도달된 온도, 고온에 노출된 시간, 콘크리트의 배합, 골재의 특성 및 콘크리트 자체의 특성 등에 의해 결정된다. 이 연구는 물시멘트비, 잔골재율 및 굵은 골재의 최대 크기등의 변수에 대한 초고강도 콘크리트의 열적 거동을 평가하기 위해 실시되었다. 상온 및 $500^{\circ}C$의 온도에 대하여 초음파 속도, 동탄성 계수, 정탄성 계수 및 압축강도 시험은 ${\varnothing}100{\times}200\;mm$ 원주형 콘크리트 시험체를 사용하여 실시되었다. 결과로서 $500^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 가열된 초고강도 콘크리트의 잔존 역학적 특성은 물결합재비, 잔골재율 및 굵은 골재 최대 치수의 변화에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2011

In this study, a series of soil concrete mixtures were tested for the compressive strength according to ratio of aggregate to binder, compaction energy, maximum aggregate size, ratio of silica fume to cement, and ratio of water to binder. The optimum mixing ratio of soil concrete mixtures composed of volcaniclastic, cement, silica fume, concrete polymer and water were analysed. The test results for optimum proportion were as follows ; (1)ratio of aggregate to binder was 4 : 1, (2)compaction energy level was level 2, (3)maximum aggregate size was 13 mm, (4)ratio of silica fume to cement was 10%, (5)ratio of water to binder was 25%. Also, dry type construction techniques were applied using the optimum soil concrete mixture. From the results of this study, the compressive strength of soil concrete and construction techniques were suitable for making eco-friendly soil pavement.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.439-442
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• 2005

This study is to consider the influence strength of concrete according to the kinds of coarse aggregate. The experimental study conditions are varied with different maximum size of coarse aggregate(13mm, 19mm, 25mm) and the weight of water and S/a are constant. The compressive strength properties of the concrete at 7 days, 28 days are examined. According to the experimental results, the compressive strength increased and air content, slump decreased with maximum size of coarse aggregate increased.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

PURPOSES : To ensure appropriate RCC properties with sufficient strength development and workability, it is necessary to secure a proper level of consistency. It is also necessary to secure maximum dry density, which is an important factor for increasing the interaction of aggregate interlocking, leading to an augmentation of RCC strength. On the other hand, the dry density of RCC can be changed owing to the compaction conditions, water content, and particle size distribution. A Proctor test and a modified Proctor test were used for determining the optimum water content needed to achieve maximum dry density with different amounts of compaction energy. A Vebe test, on the other hand, was used for checking the level of consistency, which is important for producing a workable mixture. METHODS : To confirm the degree of compaction at various particle sizes, RCC mixtures with different sand/aggregate ratios were evaluated. The Proctor test and modified Proctor test were applied to these mixtures to check the effect of the aggregate gradation and compaction energy on the maximum dry density and optimum water content. During each test, three specimens were produced for all types of water content under each aggregate gradation. A compaction curve and the optimum water content and maximum dry density for each aggregate gradation were then obtained for both tests. The range of water content for the appropriate consistency of each aggregate gradation was determined through a Vebe test. The optimum water content was then evaluated based on this range. RESULTS : The compaction test results show that the modified Proctor test provides a higher maximum dry density and lower optimum water content compared with the standard Proctor test. For the modified Proctor test, two cases of aggregate gradation (s/a = 30% and 70%) had the optimum water contents outside of the appropriate water content range. For the standard Proctor test, on the other hand, none of aggregate gradations provided the optimum water content within the desired range. CONCLUSIONS : The modified Proctor test should be used for an RCC mixture design because it can provide adequacy between maximum dry density and consistency. Moreover, the compaction roller has become highly developed for higher compaction energy.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

최근 국내외에서 역학적-경험적 설계법의 개발 및 이의 활용을 위한 각종 연구가 매우 활발하게 진행중에 있다. 미국의 경우 AASHTO 2002 설계법, 우리나라의 경우 한국형 도로포장설계법의 개발이 진행 중에 있고, 개발되는 설계법에 도로포장재료의 역학적 물성치 평가가 상당히 중요한 역할을 하도록 구성되어 있다. 따라서 설계법에 이용될 국내 아스팔트 혼합물의 재료물성의 평가가 매우 시급한 실정이다. 설계법에 이용되는 재료 물성을 평가하는 방법 중 최근에 많이 적용되는 방법이 동탄성계수 실험이다. 동탄성계수는 다양한 온도조건, 하중, 속도를 이용하여 다양한 교통조건을 반영할 수 있다. 사용된 골재의 입도, 아스팔트 바인더에 따라서 변화하며, 특히 아스팔트 혼합물의 점탄성적인 특성을 잘 묘사할 수 있는 물성치 평가방법이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 아스팔트 혼합물에 사용되는 골재의 공칭최대치수 및 입도분포와 동탄성계수와의 상관관계를 규명하는 것이다. 국내의 실험장비 조건을 고려할 때, 시편의 직경 및 높이는 100mm 및 150mm를 이용하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 골재의 공칭최대치수가 커짐에 따라 동탄성계수가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2013

PURPOSES : As a research to develop a cement treated base course for an airport pavement which can enhance its drainage, this paper investigated the strength, infiltration performance and durability of the pervious concrete with respect to maximum coarse aggregate sizes and compaction methods. METHODS : This study measured compressive strength, infiltration rate, continuous porosity and freeze-thaw resistance of pervious concrete specimens, which were fabricated with five different compaction methods and different maximum aggregate sizes. In addition, in order to reduce the usage of Portland cement content and to enhance environment-friendliness, a portion of the cement was replaced with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). RESULTS: Compressive strength requirement, 5 MPa at 7 days, was met for all applied compaction methods and aggregate sizes, except for the case of self-compaction. Infiltration rate became increased as the size of aggregate increased. The measured continuous porosities varied with the different compaction methods but the variation was not significant. When GGBS was incorporated, the strength requirement was successfully satisfied and the resistance to freezing-thawing was also superior to the required limit. CONCLUSIONS: The infiltration rate increased as the maximum size of aggregate increased but considering construct ability and supply of course aggregate, its size is recommended to be 25mm. With the suggested mix proportions, the developed pervious concrete is expected to successfully meet requirements for strength, drainage and durability for cement treated base or subbase course of an airport pavement.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2020

Fracture properties of concrete depend on the mix proportions of the ingredients, specimen shape and size, type of testing method used for the evaluation of fracture properties. Aggregates play a key role for changes in the fracture behaviour of concrete as they constitute about 60-75 % of the total volume of the concrete. The present study deals with the effect of size and quantity of coarse aggregate on the fracture behaviour of steel fibre reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC). Lower coarse aggregate and higher fine aggregate content in SCC results in the stronger interfacial transition zone and a weaker stiffness of concrete compared to vibrated concrete. As the fracture properties depend on the aggregates quantity and size particularly in SCC, three nominal sizes (20 mm, 16 mm and 12.5 mm) and three coarse to fine aggregate proportions (50-50, 45-55, 40-60) were chosen as parameters. Wedge Split Test (WST), a stable test method was adopted to arrive the requisite properties. Specimens without and with guide notch were investigated. The results are indicative of increase in fracture energy with increase in coarse aggregate size and quantity. The splitting force was maximum for specimens with 12.5 mm size which is associated with a brittle failure in the pre-ultimate stage followed by a ductile failure due to the presence of steel fibres in the post-peak stage.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2006

Recent developments in fractal theory suggest that fractal may provide a more realistic representation of characteristics of cementitious materials. In this paper, the roughness of fracture surfaces in cementitious material has been characterized by fractal theory. A systematic experimental investigation was carried out to examine the dependency of fracture parameters on the aggregate sizes as well as the loading rates. Three maximum aggregate sizes (4.76 mm, 12.7 mm, and 19.1 mm) and two loading rates (slow and fast loading rate) were used. A total of 25 compression tests and 25 tension tests were performed. All fracture parameters exhibited an increase, to varying degrees, when aggregates were added to the mortar matrix. The fracture surfaces of the specimens were digitized and analyzed. Results of the fractal analysis suggested that concrete fracture surfaces exhibit fractal characteristics, and the fractal geometry provide a useful tool for characterizing nonlinear fracture behavior of concrete. Fractal dimension D was monotonically increased as maximum aggregate sizes increase. A new fractal fracture model was developed which considers the size and shape of aggregate, and the crack paths in the constituent phases. Detailed analyses were given for four different types of fracture paths. The fractal fracture model can estimate fractal dimension for multiphase composites.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.669-677
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• 2009

철근콘크리트 연속 보의 전단거동에 대한 골재 최대직경의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 24개의 실험체가 실험되었다. 전경량, 모래경량 및 보통중량콘크리트 보에서 최대 골재직경은 4 mm에서 19 mm로 변하였으며, 전단경간비는 2.5와 0.6으로 있었다. 보통중량콘크리트 보의 무차원 최대전단내력에 대한 동일조건의 경량콘크리트 보의 무차원 최대 전단내력의 비가 ACI 318-05에서 제시하는 수정계수와 비교되었다. 파괴면에 대한 현미경 사진으로부터 경량콘크리트보의 파괴면은 주로 골재를 관통하지만 파괴되지 않은 경량골재들도 다수 발견되었는데, 이는 경량콘크리트 보의 전단거동 향상에 기여하였다. 이로 인해 경량콘크리트 연속 보의 최대전단내력은 골재 최대직경의 증가와 함께 증가하였는데, 그 증가기울기는 보통중량콘크리트 연속보에 비해 낮았다. ACI 318-05에서 제시하는 수정계수는 경량콘크리트 연속 보에서는 다소 불안전측에 있었는데, 그 불안전측은 최대 골재직경의 증가와 함께 증가하였다. 또한 ACI 318-05의 전단규정에 대한 안전성은 보통중량콘크리트 보에 비해 경량콘크리트 보에서 낮았다.