• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sex of adolescent and SES of the family, maternal attachment and child-rearing behavior on adolescent's self-esteem. The subjects were 234 pairs of adolescents attending at junior-middle schools and their mothers in Kwangju. The questionnaires were used to collect the datas on maternal attachment and child-rearing behavior and adolescent's self-esteem. The results were as follows : 1. The effects of maternal attachment types on maternal child-rearing behaviors did not found significantly. 2. Maternal'love'and'authoritarian' child-rearing behavior, sex of adolescent were found significantly influential variables on adolescent's self-esteem. 3. Due to sex and levels of self-esteem, the influences of variables were found differently.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.398-405
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relationships among the perceptions and practice of taegyo (a traditional set of practices and beliefs related to healthy fetal development) and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women. Methods: The participants were 136 pregnant women who visited a public health center or maternity hospital for prenatal care. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of varience, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS version 22.0. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was $32.24{\pm}3.99$ years. The mean scores for perceptions of taegyo, practice of taegyo, and maternal-fetal attachment were $3.96{\pm}0.53$, $3.74{\pm}0.64$, and $3.94{\pm}0.49$, respectively. Perceptions of taegyo were significantly correlated with the practice of taegyo (r=.72, p<.001), and maternal-fetal attachment (r=.55, p<.001). A significant correlation was also found between the practice of taegyo and maternal-fetal attachment (r=.65, p<.001). Conclusion: Perceptions of taegyo affected the practice of taegyo, and had a positive effect on maternal-fetal attachment. These findings suggest that primary care nurses at hospitals and public health centers should provide nursing intervention programs to improve the perceptions of taegyo, the practice of taegyo, and maternal-fetal attachment.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2005

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between state anxiety and maternal fetal attachment of unmarried mothers in a welfare center. Methods: The subjects were 25 unmarried mothers in a welfare center. The data was collected through personal interviews using a questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were the modified Spielberger's state anxiety inventory and Cranley's Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. Data was analyzed descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, t-test and the pearson correlation coefficient with the SPSS computer program. Results: The age of the subjects ranged from 15 to 25, and their average age was 20.0. The mean score of state anxiety was 58.2. There was significant difference in the degree of maternal state anxiety between the group whose pregnancy was known by their family and the group whose pregnancy was hidden. The group whose pregnancy was known showed a low state anxiety score. There was a significant difference in the degree of maternal state anxiety by the gestational period. The group who were in the second and third gestational trimester showed lower state anxiety score than in the first trimester. The mean score of maternal-fetal attachment(MFA) was 64.9. There were significant differences in the degree of maternal fetal attachment, by an ultrasound scan experience. The most frequently practiced attachment item was "I think the fetus is able to feel(mean 3.8)". Unmarried mothers degree of state anxiety showed a negative correlation with the degree of maternal fetal attachment(r=-.25), but there was no significant difference between the two variables. Conclusions: The unmarried mothers made an effort in striving to reduce their high state anxiety and to enhance maternal fetal attachment. They also realize how to take care of their state anxiety.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.9 s.211
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• pp.109-127
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• 2005

The present study examined the relationships among maternal attachment, self-concept, peer relationship, and school adjustment. The subjects were 293 Korean-Chinese elementary school students living in Yanji and Shenyang, China. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987), Social Competence Inventory(Doh & Falbo, 1999), and Self-Perception Profile for Adolesents(Harter, 1988) were used to measure the subjects' maternal attachment, and peer relationship, school adjustment, and self-concept, respectively. When structural equation modeling was applied, the results supported not only the model that maternal attachment and self-concept exert an influence on peer relationship, but also the model that they exert an influence on school adjustment. The results of this study suggest that the secure maternal attachment of Korean-Chinese works as an important mechanism that explains their peer relationship and adjustment at elementary school.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2002

Providing visual information about the fetus to the mother by the ultrasound examination was found to be an effective nursing intervention to promote Maternal-Fetal Attachment. In keeping with the purpose of the study, to evaluate the effect of providing visual information by ultrasound on level of Maternal-Fetal Attachment, a non-equivalent experimental group quasi-experimental design was used. The data were collected using Cranley's Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale(1981) with a research questionnaire that consisted of 16 items on general characteristics and 23 items on Maternal-Fetal Attachment from November 2, 2000 to August 11, 2001. Subjects were 126 pregnant women who were received visual information by ultrasound and 123 pregnant women who did not receive visual information by ultrasound after finishing examination. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS/PC+ window 10.0 version program. The results of this study were as follows: There was no statistical difference in general characteristics between both groups. The scores on Maternal-Fetal Attachment at second trimester show no statistical difference (t=1.123, p=0.263). The scores on Maternal-Fetal Attachment in both groups increased between the second trimester and third trimester. However, the increase was greater in the group receiving visual information by ultrasound as compared to the group which did not receive the visual information(t=-2.152, p=0.032). This result shows that providing visual information about the fetus by the ultrasound examination is effective in increasing Maternal-Fetal Attachment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.60-68
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy on postpartum blues and maternal attachment of puerperal women. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The participants were puerperal women who agreed to participate in this study and through a convenience sampling, 60 puerperal women were recruited (30 in the experimental group, 30 in the control group). After measuring postpartum blues and maternal attachment, music therapy was provided to the experimental group over 40 min, once a day, and for 8 days. Then, postpartum blues and maternal attachment for the experimental and control group were measured again on the 8th day. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 Program. Results: The first hypothesis that "the degree of postpartum blues for the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be lower than that of the control group" was accepted (t=4.350, p<.001). The second hypothesis that "the degree of maternal attachment of the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be higher than that of the control group" was accepted (t=4.828, p<.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that music therapy has positive influences on decreasing postpartum blues and increasing maternal attachment of puerperal women.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy on postpartum stress and maternal attachment of puerperal women. Methods: The participants were puerperal women who agreed to participate in this study and through a convenience sampling, 84 puerperal women were recruited (40 in the experimental group, 44 in the control group). After measuring postpartum stress and maternal attachment, music therapy was provided to the experimental group over 60min, three times a week, and for 2 weeks. Then, postpartum stress and maternal attachment for the experimental and control group were measured again before discharge. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The first hypothesis that "the degree of postpartum stress for the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be lower than that of the control group" was accepted. The second hypothesis that "the degree of maternal attachment the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be higher than that of the control group" was accepted. Conclusion: These findings indicate that music therapy has positive influences on decreasing postpartum stress and increasing maternal attachment of puerperal women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.949-956
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Kangaroo Care(KC) on anxiety, maternal role confidence, and maternal infant attachment of mothers who delivered preterm infants. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest. Data was collected from September 1. 2006 to June 20. 2007. The participants were 22 mothers in the experimental group and 21 in the control group. KC was applied three times per day, for a total of ten times in 4 days to the experimental group. Results: The degree of anxiety was statistically significantly different between the two groups but maternal role confidence and maternal infant attachment was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: This data suggests that KC was effective for mothers anxiety relief but it was not effective for maternal role confidence and maternal infant attachment of mothers. The implications for nursing practice and directions for future research need to be discussed.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was done to develop a program to promote maternal role confidence and maternal attachment for mothers of premature infants and to evaluate the effects in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: This program was developed through a literature review and validation of an expert group, and tested with 60 preterm infants (experimental group 30, control group 30) in a NICU in South Korea. Data were collected from December 2017 to March 2018 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2-test$ and Fisher's exact test with the SPSS/Win statistical program. Results: Maternal role confidence for the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group (t=3.22, p=.002). Maternal attachment in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group (t=2.30, p=.025). Conclusion: The program developed in this study should be effective in promoting maternal role confidence and maternal attachment in mothers of premature infants.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.337-349
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• 2024

The aim of this study was to explore the mediating effects of adult attachment and marital satisfaction on the relationship between childhood maternal attachment and parenting behavior. A total of 372 mothers of preschoolers completed questionnaires on childhood maternal attachment, adult attachment, marital satisfaction, and parenting behavior. Adult attachment was analyzed by distinguishing between attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance. Parenting behavior was categorized into positive and negative behaviors. For the main analyses, Preacher and Hayes's PROCESS macro program was used to examine serial mediating effects. The results revealed that attachment anxiety mediated the effects of mothers' childhood attachment experiences on both positive and negative parenting behavior. However, attachment avoidance only mediated the effects on positive parenting behavior. Marital satisfaction mediated the effects of mothers' childhood attachment experiences on both positive and negative parenting behavior. Notably, the sequential mediating effects of attachment anxiety and marital satisfaction were not significant for either positive or negative parenting behavior. By contrast, the sequential mediating effects of attachment avoidance and marital satisfaction were significant for both positive and negative parenting behavior. These findings elucidate the predictive factors for parenting behavior within a process model framework, providing valuable insights for parental education and counseling aimed at enhancing mothers' parenting practices.