• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.429-440
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• 2010

HS-SPME-GC/MS was studied and optimized for the determination of 17 orgarnophosphorous pesiticides (OPPs: chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, demeton-s-methyl, diazinon, dimethoate, EPN, fenitrothion, fenthion, malathion, methidathion, monocrotophos, parathion, phenthoate, phosphamidon, sulfotep, terbufos, triazophos) in blood. Optimum SPME parameters were selected: choice of SPME fiber (85 ${\mu}m$ polyacrylate), pH effect (0.5 N HCl), salt effect ($Na_2SO_4$, 0.2 g; 20%), headspace incubation temperature ($80^{\circ}C$), headspace incubation time (1 min), headspace adsorption time (30 min) and GC desorption time (2 min). These parameters were optimized using HS-SPME autosampler coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Method validation was carried out in terms of linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ) and recovery in blood. The assay was linear over 0.5~5.0 mg/l ($r^2$=0.955~1.000). Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) in blood were determined 0.03~0.3 mg/l (S/N=3) and 0.1~1.1 mg/l (S/N=10), respectively. Relative recovery with 0.5, 1 and 5 mg/l (in blood) were 90.8%, 98.5% and 94.1%, respectively. This method will be applied to the determination of the orgarnophosphorous pesticides in postmortem blood. The proposed protocol can be an attractive alternative to be used in routine toxicological analysis.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2015

The almost of Web page has been gathered the personal information(Korean resident registration number, name, cell-phone number, home telephone number, E-mail address, home address, etc.) using the membership and log-in. The all most user of Web page are concerned for gathering of the personal information. I-pin is the alternative means of resident registration number and has been used during the last ten-year period in the internet. The accident of I-pin mass illegal issue was happened by hacker at February, 2015. In this paper, we analysis the problems of I-pin system about I-pin mass illegal issue accident and propose a improvement method of it. First, I-pin issue must be processed by the off-line of face certification in spite of user's inconvenience. Second, I-pin use must be made up through second certification of password or OTP. The third, the notification of I-pin use must be sent to the user by the text messaging service of cell-phone or the E-mail. The forth, I-pin must be used an alternative means of Korean resident registration number in Internet. The methods can reduce the problems of I-pin system.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.463-466
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• 2006

During Mid October of 2005 a mass mortality of the corals occurred surrounding Con Dao Islands (South Vietnam) where is the recognized as one of the most famous marine parks of Vietnam. Results from the field survey in October 2005 showed that the mass mortality of corals and benthos focused only on the North-West of the islands whereas there was almost no death recorded in the South - East parts. Based on field data it was assumed that an overlap between high water temperature ($>30^{\circ}C$) and low salinity (<25%o) during short term was the impact causing the situation. In this paper, we try to explain this phenomenon based on the hydrographical view together with analyzing ocean colour images. A coral bleaching warning system also is proposed for Condao site.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.488-490
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• 2010

Lymphangiosarcoma was described in a 2-year-old male Miniature Poodle. A 5 cm by 3 cm slightly elevated tan ventral abdominal mass was surgically removed with a wide margin and submitted for diagnosis. The mass has being grown rapidly during the last six months. On histopathology, the mass was composed of anastomosing channels or empty spaces which were free of red blood cells and lined by flat to plump pleomorphic neoplastic cells. The neoplastic channels or spaces were invasive into the surrounding fat and muscle tissues. Mild perivascular lymphocytic infiltration was also noted. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive to vimentin and Factor VIII. Based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, the tumor was diagnosed as lymphangiosarcoma. Recurrence or metastasis was not noted so far after surgery.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.46-51
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• 1999

Mass concrete structures have many critical points in service. The cracks caused by the heat of hydration is the most serious problem, so that many method ot control cracks(precooling, postcooling, etc) have been applied to construction. But cooling methods take high cost and many installation and limits of field. Therefore it is useful to use the low heat hydration cements for low cost. This paper describes the characteristics of a low heat cement mixing the ternary components of cement(portland cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash) recently developed for mass concrete, belite cement, low heat slag cement(belite base) and fly ash cement (belite base). The objective of this paper is to study on low heat cement about initial compressive strength and hydration heat.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.179-183
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the level of medical care required for mass-gatherings and to describe the types of illness and injury that may occur during demonstrations. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records for patients injured during demonstrations. Results: From May to August at 2008, a total of 932,000 participants attended demonstrations. Most patients were occurred from June to July, a total of 126 patients were evaluated and treated at the emergency center of our hospital. The mean patient age was $31.8{\pm}9.8$ years, and men predominated over women. The vast majority of patients were experienced trauma (88.9%). The diagnostic categories were contusion (49.2%), laceration (20.6%), fracture (6.3%), syncope/dizziness (5.5%), ocular injuries (3.9%), dyspnea (3.9%), other trauma (3.1%), and abdominal complaints (1.5%). Two patients were admitted. Conclusion: The rate and the acuity of patients seen at these demonstrations was low. Nevertheless, a full on-site physician and transportation system is recommended during similar incidents.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.245-248
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• 2017

At the time of visiting, the cat was 6-year-old female Siamese cat. The mammary mass was solid and firm and measured $2{\times}5cm^2$ in greatest diameter. The uterus revealed thick uterine horn and cross sectioned wall. Histopathologically, the mammary mass revealed feline mammary carcinoma. In the uterus, cystic endometrial hyperplasia was observed. Feline leukemia virus positive reaction was detected by polymerase chain reaction. As far as we know, this is the first report of the simultaneous feline mammary carcinoma and uterine endometrial cystic hyperplasia with Feline leukemia virus infection in a cat.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 1983

The loading condition, of a ship, especially a multi-purpose cargo carrier, in service, is often changed. Then, the prediction of natural frequency changes is necessary to provide measures for prevention of ship vibrations. In this paper a simplified method for the above purpose is presented. The bases of the method are analytical solutions for the lateral vibrations of uniform Timoshenko beams carrying a concentrated mass and the Dunkerley's formula. In this method a ship in the standard ballast condition is reduced to a uniform Timoshenko beam having same system parameters as those of the midship section. To investigate the validity of the proposed method, numerical calculations are carried out for a 46,000 DWT bulk carrier and compared with detailed calculations based on the finite difference method. Even in cases those the cargoes in a hold, length of which is about 13% of the ship's length, are reduced to a concentrated mass, the proposed method gives results of several percent differences from the detailed calculations up to the six-noded mode.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.700-705
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• 2009

In this study, the volatile compounds in 9 commercial fermented soybean pastes were extracted and analyzed by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. A total of 63 volatile components, including 21 esters, 7 alcohols, 7 acids, 8 pyrazines, 5 volatile phenols, 3 ketones, 6 aldehydes, and 6 miscellaneous compounds, were identified. Esters, acids, and pyrazines were the largest groups among the quantified volatiles. About 50% of the total quantified volatile material was contributed by 5 compounds in 9 soybean paste samples; ethyl hexadecanoate, acetic acid, butanoic acid, 2/3-methyl butanoic acid, and tetramethyl-pyrazine. Three samples (CJW, SIN, and HAE) made by Aspergillus oryzae inoculation showed similar volatile patterns as shown in principal component analyses to GC-MS data sets, which showed higher levels in ethyl esters and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. Traditional fermented soybean pastes showed overall higher levels in pyrazines and acids contents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2001

An image exists in the thought of every subjective person and it exercises its influence over everything, having a great power in the real world. An positive image of the nurse has an influence on her faith, value and confidence, therefore increasing her job satisfaction, helping to upgrade her level of profession of nursing through qualitative nursing service as a result, considering the necessity of such an image when it comes to improvement of the profession, the confirmation of the image is indispensable to its evaluation of a speciality in nursing. This study is intended to help that improvement of the nursing profession in the present so that the total effort in every field of nursing is made and to offer basic material for developing a strategy to improve the image of nurses. This study is designed to investigate such an image descriptively. The subjects include 105 nurses, 60 doctors, 68 office workers, 88 medical engineers, 127 patients and there protectors with a total of 448 adapted with accidental sampling, who work at Y and W general hospital in Chonju. The measuring instrument consists of 40 question, with the researcher amended and made from on of Inja Song(1993), Donsoon Lee(1995), Ilsim yang(1998), and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient is .95. Data were collected from March 1 2000 to March 20, 2000 using self-reported questionnairs, analyzed with SPSS WIN 7.5 after encoding. The results are as follows: 1. Most of the subjects thinks the nursing as a hard, stressful, always busy job(more than 75%), and consider nurses as good-looking, supportive and responsible to co-workers to above average degree($50.0{\sim}74.9%$), especially it shows the idea that nursing is independently academic job and has come to fasten itself upon the public. But it shows below the everage($25.0%{\sim}49.9%$) in regard to self development as a specialist, affection for there job, an association activity, service to the community, high intelligence level and direct given patient nursing service. It also rated low as a recommendable job, independently nursing accomplishment, social position. 2. The nurses, patients and there protectors expressed more positive opinions than doctors, medical engineers, office workers about the image of the nurse(F=18.80, p=.00). This fact indicates that the former group evaluated the image similarly contrary to lowness of the latter. 3. In the study on what influenced upon the image, it defines to 79.8% by direct contact in the hospital or acquaintance with nurses, and 16.3% by mass media. 67.3% answered that they saw the image in a new light through hospitalization, which suggests an important source for the image management originates from caring for the quality of nursing service. Considering the evaluation of the image above, we need strategies to lead a unique professional knowledge and technological development, insurance of professional self-determination, high social position, participation in group activities, dedication to lifetime job, in order that nursing comes to expand as a professional occupation. Also, as for generating more positive images, we must take the quality of nursing service into account and offer and monitor correct information about the expanded role and function of the nurse continuously so that mass media reflect a more accurate image of nurses in general.