• 한국양식학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1991

This is a review of the studies on aquaculture and its environments in Jinhae Bay, one of the most productive areas in the south coastal waters in Korea, carried out since 1960's. It's content consists of describing the outlines of, (1) a brief history of shellfish culture development and the study of oceanic environments relating to the aquaculture, (2) the oceanographic studies on the eutrophication, red tides, and the mass mortality of shellfish due to pollution and (3) the studies on forecasting aquaculture and oceanographic conditions, and on the direction of aquacultural oceanographic studies in the near future.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2023

Heloniopsis orientalis (Liliaceae) is an important horticultural crop native to Korea. Under natural conditions, germination is poor and plant growth is delayed. Therefore, we have developed a vegetative propagation method to produce plants with vigorous growth characteristics via tissue culture. The regenerated shoots were then initiated directly from leaf explants on an MS medium containing either 0.5 to 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D or 1.0 to 3.0 mg/L BA. Healthy plantlets with adventitious roots were formed on the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA (81%). BA triggered callus initiation without caulogenesis or rhizogenesis, and callus formation was better on the half-strength MS medium than on the full-strength medium. This in vitro propagation protocol will be useful for conservation, as well as for mass propagation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.197-200
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• 2007

식물세포배양으로부터 paclitaxel을 효율적으로 대량추출하기 위한 추출액의 여과 및 농축 조건을 최적화하였다. 메탄올을 이용한 biomass 추출물을 여과할 경우, biomass 대비 6% (w/w) 여과보조제인 규조토를 첨가할 경우 여과시간 단축에 가장 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 규조토 6% (w/w) 첨가를 통하여 1회 biomass 추출물 여과 시 4.2%, 2회 추출물 여과 시 30.3%, 3회 추출물 여과 시 22.8%, 4회 추출물 여과 시 19.0%의 여과시간 단축 효과를 각각 얻을 수 있었다. 여과액의 농축은 paclitaxel 순도 및 수율을 고려할 때 rotary evaporator의 bath 온도를 50$^{\circ}C$ 이하로 운전하는 것이 바람직하였으며, 이때 농축액의 온도는 증발잠열 때문에 실제 bath의 온도보다는 상당히 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 여과액의 농축 완료 시점은 paclitaxel 순도, 수율, 농축시간, 액-액 추출에서의 상 분리 시간 등을 고려할 때 농축액의 비중이 0.95에서 종료하는 것이 가장 적당함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1222-1228
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• 2006

Two kinds of Haematococcus pluvialis cells (green vegetative cells cultivated under optimal cell culture conditions and red cyst cells maintained under high light stress conditions to induce astaxanthin production) were used to investigate the protein expression profiles by two-dimensional electrophoresis, image analysis, and peptide mass fingerprinting. The cellular accumulation of astaxanthin was evident after exposure to high light intensity and reached the maximum cellular level after 78 h of high light stress. In a 2-D electrophoresis analysis, 22 proteins were upregulated over 2-fold in the red cyst cells when compared with the green vegetative cells and selected for further analysis by chemically assisted fragmentation (CAF)-MALDI-TOF sequencing to identify the protein functions. Among 22 different spots, several key enzymes specific to the carotenoid pathway, including isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (IPP) and lycopene $\beta$-cyclase, appeared in H. pluvialis after exposure to high light intensity. Therefore, IPP and lycopene $\beta$-cyclase would appear to be involved with carotenoid accumulation in the cytoplasm, as these peptides were preferentially upregulated by high light intensity preceding an increase in carotenoid, and only these forms were detected in the red cyst cells.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.89-91
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• 2000

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds are highly carcinogenic chemicals and common groundwater contaminants that are observed to persist in soils. The adherence and slow release of PAHs in soil is an obstacle to remediation and complicates the assessment of cleanup standards and risks. Biological degradation of PAHs in soil has been an area of active research because biological treatment may be less costly than conventional pumping technologies or excavation and thermal treatment. Biological degradation also offers the advantage to transform PAHs into non-toxic products such as biomass and carbon dioxide. Ample evidence exists for aerobic biodegradation of PAHs and many bacteria capable of degrading PAHs have been isolated and characterized. However, the microbial degradation of PAHs in sediments is impaired due to the anaerobic conditions that result from the typically high oxygen demand of the organic material present in the soil, the low solubility of oxygen in water, and the slow mass transfer of oxygen from overlying water to the soil environment. For these reasons, anaerobic microbial degradation technologies could help alleviate sediment PAH contamination and offer significant advantages for cost-efficient in-situ treatment. But very little is known about the potential for anaerobic degradation of PAHs in field soils. The objectives of this research were to assess: (1) the potential for biodegradation of PAH in field aged soils under denitrification conditions, (2) to assess the potential for biodegradation of naphthalene in soil microcosms under denitrifying conditions, and (3) to assess for the existence of microorganisms in field sediments capable of degrading naphthalene via denitrification. Two kinds of soils were used in this research: Harbor Point sediment (HPS-2) and Milwaukee Harbor sediment (MHS). Results presented in this seminar indicate possible degradation of PAHs in soil under denitrifying conditions. During the two months of anaerobic degradation, total PAH removal was modest probably due to both the low availability of the PAHs and competition with other more easily degradable sources of carbon in the sediments. For both Harbor Point sediment (HPS-2) and Milwaukee Harbor sediment (MHS), PAH reduction was confined to 3- and 4-ring PAHs. Comparing PAH reductions during two months of aerobic and anaerobic biotreatment of MHS, it was found that extent of PAHreduction for anaerobic treatment was compatible with that for aerobic treatment. Interestingly, removal of PAHs from sediment particle classes (by size and density) followed similar trends for aerobic and anaerobic treatment of MHS. The majority of the PAHs removed during biotreatment came from the clay/silt fraction. In an earlier study it was shown that PAHs associated with the clay/silt fraction in MHS were more available than PAHs associated with coal-derived fraction. Therefore, although total PAH reductions were small, the removal of PAHs from the more easily available sediment fraction (clay/silt) may result in a significant environmental benefit owing to a reduction in total PAH bioavailability. By using naphthalene as a model PAH compound, biodegradation of naphthalene under denitrifying condition was assessed in microcosms containing MHS. Naphthalene spiked into MHS was degraded below detection limit within 20 days with the accompanying reduction of nitrate. With repeated addition of naphthalene and nitrate, naphthalene degradation under nitrate reducing conditions was stable over one month. Nitrite, one of the intermediates of denitrification was detected during the incubation. Also the denitrification activity of the enrichment culture from MHS slurries was verified by monitoring the production of nitrogen gas in solid fluorescence denitrification medium. Microorganisms capable of degrading naphthalene via denitrification were isolated from this enrichment culture.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2013

소나무잔나비버섯(Fomitopsis pinicola MKACC 54347)의 균사체로부터 endoglucanase를 생산하기 위한 최적 배양조건을 조사하였다. 복합배지 중 MSM이 가장 높은 endoglucanase 활성을 나타내었으며, MSM의 성분과 농도를 각각 2.0% CMC, 2.0% yeast extract, 0.2% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.03% $MnSO_4$ 및 0.3% trace metal 용액으로 첨가하였을 때 효소활성이 가장 우수하였다. 따라서 F. pinicola로부터 endoglucanase를 생산하기 위한 최적 배지조건은 2.0% CMC, 2.0% yeast extract, 0.2% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.03% $MnSO_4$ 및 0.3% trace metal 용액이다. 이상의 배지를 사용하여 배양온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 8일 동안 배양하였을 때 최대로 효소 활성이 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. CMC를 기질로 사용한 activity staining의 결과를 통해 F. pinicola 균사체의 endoglucanase 활성여부를 확인할 수 있었으며 그 분자량이 43-70 kDa 임을 확인하였고, 배양액 중의 효소활성의 최적 pH와 온도는 각각 pH 5.0과 $55^{\circ}C$인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제90권2호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2001

제주 자생 왕벚나무 동아에서 분화된 줄기를 이용하여 대량증식 하고자 기내배양조건을 구명하였다. 다섯 종류의 배지에서 모두 양호한 생장을 하여 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 sucrose가 첨가되지 않은 배지에서는 생장이 매우 저조하였다. BAP와 $GA_3$를 여러 농도로 처리한 결과 BAP 처리구에서 평균 3.5~9.5개의 줄기가 유도되었다. 그러나 BAP의 농도가 높아질수록 줄기의 길이생장은 저조하였다. $GA_3$ 단독 처리구에서는 줄기가 발생하지 않았으나 BAP와 혼용처리 하였을 때 BAP 단독 처리구보다 더 많은 줄기가 발생하였으며, 길이 생장도 양호하였다. 그 중 BAP $0.5mg/{\ell}$와 $GA_3$ $4.0mg/{\ell}$ 조합에서 가장 많은 줄기가 발생하였다. 배양기간이 경과할수록 줄기형성은 많아졌으나 12주간 배양된 줄기는 정단부가 고사하였다. 배양 8주째 양호한 줄기를 다량으로 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2004

목질진흙버섯의 균사생육에 적합한 배지로는 MYA(malt yeast agar)와 SMS(soybean flour malt extract sugar)이며, MYA를 기본배지로 사용하였다. 균사생육은 $30^{\circ}C$의 온도와 pH는 5.0에서 생장이 양호하였다. 영양원으로는 malt extract 2%, yeast extract 0.2%와 $KH_{2}PO_{4}$ 0.1% 상태에서 균사생장 및 밀도가 양호하였다. C/N비는 10 : 1의 비율이 가장 적합하였다. 삼각플라스크배양을 위해서는 용기부피 300 ml Shake flask에 100 ml의 배양액을 넣고 $5{\sim}6$개 균사체 절편을 접종하여 20일간 배양하면 높은 고립상의 균체를 양호하게 증식시킬 수 있었다. 대량 액체종균 배양을 위해 접종원을 균질기로 분쇄하여 통기량 2.0 vvm의 조건에서 12일 배양하면 높은 균사의 생장을 보였고 접종에도 수월하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2022

기존에 사용되는 1차 봉지배양 및 2차 매트생산 배양에 소요되는 기간을 단축시키기 위해 시루송편버섯 균사체에 Co-60 저준위 감마선 200 Gy 24시간 조사로 돌연변이 시킨 ToM 균사체를 활용하여 봉지배양이 생략된 박스 배양법을 시도하였다. 또한, 매트의 품질 및 물성을 강화시키기 위해 균액으로 ammonium nitrate가 3 g/L첨가된 mYMB6을 사용하였고, CaCO₃를 1.5% 함유한 톱밥배지에서 균일한 품질의 균사체 매트 생산이 가능하다는 점을 확인하였으며, 기간 또한 기존의 생산방법과 비교하여 10일 이상 단축할 수 있다. 본 결과는 균사체 기반 친환경 소재 연구에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 1996

For the screening and the development of the new bio-material, cultural conditions for the exo-biopolymer (EBP) production throught the submerged cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium were investigated. Also, the fractionations and the purifications of the exo-biopolymer were carried out and the chemical compositions of the exo-biopolymer were examined. The optimal culture conditions for the exo-biopolymer production were pH 5.0, 30$^{\circ}C$ and 100 rpm of agitation speed in the medium containing of 5% (w/v) glucose, 0.5%(w/v) yeast extract, 0.1% (w/v) ($(NH_4)_2HPO_4$, and 0.05% (w/v) $KH_2PO_4$. In the flask cultivation for 7 days under these conditions, the concentration of the maximum exo-biopolymer and the cell mass were 15.4g/l and 18.8g/l, respectively. The specific growth rate was 0.039 $hr^{-1}$. In addition, the substrate consumption rate, and the exo-biopolymer production rate were 0.043$gg^{-1}$$hr^{-1}$ and 0.025$gg^{-1}$$hr^{-1}$, respectively. The exo-biopolymer was fractionated into BWS (water soluble exo-biopolymer) and BWI (water insoluble exo-biopolymer) by the water extraction, and the sugar contents of two fractions were higher than 97% (based on dry basis). The components sugar of BWS and BWI fractions were glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and fucose. Their molar ratios were 3.6:1.5:2.1:0.5: trace and 2.9:3.1:2.0:1.6:0.3, respectively.