• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 1997

The results of a restricted numerical simulation for the color gradients within globular clusters have been presented. The standard luminosity function of M3 and Salperter's initial mass functions were used to generate model clusters as a fundamental population. Color gradients with the sample clusters for both King and power law cusp models of surface brightness distributions are discussed in the case of using the standard luminosity function. The dependence of color gradients on several parameters for the simulations with Salpter's initial mass functions, such as slope of initial mass functions, cluster ages, metallicities, concentration parameters of King model, and slopes of power law, are also discussed. No significant radial color gradients are shown to the sample clusters which are regenerated by a random number generation technique with various parameters in both of King and power law cusp models of surface brightness distributions. Dynamical mass segregation and stellar evolution of horizontal branch stars and blue stragglers should be included for the general case of model simulations to show the observed radial color gradients within globular clusters.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.49-61
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to understand the new generation's culture and to analyze if the characteristics of their lifestyle is significant for the study of new generation's fashion. The new generation's characteristics of lifestyle can be described as a strong pride of their own self and the life which expresses that pride. To analyze this characteristics connecting it with fashion, it is as follows: -It is the egocentric sensitivity culture. In their fashion, there appears a tendency that sense and individuality are counted much rather than fashion. -Diverse fashion information is gained through the mass media and communication. The sense for fashion is liable to change according to the circumstances and, simulated world is made. -The sense of denial is not shown much to the western lifestyle and way of thinking owning to the international open culture. Their consciousness and favorite of fashion are beyond the border. The new generation showed the unprecedent way of expression, denying the established form, and this is defined as Borderless fashion. The Borderless fashion leads a whole trend of new generation's fashion in the late part of ninties. Two typical trends appear as Genderless look for the individualic group and Romanticism look laying stress on womanliness.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.80
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• pp.40-114
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• 2016

This work critically explores the so-called "Hell-Chosun" phenomenon which has gained much attention and responses in contemporary South Korea. The younger generation came to coin and utilize this new linguistic expression as well as poignant parody as a way of releasing their anger, cynicism, and frustration in the context of the omnipresent fierce competitions, deepening social instability, and job-related shrinking possibilities. The 'Hell-Chosun' phenomenon can be considered as a much complicated manifestation of the structures of feeling for the part of many younger generation South Koreans. This paper especially examines the varying representation of this phenomenon by established dailies through an in-depth textual analysis of newspaper articles, opinion pieces and reviews, as well as special issues. In doing so, this work examines the multiple implications of this particular socio-cultural phenomenon in a detailed and critical fashion.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.410-415
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• 2001

An analytical method has been developed which determines lead in steel samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with sample introduction by the hydride generation. The lead hydride is not stable and requires and oxidant for the oxidation into metastable Pb(IV) before reduction to $PbH_4$ with $NaBH_4$. A study was carried out to find and optimum lead hydride generation condition for a sample solution with more than $1000{\mu}g/mL$ Fe matrix. $K_2Cr_2O_7$ was found to work as an efficient oxidant when more than $10{\mu}g/mL$ Fe matrix was present. Lactic acid was used with the oxidant as a complexing agent of the metastable Pb(IV) to enhance sensitivity. Optimum concentrations of the sample acidity, oxidant and lactic acid were different depending on the matrix concentration. The isotope dilution method was employed for the quantitation of lead. The determined Pb concentrations of the NIST steel SRM 361 and 362 were in good agreement with the certified values within the uncertainty range.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.131-149
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to explore the levels of ethical consumptions and related factors on ethics of undergraduates as consumers. For statistical analysis, Cronbach' ${\alpha}$, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, Pearson co-relationship analysis, and multiple regression analysis with a total of 761 questionnaires were conducted. The research results are summarized as follows. 1. The scores to measure ethical consumptions level of the undergraduates was ranged from 2.66 to 3.64, which were relatively low. 2. The ethical consumptions in the commercial transaction were found to have significant differences according to gender, college years, and religion. The ethical consumptions of current generation were found to have the significant differences depending on their gender, college years, major, parents's education level, monthly allowance, and religion. The ethical consumptions of future generation were found be significantly different based on their gender, college years, mother's education level, father's occupation, monthly household income, and monthly allowance. 3. The major variables affecting the level of the ethical consumptions in the commercial transaction were materialism, social responsibility, idealism and college years. The major variables affecting the level of the ethical consumptions of current generation resulted from social responsibility, frequency contact with the mass media about the ethical consumptions, religions, and materialism. Social responsibility, frequency contact with the mass media about the ethical consumptions, idealism, expenditure, experience about the consumption education and materialism were the factors affecting the level of the ethical consumptions of future generation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2016

Background: Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute is developing a fission product transport module for predicting the behavior of radioactive materials in the primary cooling system of a nuclear power plant as a separate module, which will be connected to a severe accident analysis code, Core Meltdown Progression Accident Simulation Software (COMPASS). Materials and Methods: This fission product transport (COMPASS-FP) module consists of a fission product release model, an aerosol generation model, and an aerosol transport model. In the fission product release model there are three submodels based on empirical correlations, and they are used to simulate the fission product gases release from the reactor core. In the aerosol generation model, the mass conservation law and Raoult's law are applied to the mixture of vapors and droplets of the fission products in a specified control volume to find the generation of the aerosol droplet. In the aerosol transport model, empirical correlations available from the open literature are used to simulate the aerosol removal processes owing to the gravitational settling, inertia impaction, diffusiophoresis, and thermophoresis. Results and Discussion: The COMPASS-FP module was validated against Aerosol Behavior Code Validation and Evaluation (ABCOVE-5) test performed by Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory for comparing the prediction and test data. The comparison results assuming a non-spherical aerosol shape for the suspended aerosol mass concentration showed a good agreement with an error range of about ${\pm}6%$. Conclusion: It was found that the COMPASS-FP module produced the reasonable results of the fission product gases release, the aerosol generation, and the gravitational settling in the aerosol removal processes for ABCOVE-5. However, more validation for other aerosol removal models needs to be performed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.3-9
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• 1996

In this study, comparison of theoretical solutions with experimental results is examined through fracture conditions for the case of float glasses subjected static loading. The range of fracture generation limits and critical penetration energies are solved according to the impactor mass under the high velocity, and analytical method of fracture strength and penetration strength are presented. Also, fracture patterns are investigated according to impact velocities. The results obtained from this study are as follows ; 1) Radial cracks are generated from the loading point regardless of plate thickness in the case of the plate subjected to the static loading. In the case of high-speed impact, dimensions of ring cracks become to smaller and length of radial cracks becomes shorter with the rapidity of impact velocity. 2) Kinetic change volume of collision after/before is constant regardless of velocities over the range of critical penetration velocity. 3) Although the same impact energy is working, the critical penetration energy is increased with the shorter of impactor mass. 4) Although the same impact energy is working, the penetration fracture of lighter Impactor mass is generated more than that of heavier impactor mass, and the impulse of lighter impacter mass appear more than that of heavier impactor mass. Therefore, the penetration fracture in the case of greater impulse is generated earlier regardless of the of the dimensions of Impact loading.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.147-152
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• 2023

The increasing demand for two-dimensional imaging analysis using optical or electronic microscopic techniques has led to an increase in the use of simple one-dimensional and two-dimensional mass spectrometry imaging. Among these imaging methods, secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has the best spatial resolution using a primary ion beam with a relatively insignificant beam diameter. Until recently, SIMS, which uses high-energy primary ion beams, has not been used to analyze molecules. However, owing to the development of cluster ion beams, it has been actively used to analyze various organic molecules from the surface. Researchers and commercial SIMS companies are developing cluster ion beams to analyze biological samples, including amino acids, peptides, and proteins. In this study, a water droplet ion beam for surface analysis was realized. Water droplets ions were generated via electrospraying in a vacuum without desolvation. The generated ions were accelerated at an energy of 10 keV and collided with the target sample, and secondary ion mass spectra were obtained for the generated ions using ToF-SIMS. Thus, the proposed water droplet ion-beam device showed potential applicability as a primary ion beam in SIMS.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.84-99
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• 2005

This is a study about the fashion value of generation y, those who were junior and high school students between 1990 and 2004 in the U. S. This study was mainly based on the street culture and fashion of American teenagers the author observed in New York from 1997 to 2004, and referred to articles carried by major American journals, the result d Census 2000, statistical data reported by well-credited American research institutions. To overview the values generation y applies to their fashion, this study picked 8 principal values generation y pursues in their fashion and put them in four sets of contrasting pairs, as in conformity vs. Individuality, authenticity vs. trendiness, comfort vs. sexuality, rebelliousness vs. conservativeness. The results are as follow. First, when it comes to fashion, generation y desires to be noticed by others, but is afraid d being too different from their peers. Second, generation y stresses authenticity in their fashion. But, they are very much interested in mass fashion trend as well, and the pursuit of authenticity itself can be just a trend. Third, generation y wants their fashion to be "not only sexy and feminine, but also sporty and athletic" all at the same time. Forth, generation y uses fashion to visualize their rebelliousness. But their rebellious spirit is diluting amid the rise of neo-conservatism. As a conclusion, generation y's fashion has changed the way that compromises contrasting values, and in the process, were created unique new styles.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.665-678
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• 2017

In this paper the tuned mass-damper-inerter (TMDI) is considered for passive vibration control and energy harvesting in harmonically excited structures. The TMDI couples the classical tuned mass-damper (TMD) with a grounded inerter: a two-terminal linear device resisting the relative acceleration of its terminals by a constant of proportionality termed inertance. In this manner, the TMD is endowed with additional inertia, beyond the one offered by the attached mass, without any substantial increase to the overall weight. Closed-form analytical expressions for optimal TMDI parameters, stiffness and damping, given attached mass and inertance are derived by application of Den Hartog's tuning approach to suppress the response amplitude of force and base-acceleration excited single-degree-of-freedom structures. It is analytically shown that the TMDI is more effective from a same mass/weight TMD to suppress vibrations close to the natural frequency of the uncontrolled structure, while it is more robust to detuning effects. Moreover, it is shown that the mass amplification effect of the inerter achieves significant weight reduction for a target/predefined level of vibration suppression in a performance-based oriented design approach compared to the classical TMD. Lastly, the potential of using the TMDI for energy harvesting is explored by substituting the dissipative damper with an electromagnetic motor and assuming that the inertance can vary through the use of a flywheel-based inerter device. It is analytically shown that by reducing the inertance, treated as a mass/inertia-related design parameter not considered in conventional TMD-based energy harvesters, the available power for electric generation increases for fixed attached mass/weight, electromechanical damping, and stiffness properties.