• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1992.12a
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• pp.33-66
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• 1992

Recently, waste landfills built on seashores have been increased because of the easy availability of broad area near the urban communities. To evaluate the performance of the marine clay landfill liner numerical contaminant transport analyses are performed by selecting the typical section of a waste landfill built on seashores and using hydraulic conductivity data obtained from the site. Also, the laboratory electrical resistivity test and the in-situ corrosion test are performed in order to analyze the influence of the soil and leachates composing the landfills on the construct ion materials. From the results of contaminant transport analyses, it is shown that the leachates can be migrated faster through narrow pervious channels than the wide homogeneous pervious tedium and the importance of good quality barriers to prevent the contaminant migration is recognized. In the laboratory electrical resistivity test all the earth materials except the cover soils saturated with distilled water have small resistivities, which shows a high potential of corrosivity of soils composing landfills. However, the degree of corrosion of specimens buried in the landfills was not so severe except the zinc and carbon steel specimens. This apparently conflict results present the necessity of the investigation of other major factors and the long term in-situ corrosion test.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.179-187
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• 2010

A costal improvement project is designed for preventing disasters on the coast, improving costal environment, and promoting costal functions, so it is different from the one for developing coasts. However, the costal improvement project also affects the surrounding environment and it may damage the costal environment in some cases. In line with this, this study was carried out to provide the guideline to the review on environmental conditions, which should be performed in the stage of establishing the plan for a costal improvement project, so that the influence affecting marine environment can be reduced and more efficient coastal project can be planned. The costal improvement project is different in the degree of affecting the costal environment according to kinds, scales, and regions. Accordingly, in this study the state of the coastal improvement project and involved problems were analyzed. The prior environmental review system was divided into a seawall-installation project, a marine construction such as the installation of submerged breakwater and jetties, and a project for creating water-friendly coast including a park without marine landfill. The main items for reviewing these specific projects were presented.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.312-331
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• 2019

An offshore waste disposal facility refers to a landfill site for final landfilling of stabilized inorganic solid waste such as land and marine waste incineration materials, and the aim of such a facility is to solve the problem of insufficient waste disposal space on land and create and develop environmentally friendly marine spaces. The purpose of this study is to prepare guidelines for the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities, which reflect the need and importance of paying sufficient heed to environmental considerations from the initial stage of the project, in order to investigate, predict, and assess how such guidelines will affect the marine environment in relation to the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities, with the goal of minimizing the impact on and damage to the environment. For the purpose of this research, guidelines focusing on the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities were derived through an analysis of domestic cases and similar foreign cases and an assessment of their level of compliance with existing EIA guidelines through the operation of a discussion forum. In order to review the EIA report on similar cases in Korea, 17 EIA documents (2005~2016) for dredged soil dumping areas and ash ponds of thermal power plants were analyzed to investigate the status of marine organisms, marine physics, marine water quality, and marine sediment and to understand what types of problems can occur and what improvement measures can be taken. The purpose of these guidelines were to minimize damage to the marine environment by promoting EIA protocols in accordance with scientific and systematic procedures, to reduce the consultation period related to projects, to resolve social conflicts, and to reduce economic costs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.78-84
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• 1997

Batch and column tests were performed to investigate the sorption capacity of bottom soils of Kimpo metropolitan waste landfill. Sorption capacity and sorption isotherm from the batch test for inorganic and heavy metal substances and retardation capacity of heavy metals from the column test are obtained. It was recognized from the tests that the samples match well with Freundlich isotherm and marine clay has good sorption capacity for potassium and heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. The soil samples with different geologic origins did not show significant differences in the sorption capacity of tested components.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.343-346
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• 2002

The chemical compatibility of leachate with the two natural materials was analyzed by performing the hydraulic conductivity test. The selected liner materials were natural marine clay and weathered soil sampled from Kimpo wastefill and Daehwa Dong, Kyonggi Do, respectively. PARAFIX, which is mainly composed of paraffin, cement, stearic acid, PVA etc., was used as solidifying agent. The chemical solutions used in the test were 10% acetic acid, 10% methanol, and real leachate from Kimpo wastefill and the results of tests were compared with that of distilled water. The results of tests show that hydraulic conductivity of solidified clay was increased slightly with permeation of acetic acid, methanol and the increase of hydraulic conductivity was not shown with permeation of leachate, distilled water and in case of weathered soil. Based on the tests, it is ascertained that the tested liner materials can be stable with the solution of low concentration.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.83-97
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• 2018

The ocean is very important to mankind for its infinite value in resource storage and utilization. In shallow coastal waters, landfill as well as pollution damage occurs frequently for the promotion of important public and private projects that are the driving forces of national development. In this case, compensation paid for the loss or damage of fishing rights acquired by the fishing community shall be distributed to each individual of the fishing community in accordance with the appropriate balance. In reality, as fishing communities in different sectors coexist, the voting rights of the general meeting of fishing communities are ignored as a minority, and the demand for the rights is ignored by the majority. Many other industries receive fish compensation, even though they have not suffered much damage. As a result serious conflicts between the individuals of the fishing community have caused social problems. Therefore, similar cases are investigated and analyzed to provide a reasonable solution.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

In this study, it was studied recycled soils with bentonite-polymer mixture in order to design economic landfill instead of clay liner. Recycled soil was used as SP, a sandy soil with 90.58% sand and 1.88% silt and clay. The recycled soils were mixed with 4%, 6%, and 8% bentonite by weight, and then compared with samples mixed with 2%, 3%, and 4% bentonite by weight in marine clay. Recycled soil satisfied the permeability criteria at 8%, and clay soil satisfied at 3%. In order to make a sample that satisfies the standard of the waste landfill, a permeability test was conducted by mixing 0.16%, 0.24%, and 0.28% of the polymer in a sample having 4% bentonite mixing ratio. The unconfined compression strength test was carried out at the same mixing ratio to confirm that the specification was satisfied. As the bentonite mixture ratio increased, the permeability coefficient and unconfined compression strength decreased. The strength in polymer mixing increased initially and then maintained a constant value. At 4% bentonite mixing ratio and 0.28% polymer mixing ratio, the coefficient of permeability was 1.0×10^-7 cm/sec or less, and the unconfined compression strength was over 500 kPa. It was confirmed that it can be used as a mixed liner material of waste landfills.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.2 s.25
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• pp.107-113
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• 2006

Water treatment plant sludge occurred in sedimentation and inverse wash process is generally disposed by ocean dumping or reclamation after dehydration processing using mechanical or natural dry method. Recently, ocean dumping of sludge is limited actually by London Convention. Physical, chemical, and geotechnical characteristics of water treatment plant sludge were analyzed by experiments. The possibilities for recycling of the dehydration sludges as materials for covering sanitary landfill were examined. Experiments performed with sludges mixed with general soil to improved the sludge properties are the hydrometer analysis, the liquid and plastic limit test, the specific gravity test, the compaction test, and the unconfined compression test. The value of ${\gamma}_{dmax}$ is increased and OMC(Optimum Moisture Content) is lessened with mixed sludge. The value of maximum compressive strength and friction angle are increased and the cohesion is decreased with mixed sludge. The ratio between sludge and soil in mixed sludge was 3:7 and the strength of mixed sludge showed $3.6kg/cm^2$. These results satisfy the regulation of U.S. E.P.A regarding materials for covering sanitary landfill.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

In this paper I tried to find out changed and improved streetscape through the simulation using components of streetscape abstracted by factor analysis after analyzing present situation and problems of the streetscape for housing developments prepared on publis water surface. An analysis object is located in Haeundae Marine City in Busan. As a result of analysing the streetscape of marine city at present, I could see that main problems were discontinuous street space that did not reflect the characteristic of seashore, uncomfortable and insecure passage owing to coexistence street at seashore, insufficient street facilities for pedestrians, and disordered outdoor signboards. Therefore, I put the causal problems of marine city's streetscape in the insufficient street components, disharmony, and discontinuity so analysed the simulation elements applying selected street components and evaluated them to deduce demand factors having common meaning. As the result, the common demand factors were 'street furniture', 'harmonious streetscape with surrounding', 'landscape with natural openness', and 'landscape with dynamic symbol' in the order. So it needs to stress on a plan for proper arrangement of 'street facilities' and symbolic streetscape having continuity and harmony with surrounding so that the plan can proceed more properly for marine city's identity.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.610-615
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• 2001

Over 800 thousand tons per year (TPY) agricultural biowastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, sugarcane leaf, rice straw, rice husk and corn leaf, are produced in Taiwan. These biomasses are the major types of agricultural wastes and are abundantly available. However, these biowastes cause disposal and landfill problems. Ossification ashes of the agricultural biowastes containing 70-95 % amorphous silica would make the utilization system of agricultural biowaste ashes become highly economically and environmentally attractive. Experimentally, high crystallinity (99%$^{+}$) zeolites ZSM-5 and ZSM-48 synthesized from the reaction mixtures containing a silica source from ashes of these biowastes gasification were investigated. Tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) and 1,6-diamino-hexane (C$_{6}$ DN) were used as structure-directing agents in syntheses of ZSM-5 and ZSM-48, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) data indicated that ZSM-5 or ZSM-48 with a high crystallinity can be obtained within 48 hours of crystallization in the high pressure (15-20 atm) autoclave at 393-473 K. The Si/Al ratios of synthetic zeolite products were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and induced couple plasma/mass spectroscopy (ICP/MS). It was observed that the ZSM-5 crystals a.e composed of hexagonal rod-shaped crystals with typically 8-13 пm in size by SEM. In addition, ZSM-48 crystalline materials are composed of spherical aggregates of needle-shaped or rod-like crystals with typically 2-3 пm in diameter and 6-8 пm in length.h.