• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.232-241
• /
• 1998

Fatty acid compositions of 35 species of marine invertebrates (13 species of Bivalvia, 10 species of Gastropoda, 4 species of Cephalopoda, 4 species of Crustacea, 2 species of Ascidacea, 2 species of Holothuroidea) were studied using gas-liquid chromatography. Total lipids in all samples were very low, ranging from $0.24\%$ to $1.96\%$. The prominent fatty acids were 16:0, 20:5 (n-3), 22:6 (n-3), 18:0, 16:1 (n-7), 20:4 (n-6), 18:1 (n-9) and 18:1 (n-7) in the majority of marine invertebrates. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was the richest fatty acid group in all invertebrates, accounting for $55.3\pm6.70\%$ of total fatty acids (TFA), followed by saturated $(26.2\pm4.33\%)$ and monounsaturated fatty acid $(18.5\pm5.87\% )$. No correlation was found between total lipid content and each fatty acid group. Cephalopoda contained the highest level of n-3 PUFA $(54.6\pm5.17\%)$, while Holothuroidea and Gastropoda contained the lowest level of n-3 PUFA, accounting for $26.5\pm4.44\%$ and $28.4\pm4.04\%$, respectively. Bivalvia and Ascidacea are plankton feeders, which were rich in 20:5 (n-3) and 22:6 (n-3). Carnivorous species of Cephalopoda were prominently rich in 22:6 (n-3), ranging from $26.7\%$ to $46.1\%$ of the TFA. However, some species of Gastropoda are seaweed feeder (herbivorous), which contained high level of 20:4 (n-6) compared to plankton feeder and carnivorous species. In addition, blue and red colored sea cucumbers, and turban shells with and without apophyses belong to the same species, but they live in different habitats. These organisms were found to have different fatty acid compositions. Therefore, fatty acid compositions of these invertebrates might be affected by their different environments, particularly their diet.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.832-838
• /
• 2007

A novel inhibitory protein against blood coagulation factor Va (FVa) was purified from muscle protein of granulated ark (Tegillarca granosa, order Arcoida, marine bivalvia) by consecutive FPLC method using anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. In the results of ESI-QTOF tandem mass analysis and database research, it was revealed that the purified T. granosa anticoagulant protein (TGAP) has 7.7 kDa of molecular mass and its partial sequence, HTHLQRAPHPNALGYHGK, has a high identity (64%) with serine/threonine kinase derived from Rhodopirellula baltica (order Planctomycetales, marine bacteria). TGAP could potently prolong thrombin time (TT), corresponding to inhibition of thrombin (FIIa) formation. Specific factor inhibitory assay showed that TGAP inhibits FVa among the major components of prothrombinase complex. In vitro assay for direct-binding affinity using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrometer indicated that TGAP could be directly bound with FVa. In addition, the binding affinity of FVa to FII was decreased by addition of TGAP in dose-dependant manner ($IC_{50}$ value = 77.9 nM). These results illustrated that TGAP might interact with a heavy chain of FVa ($FVa_H$) bound to FII in prothrombin complex. The present study elucidated that non-cytotoxic T. granosa anticoagulant protein (TGAP) bound to FVa can prolong blood coagulation time by inhibiting conversion of FII to FIIa in blood coagulation cascade. In addition, TGAP did not significantly (P < 0.05) show fibrinolytic activity and cytotoxicity on venous endothelial cell line (ECV 304).

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.21-33
• /
• 2016

Gametogenesis of the comb pen shell, Atrina pectinata (Linnaeus, 1767) (Bivalvia: Pinnidae) on the southern coast of Ulleungdo Island, Korea was assessed monthly (November 2013 to October 2014) using histology. Gametogenesis commenced in January when the surface water temperature was $12.6^{\circ}C$ and pen shells evidenced an early development phase with small oogonia from January to April, although few females exhibited ripe eggs in their follicular epithelium. In April, the oocyte diameter increased rapidly, and fully mature eggs appeared in May. First spawning males and females were observed in June as the surface water temperature reached $19.3^{\circ}C$ and July ($23.2^{\circ}C$) respectively. The spawning activity continued until the end of September. Histology indicated that the spawning peak of the females in Ulleungdo Island was July to August. During October to January, most of the pen shells were in spent and resting stages. Our data suggested that A. pectinata is a summer spawner, and their annual gametogenesis is closely associated with the seasonal variation in the surface water temperature. The present study is the first provided fundamental information on the life history of A. pectinata in Ulleungdo Island, and this can be put to good use in the management of this pen shell in the study area.

• 한국패류학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.329-333
• /
• 2016

The bivalve Malleus regula ($Forssk{\aa}l$ in Niebuhr, 1775) is reported for the first time from Korea. This is the second species of Malleidae reported from this country. Since the species is quite variable, comparisons were made with the original description and descriptions in the literature; some taxonomic comments were also made. Global warming and possible changes in the northward-flowing Tsushima Current may account for the addition of new mollusk species to the island's fauna.

• 한국패류학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2011

This study examines the morphological features of larval and postlarval shells of the paedomorphic bivalve Crenella decussata Montagu, 1808 from the Sea of Japan. During the early morphogenesis of the shell of C. decussata the following characteristics appear: prodissoconch I -the anterior and posterior provincular teeth, a broad primary ligament pit located on the chondrophore; nepioconch - the anterior and posterior juvenile teeth,primary lateral teeth, fine commarginal and radial sculpture. Larvae of C. decussata distinctly differ from other mytilid larvae by a D-shaped shell, absence of umbo, astraight hinge margin, and homogeneous fine-grained sculpture without co-marginal lines of growth. These shell characters indicate lecithotrophic development of this species. Some morphostructures are revealed which might be used in crenellin taxonomy.

• 한국패류학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.135-138
• /
• 2014

We report two new records Korean marine bivalves. The new record species are Siliqua albida (Adams & Reeve, 1850) and Macoma (Macoma) middendorffi Dall, 1884. As a result, the family Pharidae in Korea turned out to be 8 species of 4 genera and Tellinidae are 37 species of 15 genera.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2005

The gametogenesis of the surf clam, Tresus keenae, were investigated by SEM and TEM. Both the testis and the ovary had follicle tubes surrounded by inter-tubal tissue composed of adipogranular cells that provided storage function. In the vitellogenic oocyte, lipid droplets and lipid yolk granules were found in the vacuoles formed by the Golgi apparatus. Proteid yolk granules were formed by the endoplasmic reticulum and cortical granules in the cytoplasm during vitellogenesis. The mature sperm was primitive and resembled a jar with a cover. The sperm heads were approximately $2.00-2.30 {\cal}um$. The acrosomal rod projected in front of the acrosome. In addition, four large mitochondria were in the midpiece.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2004

Growth pattern of the soft clam (Mya arenaria oonogei) was estimated based on samples collected from the Yeongsan River estuary on the southwest coast of Korea between August 1996 and September 1997. Mean density of the clam during study period was $55\;ind./m^2$ and varied monthly from 281 to $8\;ind./m^2.$ The clams from the study area ranged in age from one year to seven years, with shell lengths between 40.4 mm and 104.1 mm and biomass between 8.4 and 152.3 g in total wet weight. The spawing season was estimated to occur between September and October based upon a reduced fatness index, an indication of spawning, during these months. Burial depths increased with growth of the clams and most were found buried between 10 and 20 cm in the sediments. Significant relationships were found between shell length and shell height (SH), total wet weight, (TWt), meat wet weight (MWt), meat dry weight (DWt), ash free dry weight (AFDW) and burial depth. The von Bertalanffy growth equations of the clams were $L_t(mm)=138.98(1-e^{-0.1325(t+0.8853)})\;and\;W_t\;(gTWt)=325.93\;(1-e^{0.1325(t+0.8853)})^{2.6982}.$ These equations suggest that in their first year the clams should reach 31 mm in length with a biomass of 5.7 g in total wet weight.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국어업기술학회 2003년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
• /
• pp.250-251
• /
• 2003

Biochemical and biometric features of eggs of the Washington clam, Saxidomus purpuratus, are reported in this study. In addition, a polyclonal antibody against the purified clam egg was employed to quantitative assessment of eggs of the clams collected from Geoje Island, Korea in May 2002. Mean egg diameter was 70.81 $\pm$ 7.52 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$(histological preparation) or 88.56 $\pm$ 11.31 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$(purified oocytes), and individual egg weighed 95 ng in dry weigt. (omitted)

• 환경생물
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.297-305
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 갯벌을 이용하는 민꽃게(Charybdis japonica) 개체군의 섭식생태를 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 표본 채집을 위한 현장조사는 1999년 11월부터 2001년 1월까지 매월별로 변형된 오타트롤(modified otter trawl)을 이용하여 실시하였다. 섭식특성 파악을 위한 위내용물 분석은 총 273개체를 대상으로 하였다. 위내용물 분석 결과, 본 종의 주된 먹이생물은 절지동물문 갑각류의 게류 (Brachyura), 만각류 (Cirripedia), 저서성 요각류(Harpacticoid copepoda), 극피동물문의 거미불가사리류(Ophiuroidea) 및 연체동물문의 이매패류(Bivalvia)와 두족류 (Cephalopoda) 등이었다. 민꽃게의 생물학적 특성(성 성숙에 이르는 정도)을 기초로 성장에 따른 먹이생물의 변화를 파악하기 위하여 2개의 크기군(${\leq}60mm$와 ${\geq}61mm$ 갑폭)으로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 소형 크기 개체는 중형저서동물인 저서성 요각류를, 중 대형 크기 개체는 이매패류와 게류를 주된 먹이원으로 하였다. 이상에서와 같이 생물학적 특성으로 구분된 2개의 크기군에 따라 먹이생물의 조성에는 차이가 있었고, 이것은 성장에 따라 점차적으로 먹이습성이 변화함을 시사하는 것으로 판단할 수 있었다.