• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.423-433
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• 2010

The presence of musculoskeletal burden tasks and work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) at Industrial workers was not well-known until 2000 in Korea. Since The Occupational Safety & Health Law was registered a business of proprietor duty in preventing work-related MSDs of workers In July of 2003 WMSDs became a big issue in Korea. A social previous interest was focused on the manufacturing industry just like auto and shipping industry in manufacturing sectors but nowadays it is spreading out to non-manufacturing fields gradually. Nevertheless, we have WMSD prevention Law and System in Korea to reduce WMSDs effectively and systematically we recognized some mistakes and problems of WMSD Law and System. In this paper we study these recent problems in Korea from about 10 years experience and proposed some proposals as discussion.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2008

This paper aims at identifying the factors that have influenced changes in the level of industrial $CO_2$ emissions. By means of complete decomposition method the observed changes are analyzed into five different factors: output level, energy intensity, energy mix and structural change and utility use. The application study refers to the manufacturing sectors in Korea. Moreover, this paper discusses the relationship between Korea's manufacturing $CO_2$ emission and economic growth (as measured by GDP), investigating whether economic growth is decoupling from $CO_2$ emission.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

In this study, the current state of the plastics industry has been examined. The direction of development and innovation is reviewed and commented. The technical statuses of various sectors such as thermoplastic resin, composite material, mold engineering, and simulation have been scrutinized. In addition, the industrial status of each sector has been reviewed. Then, the challenges that the plastics manufacturing industry has to deal with have been discussed. Especially, the situation in Republic of Korea has been elaborated in detail. Based on the discussion, an open innovation strategy has been suggested. It has been argued in this work that the open innovation strategy will enables efficient funding and development by avoiding resource consuming rent seeking.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

The paper aims to examine the impact of exports on the growth of Vietnamese manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by exploring the information of 36,053 enterprises across 24 manufacturing sectors from the Vietnam Annual Enterprise Survey (VAES) in the period 2014-2019. To deal with the problem of variable variance, autocorrelation, and endogeneity of the model, the paper uses the OLS regression method with a strong standard error method and system GMM. Export participation by SMEs is positively associated with business growth in terms of sales and total assets, according to the findings. The GMM estimate shows that the rate of sales growth among exporters is 36.5 percent greater than that of non-exporting enterprises in the case of the sales growth measure. Exporters' average total asset growth rate is 19% greater than the rate estimated for non-exporting businesses. The study's findings indicate the need of adopting policies that promote SMEs in transition economies like Vietnam to engage in exporting activities. Furthermore, the findings show that financial assistance and suitable ownership would enable SMEs to take advantage of export opportunities to increase sales and total assets.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 2021

This paper was reclassified industries related to the 4th industrial revolution into manufacturing, information and communication services, finance and insurance services, and science and technology services by comparing the industry association table with the Korean standard industry classification. And the economic ripple effect was analyzed by exogenizing the four sectors of the industry using a demand-driven model. The wholesale and retail and product brokerage services were measured to be large in the manufacturing, information communication services, and science technology service sector according as a result of analysis of the production inducement effect, added value inducement effect, and employment inducement effect. And the financial and insurance services were analyzed to be large in the financial and insurance services sector. The import inducement effect was analyzed to be the largest in all sectors of the fourth industry. As a result of the forward and backward linkage effect, it was confirmed that the manufacturing and the information communication services sector were the intermediate primary production type sensitive to economic fluctuations. Also it was confirmed that the financial and insurance services and the science technology services sector were the final primary production type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.120-128
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• 2022

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a basic component in the electronics industry and are widely used in nearly all electronic products, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, and digital cameras, as well as in electric equipment. PCB manufacturing involves the use of many chemicals and chemical processes and therefore has more risks than other manufacturing sectors. This study aims to identify the causes of possible accidents during PCB manufacturing through risk assessment, develop and implement safety measures, and evaluate the effectiveness of these measures. Note that the safety measures developed to mitigate the risks of a certain process were also implemented for other similar processes. The risk assessments conducted over seven years, from 2015 to 2021, at a PCB manufacturing company identified 361 hazardous processes. Between 2016 and 2019, 41-56 hazardous processes were identified per year; such processes decreased to fewer than 20 per year after 2020. Application of the risk assessment results to the improvement of the hazardous processes with the similar characteristics seems to be effective in decreasing the risks. Equipment-related factors such as lack of appropriate maintenance, low work standards, and defective protection devices were responsible for 59.8% of all possible accidents. Because PCB manufacturing involves many chemicals, skin contact with hazardous substances, electric shock, fire, and explosion were the most common types of possible accidents (81.7%). In total, 505 safety measures were implemented, including 157 related to purchase and improvement of equipment and devices for safety (31.1%), 147 related to the installation/modification of fire prevention facilities (29.1%), and 69 related to the use of standard electrical appliances (13.7%). Risk assessment conducted after implementing the safety measures showed that these measures significantly decreased risk; 247 processes (68.4%) had a risk level of 3, corresponding to "very low," and 114 processes (31.6%) showed a risk level of 4, corresponding to "low." In particular, risk assessment of 104 processes with risk scores of 12 and 10 other processes with risk score of 16 showed that the risk decreased to 4 after implementing the safety measures. Thus, implementing these measures in similar manufacturing sectors that involve chemical processes can mitigate risk.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 2016

In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of R&D investment efficiency and operational efficiency of IT firms using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We categorized thirteen sample firms into two groups-IT manufacturing and IT service-after an extensive literature review on IT industry classification. We adopted an output-oriented two-stage DEA model suggested by Banker et al. (1984) with total asset and R&D investment as input variables. Then, we constructed investment efficiency and operational efficiency by using Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Asset (ROA) as intervening variables and operating income and Earnings Per Share (EPS) as output variables. The outcome of the analysis is summarized as follows. First of all, IT manufacturing firms were more efficient (57% on average) than IT service firms. To be specific, IT service firms showed decreasing returns to scale (DRS) with diseconomy of scale. In contrast, IT service firms showed higher operational efficiency (81.5% on average) than IT manufacturing firms. Also, we conducted a Mann-Whitney U test to compare the output of IT service firms and IT manufacturing firms. Lastly, we found a negative correlation ($R^2$ = -.754) between R&D investment efficiency and operational efficiency which infers the trade-off between two constructs

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2017

Purpose It is a major goal to improve the product yields during production operations in the manufacturing industry. Therefore, factory is trying to keep the good quality materials and proper production resources, also find the proper condition of facilities and manufacturing environment for yields improvement. Design/methodology/approach We propose the hybrid framework to analyze to dataset extracted from MES. Those data is about the alarm information generated from equipment, both measurement and equipment process value from production and cycle/pitch time measured from production data these covered products during production. We adapt a data warehousing techniques for organizing dataset, a logistic regression for finding out the significant factors, and a association analysis for drawing the rules which affect the product yields. And then we validate the framework by applying the real data generated from the discrete process in secondary cell battery manufacturing. Findings This paper deals with challenges to apply the full potential of modeling and simulation within CPPS(Cyber-Physical Production System) and Smart Factory implementation. The framework is being applied in one of the most advanced and complex industrial sectors like semiconductor, display, and automotive industry.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-38
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• 2021

The paper examines the role of the informal sector on innovation activities of urban formal manufacturing enterprises in India. It provides empirical evidence on firm-level linkages between formal and informal sectors by using the World Bank Enterprise Survey, 2013-14 and the Innovation Follow-up survey, 2014. Primarily, the paper aims to examine the effect of informal sector competition on innovation in urban formal manufacturing enterprises in India. Secondly, the paper analyses the mediation effect of informal sector competition on innovations in the urban manufacturing enterprises. It determines the direct and indirect influence of business regulations and constraints on innovation outcomes through the mediation effect of informal sector competition by using the SEM "Structural Equation Modeling" guidelines. The econometric results show that informal sector competition has a negative effect on the introduction of product innovations while industry-level informal sector competition has a positive effect on product innovation through the local knowledge spillovers from the informal to the formal sector. However, the informal sector competition was found to have no significant effect on the probability of introducing process innovations. Further, the results show the inhibitive role of informal sector competition on innovation in urban formal manufacturing enterprises is more severe for firms with heavy regulatory burdens and is relatively weakened in firms with resource constraints. This suggests that the informal sector plays an important role in the NIS (National Innovation System) in India.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.455-455
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• 2021

The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as an environmental impact assessment tool has received increasing attention over the years. Unlike the water footprint (WF) and carbon footprint (CF) assessments whose focus is only on a single environmental aspect, the LCA systematically analyzes the different impacts along the entire life cycle, making possible the identification of potential environmental tradeoffs. In Korea, LCA has drawn much attention from both industry and academia since the mid-90s. However, the level of Korea-related LCA studies with respect to different sectors in the past 20 years has not been analyzed. This study, therefore, sought to assess the status of environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies in Korea, with a view to understanding the current level of sustainability reporting and identify potential research gaps. Online searches of English written articles published between 2000 and 2019 were conducted on Google, Google scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the Keywords "life cycle assessment", "lca", and "Korea." At the end of the search, about 88 LCA related studies were identified for Korea within the study period. Majority of these studies focused on the construction (49%) and energy (31%) sectors with fewer environmental studies on the transportation (9%), manufacturing (8%), agriculture (2%), and information and communication (1%) industries. Based on publication trend, results show that LCA studies in Korea have been on the rise in the past 20 years, even though the number of publications has not followed a constant pace. In comparison with the economic sectors of the country, reports show an inadequacy in the coverage of major industries of growing economic relevance like the tourism, health, and agriculture, suggesting a need to further increase and improve LCA related studies in these sectors.