• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.423-437
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• 2008

Until comparatively lately, the annual time series of the $SO_2$ concentration had been shown in a decreasing trend in Ulsan as well as other Korean cities. However, the high concentration of $SO_2$ was frequently found in the specific countermeasure region including the national industrial complex such as Mipo and Onsan in the Ulsan city for the period of $2001{\sim}2004$. There are many conditions that can influence the high concentration of $SO_2$ at monitoring sites in Ulsan, such as: First, annual usage of the fuel including sulfur increased in comparison with the year before in spite of the fuel conversion policy which wants to use low sulfur oil less than 3% and LNG. Second, point source, such as the power plants and the petroleum and chemistry stacks, was the biggest contributor in $SO_2$ emission, as a analyzed result of both the air quality modeling and the stack tole-monitoring system (TMS) data. And third, the air pollutants that occurred in processes of homing and manufacturing of the fuel including sulfur were transported slow into a special monitoring site by accumulating along the frontal area of see-breeze. It was concluded that Ulsan's current environmental policy together with control methods should be changed into the regulation on total amount of emission, including a market-based emission trading with calculating of atmospheric environmental critical loads, for the $SO_2$ reduction like the specific countermeasure for the $O_3$ and PM10 reduction in the Seoul metropolitan area. And this change should be started in the big point sources of $1{\sim}3$ species because they are big contributors of Ulsan's $SO_2$ pollution. Especially it is necessary to revitalize of the self-regulation environmental management. Other control methods for sustaining the $SO_2$ reduction are as follows: maintenance of the fuel conversion policy, reinforcement of the regional stationary source emission standard, and enlargement of the stack TMS.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2011

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic materials commonly used for rice culture on the soil chemical properties and yield and quality of rice. Treatments were applied on the surface layer after rice planting and included: A) Kumsugangsangold, commonly used as a nutrient source for organic rice culture in Chonnam province (compost I), B) Rice bran, containing large quantities of vegetable ingredient (compost II), C) Chamdalkom, manufacturing by-product fish (compost III), and D) Hangawi, mixing anmimal and vegetable ingredients (compost IV). Seasonal N-mineralization rate was faster on the compost I and III with lower C:N ratio than those of the compost II and IV. Soil chemiceal properties were not significantly affected by treatments. Seasonal organic matter was higher on the compost II and IV with high input of the organic materials than those of compost I and III, which would affect the level of biomass C. Higher rice yield treated by compost I was observed in year 1, but no significant difference was observed in years 2 and 3.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.627-635
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• 2010

This study was performed to determine the optimal manufacturing conditions of cookies prepared with Hizikia fusiformis. The variables in Hizikia fusiformis cookies production were the amounts of Hizikia fusiformis powder, butter, and sugar. Six sensory characteristics were used for sensory evaluations, including color, appearance, taste, brittleness, hardness, and overall acceptability. The optimal amounts of the three variables were found to be 6.00 g for Hizikia fusiformis powder, 100.00 g for butter, and 70.00 g for sugar against flour powder 200 g, which satisfies a target sensory score (7.0/9.0) according to the response surface method. Cookies with these optimal amounts of Hizikia fusiformis powder, butter, and sugar were tasted by 114 consumers and showed a high acceptability score (7.21). Females preferred the flavor of Hizikia fusiformis significantly more than males did (p<0.05). Older consumers (${\geq}30$ years old) scored significantly higher than younger consumers (${\leq}29$ years old) in texture (p<0.05). Spread ratio and hardness scores of Hizikia fusiformis cookies were lower than those of control cookies. Color analysis results of Hizikia fusiformis cookies were significantly lower in brightness and redness, and higher in yellowness than control cookies (p<0.01).

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.68-73
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• 2007

In an effort to improve the quality of malt syrup, Chlorella, ginseng steamed red, green tea, and aloe powder were added to malt syrup. Glucose, maltose, and maltotriose concentration was assessed for each sample, as well as the L(lightness), a(redness), and b(yellowness) values and the sensory test. The glucose content in the control, Chlorella, ginseng streamed red, green tea, and aloe powder was 7.39%, 7.35%, 7.25%, 8.87% and 7.43%, respectively. Whereas, the maltose content was 68.10%, 60.46%, 68.32%, 67.88% and 70.46%, respectively. In addition, maltotriose content was 21.12%, 20.51%, 20.30%, 22.14% and 21.72%, respectively. Moreover, the L value in control, Chlorella, ginseng streamed red, green tea, aloe was 72.44, 22.93, 23.34, 23.56, 19.64 respectively. The value was -1.55, -1.77, -0.20, -0.40, -0.44, respectively and lastly, the b value was 22.81, 8.72, 4.00, 6.57, 6.44, respectively. The sensory evaluation test revealed that malt syrup with added ginseng streamed red powder showed the best sensory scores.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.645-658
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• 2004

To investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid added diet feeding on CLA accumulation and quality characteristics of manufactured press ham using CLA accwnulated pork loin meat. The CLA used to add in diet was chemically synthesized by alkaline isomerization method with com oil. Pigs were divided into 5 treatment groups(4 pigs/group) and subjected to one of five treatment diets(0, 1.25% CLA for 2weeks, 2.5% CLA for 2weeks, 1.25% CLA for 4weeks and 2.5% CLA for 4weeks, CLA diets; total fed diets) before slaughter. Pork loin were collected from the animals(110kg body weight) slaughtering at the commercial slaughter house. Manufacture press ham using CLA accumulated pork loin meat were vacuum packaged and then stored during 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4$^{\circ}C$. Samples were analyzed for general compositions, physico-chemical properties(pH, color, shear force value), TBARS. pH value of CLA treatment(T4) was increased significantly than that of oontrol(P<0.05). pH of control and CLA treatments were increased significantly as the storage period passed(P< 0.05). Crude fat content of CLA treatment groups was significantly higher than the control pork (P<0.05). Meat color(CIE $L^*$, $a^*$$b^*$

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.603-616
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• 2007

Roy Huddle, having invented the coated particle in Harwell 1957, stated in the early 1970s that we know now everything about particles and coatings and should be going over to deal with other problems. This was on the occasion of the Dragon fuel performance information meeting London 1973: How wrong a genius be! It took until 1978 that really good particles were made in Germany, then during the Japanese HTTR production in the 1990s and finally the Chinese 2000-2001 campaign for HTR-10. Here, we present a review of history and present status. Today, good fuel is measured by different standards from the seventies: where $9*10^{-4}$ initial free heavy metal fraction was typical for early AVR carbide fuel and $3*10^{-4}$ initial free heavy metal fraction was acceptable for oxide fuel in THTR, we insist on values more than an order of magnitude below this value today. Half a percent of particle failure at the end-of-irradiation, another ancient standard, is not even acceptable today, even for the most severe accidents. While legislation and licensing has not changed, one of the reasons we insist on these improvements is the preference for passive systems rather than active controls of earlier times. After renewed HTGR interest, we are reporting about the start of new or reactivated coated particle work in several parts of the world, considering the aspects of designs/ traditional and new materials, manufacturing technologies/ quality control quality assurance, irradiation and accident performance, modeling and performance predictions, and fuel cycle aspects and spent fuel treatment. In very general terms, the coated particle should be strong, reliable, retentive, and affordable. These properties have to be quantified and will be eventually optimized for a specific application system. Results obtained so far indicate that the same particle can be used for steam cycle applications with $700-750^{\circ}C$ helium coolant gas exit, for gas turbine applications at $850-900^{\circ}C$ and for process heat/hydrogen generation applications with $950^{\circ}C$ outlet temperatures. There is a clear set of standards for modem high quality fuel in terms of low levels of heavy metal contamination, manufacture-induced particle defects during fuel body and fuel element making, irradiation/accident induced particle failures and limits on fission product release from intact particles. While gas-cooled reactor design is still open-ended with blocks for the prismatic and spherical fuel elements for the pebble-bed design, there is near worldwide agreement on high quality fuel: a $500{\mu}m$ diameter $UO_2$ kernel of 10% enrichment is surrounded by a $100{\mu}m$ thick sacrificial buffer layer to be followed by a dense inner pyrocarbon layer, a high quality silicon carbide layer of $35{\mu}m$ thickness and theoretical density and another outer pyrocarbon layer. Good performance has been demonstrated both under operational and under accident conditions, i.e. to 10% FIMA and maximum $1600^{\circ}C$ afterwards. And it is the wide-ranging demonstration experience that makes this particle superior. Recommendations are made for further work: 1. Generation of data for presently manufactured materials, e.g. SiC strength and strength distribution, PyC creep and shrinkage and many more material data sets. 2. Renewed start of irradiation and accident testing of modem coated particle fuel. 3. Analysis of existing and newly created data with a view to demonstrate satisfactory performance at burnups beyond 10% FIMA and complete fission product retention even in accidents that go beyond $1600^{\circ}C$ for a short period of time. This work should proceed at both national and international level.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.363-375
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• 2016

Potentilla kleiniana is a perennial herb beloning to Rosaceae family. Herein we investigated the effect of light intensity, light quality and chemical elicitor on plant growth and the accumulation of bioactive compounds in P. kleiniana. After 60 days of cultivation under different shading level [0% (200 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹), 35% (95 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹), 55% (65 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹), 75% (40 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹)] in the greenhouse, chlorophyll and carotenoid content were the highest under 35% treatment, however, plant height, leaf number and biomass were the highest under non-shading. As a result of cultivation among strong light condition as a control, florescence and three mixture light sources [red:white:blue (RWB) = 8:1:1, red:blue (RB) = 8:2, red:green:blue (RGB) = 8:1:1] as treatments in plant growth chamber (25 ± 2℃, 185 ± 3 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹), growth, biomass, chlorophyll content low difference between total phenolic compouds and flavonoid content were higher under RWB treatment. DPPH radical elimination ability was the highest under all treatments especially florescence and RGB treatment except control. As a result of treating chemical elicitor [salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA)] concentration (0, 50, 100, 200 μM) respectively, plant height, petiole diameter and biomass were higher under non-treatment, MeJA 50 μM. It was investigated that fresh weight and dry weight under MeJA 50 μM treatment were especially a little high. Total phenolic compounds and flavonoid content of SA 50 μM treatment was the highest but DPPH radical elimination ability was significantly the highest under MeJA 200 μM (88.65%) and MeJA 50 μM (87.84%) treatment. Thus, this study suggested that we determined optimal shading and light quality in the greenhouse and plant growth chamber also confirmed bioactive compound content, antioxidant ratio increase according to different chemical elicitation concentration.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.1 s.49
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• pp.103-121
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• 1995

An investigation on psychophysiological health and social well-being of shift workers been carried out on workers of a automobile manufacturing plant in Ulsan, for 1 month from April, 1993. This cross-sectional survey compared shift workers(n=544) with day workers(n=115). Each subject completed a questionnaire about his personal habit, background, shift schedule, sleep and eating patterns, subjective digestive symptom and psychological well-being and distress using the General Well-Being Schedule(GWB) by self administrated questionnaire that was developed for the U.S. Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (HANES I). Chi-square analysis was used for discontinuous data and the t-test was used for continous data to determine whether differences noted between the two groups. In terms of sleep quality, a greater percentage of shift workers frequently had trouble getting back to sleep once awakend(p<0.01), and a greater percentage of shift workers awakend tired or sleepy frequently more often than day workers(p<0.05). In rating the quality of their sleep, more shift workers rated their sleep fair to poor than day workers, and greater percentage of shift workers felt tired or sleepy at work two or more times per week(p<0.01) and a much higher percentage of shift workers felt tired or sleepy after work every days(p<0.01). In terms of sleep patterns, a much higher percentage of day workers reported uninterrupted sleep per 24hours than shift workers. The shift workers reported different eating patterns from day workers but there were no statistically significant and rate of their appetite. Thirteen percent of day workers reported the best appetite but only 6.6% of shift workers had the best appetite. The gastric complaints is more frequent in shift workers than day workers(p<0.01). Among subscores in General Well-Being Schedule, anxiety, depression, positive well-being and vitality subscale of shift workers were lower than those of day workers(p<0.05) and general health and self control subscale of shift workers were lower than .those of day workers but there were no statistical significant difference. Based on these study result, it could be concluded that the shift work has significant effects on some psychophysiological conditions of the workers.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2002.01a
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• pp.86-106
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• 2002

Informatization is a process that corporation's external environmental factors and internal environmental factors influence as complex. is a phenomenon that appears via this process. To evaluate that informatization was propeled well or informatization level is high can be dangerous work extremely by only once-over-lightly some factors, organization information ability is superior or infrastructure is constructed well. Therefore, an evaluation for industrial information systems that consider corporation's external environment and internal environment configurationally and objective estimation through this is required in national dimension. This research sorted types of business using types of business classification of 2001 EIII(Evaluation Indices of Industrial Informatization) laying stress on corporation's product and product production process for reflecting various industrial classification. And we are dividing whole our country corporations by manufacture industry, the construction industry, distribution industry, service industry, banking industry 5 types of business. To see such classed types industry classification from consistent viewpoint, we saw them within new framework, purchase, operation, physical distribution, marketing and sale. service etc. laying stress on primary businesses except support businesses of planning, financial management etc. To draw special quality of business center from primary business of each types of business, we draw industry classification Key Capability that centers when plans corporation's corporate strategy and information strategy. And we deducted industrial classification key production business connected with industry classification Key Capability. After drawing an evaluation items for industrial information systems in informatization analysis viewpoint laying stress on drawn businesses. Finally we did Case Study by making out an evaluation for industrial information systems questionnaire that considers special quality of manufacturing industry. Through EIII that consider the industrial classification, we could know that it explains the corporation's purchase, production, distribution in general and detail.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.101-105
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• 2011

Purpose: Estradiol in the menstrual cycle and ovulation induction as an important test of currently national nuclear medicine laboratory in the normal patients and patients with infertility tests are being performed. For the diagnosis of menopause is an important test with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH). Currently participating in external quality control of the nation's hospitals that is 54 percent of 37 hospitals, 20 hospitals have been using A's reagent. The kit's test results are highly different from other kit comes with the test results of specimens have been found. And for the phenomenon is to study the problem. Materials and Methods: Estraiol test were referred to our hospital which results of samples as more than 100pg/ml 75 specimens measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA) test with company A company B company C company D Kit, Chemiluminescent assay (CMIA) to examine and compare to the results from april to August in 2010. Results: Kit for each manufacturing company as measured by the results obtained using the average value of the correlation coefficient (R2) and A company 0.8906 B 0.9527 C 0.9547 and D company correlation coefficient of 0.873 showed a good correlation that measuring the results of A company high concentrations when Company B Company C Company D with CMIA test concentrations measured low results that the two cases were discovered specimens. Conclusion: Most of the test results of 75 samples came up with a similar trend, but two cases were reported in the patients very differently. A company result reported higher than 700 pg/ml, while the rest of other test results report was approximately 10 pg/ml. The common point of two samples more than 50 years patients are estimated to be diagnosed with cancer in postmenopausal patients receiving treatment and levels of FSH were found to be greater than 50 mIU/ml. Did not identify the exact cause. I suggest if you are using A company kit that need to again check when Estradiol result and follicle stimulating hormone results is higher.