• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the correlation between thoracolumbar junction and back-su points, Hwatahyeopcheok points for treatment of low back pain in the thoracolumbar junction syndrome that was suggested by Maigne R. Method : We Investigate the acupuncture points that was correlated with the location of thoracolumbar junction area. And We tried to find out a common point between thoracolumbar junction and back-su points, Hwatahyeopcheok points for treatment of low back pain. Results and Conclusion : 1. It is considered that these points such as $BL_{20}$, $BL_{21}$, $BL_{22}$, and Hwatahyeopcheok points that are located from 11th thoraic spinous process to 2nd lumbar spinous process are correspond to the thoracolumbar junction area. 2. It is suggested that acupuncture treatment on $BL_{20}$, $BL_{21}$, $BL_{22}$, and Hwatahyeopcheok points can release the tenderness of the muscles, recover autonomic nervous function and release smooth muscles and vascular contraction, so it can treat low back pain caused by thoracolumbar junction.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2005

암반 불연속면의 조사 및 분석 과정에서 거쳐야할 필수적인 단계 중 하나는 방대한 불연속면 자료로부터 군을 판별하는 것이다. 불연속면 군 분류는 암반분류, 키블록 해석. 개별요소해석 및 불연속연결망 생성과 같은 암반공학적 업무에 있어서 필수적이다. 일반적으로 등고선도를 이용한 수작업 군 분류가 적용되었으나 이 방법은 수작업에 의존한 주관적인 결과를 제공한다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 유전자알고리즘을 이용한 불연속면 군 분석기법을 도입하였으며 방향성 자료에 적용하기 위해 기본적인 유전자알고리즘을 변경하였다. 최종적으로 이러한 이론을 적용한 FORTRAN 프로그램 GAC를 개발하였으며 두 가지 형태의 불연속면 자료의 군 분석에 적용하였다. 적용 결과 GAC를 적용한 군 분류는 빠르고 효율적인 군 분석방법임을 확인하였으며 최적의 불연속면 군 수를 결정하는 데 있어서 분산에 근거한 적합도 함수가 Davis-Bouldin 지수에 근거한 적합도 함수보다 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2017

PURPOSE: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) has been shown to improve body function and activity/participation in people with functional dysfunctions. This study evaluates if active exercise using theraband in PNF pattern may induce similar benefits as exercise using manual PNF pattern performed by physiotherapists on promoting mobility, balance and fear of fall in community-dwelling elderly. METHODS: Twenty-three community-dwelling elderly with independent activities of daily living were recruited and randomly allocated into either PNF group - exercise in PNF pattern by trained physiotherapists or Theraband-PNF (T-PNF) group - exercise using theraband in PNF pattern, for an hour, twice weekly for 4 weeks. Functional outcomes such as Timed Up and Go test, Elderly Mobility Scale, Berg balance scale, functional reach and subjective measures including fear of fall (FOF) scale, bodily pain in visual analogue scale were measured pre and post-program. RESULTS: Twenty-one participants completed the program. PNF group demonstrated significant within-group improvements in all subjective measures and objective measures. Similar within-group improvements were demonstrated in all outcome measures except FOFS in T-PNF group. However, no between-group differences were found in any of the outcome measures. CONCLUSION: Comparable improvements in functional outcomes in community dwelling elderly were demonstrated in both groups. As manual PNF exercise traditionally need clinicians' contact and feedback on patient which limit the training to be carried out extensively in community setting. The current findings suggest that exercise using theraband in PNF pattern is feasible to be adopted as self-practice exercise for community-dwelling elderly to induce beneficial effects on functional outcomes.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권14호
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• pp.83-99
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• 2008

일반적으로 필름에서의 화면 전환은 컷이나 디졸브 등, 화면 전체의 일괄적 전환으로 대표된다. 애니메이션 필름에서는 프레임의 이미지를 하나하나 생성하는 제작 기법의 특수성으로 인해 화면의 다양한 요소들에 전달하고자 하는 감성이나 내러티브적 요소를 부여할 수 있으며 다른 기호적 차원의 표현으로도 전환하는 것이 가능하다. 현대에 이르러 몰핑이나 메타모포시스 등 이미지 조작 기술이 다양화 되고 정교해짐에 따라 연속적 화면 구성은 2D애니메이션만의 고유한 특수성으로 보기 힘들어졌다. 그러나 캐릭터와 배경 즉, 사물과 공간을 너머 관객의 시선을 서로 다른 시각적 차원으로 지속적으로 강렬하게 몰입시키는 것은 2D 수작업 애니메이션의 강한 매력으로 볼 수 있다. 결국 이 같은 특성은 화면 전체의 구성 요소들을 통한 섬세한 은유와 개체들 각각의 함축적 의미 체계의 전달을 가능케 하는 문학적 기능을 가능케 한다. 장면에 관한 해석은 기호적 원근법의 세계와 평면적 조형 세계의 경계를 허물며 보다 다분화 되고 복잡하게 되었다. 이에 애니메이션 필름 화면상 조형 요소의 구성 기준, 그리고 그 활용 효과를 분석하는 것은 현시대의 새로운 몰입 수단을 가진 첨단 영상 화면에 있어서의 분석과 적용에 도움이 되리라고 본다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop position control system of an electric actuator for automatic shuttle shifting of a tractor. The electric actuator was installed at the link of the forward-reverse gearshift of the tractor transmission, and controlled in the ranges of forward, neutral, and reverse positions. The position control system of the electric actuator was developed based on PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) controller and transfer function of the electric actuator. The coefficients of the PID controller were determined by Ziegler-Nichols (Z-N) method and optimized using simulation program. The prototype AMT (Automated Manual Transmission) test unit of the tractor was installed and used to evaluate the performance of the position control. The evaluation system for the control performance consisted of forward-reverse actuator, motor driver, and controller. The tests were conducted as the controlled positions of the actuator were changed from neutral position to forward, neutral, and reverse positions in sequence. The sequential tests were repeated 20 times. The operations of changing the gearshift were considered as the step response of the control system. Maximum overshoot, settling time, and steady-state error were analyzed. The results showed that performance of the position control system was reasonable and qualified. The maximum overshoots, the steady-state errors, and the settling times of the position control system were 10~20%, 1~5%, and 0.92~1.49 sec, respectively. The modifications of the electric actuator will be required to enhance the performance of position control during field operation.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.187-204
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• 2006

기록관리의 가장 궁극적인 목표는 기관의 기능과 활동을 역사로 남기는 것이다. 기관의 활동을 반영하는 많은 기록물들 가운데 어떤 기록물들이 장기적으로 보존할 가치가 있는가를 객관적으로 평가하여 가치 있는 기록물들만을 선별해 내는 것은 기록관리의 핵심이면서도 대단히 어려운 작업이다. 현대기록은 그 양적인 폭증 및 복잡성의 증대, 전자화 현상을 특징으로 하며, 이는 정보화 환경과 맞물려, 기록물의 전생애주기에 걸친 관리, 통제라는 연속체적 개념의 성립을 가져 왔다. 본 연구는 장기보존할 가치가 있는 기록물을 기록물관리 초기 단계에서부터 선별하기 위한 객관적인 가이드 라인으로서 기관의 기능과 조직이라는 거시적인 요소와 개별 기록물의 내용평가(증거적가치)라는 미시적인 요소가 결합된 업무분석적 평가방안을 제안하였다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2002

Parkinson's disease(PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the functioning of the basal ganglia, a brain area that contributes to the control of movement. The disease is caused by the death of nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine, a chemical messenger. The cells affected usually produce a neurotransmitter(a chemical that transmits nerver impulses) called dopamine, which acts with acetylcholine, another neurotransmitter, to fine-tune muscle control. In Parkinson's disease, the level of dopamine relative to acetylcholine is reduced, adversely affecting muscle control. When the supply of dopamine is depleted, the function of the basal ganglia is disrupted and its ability to control movement deteriorates. The result is that PD patients experience moderate rigidity, difficulty in initiating movements and slowness in executing them, and a rhythmical tremor at rest. Although the cause of Parkinson's disease is not known, genetic factors may be involved. About 3 in 10 people with the disorder have an affected family member. About 1 in 100 people over the age of 60 in the US have Parkinson's disease. And Parkinson's disease is slightly more common in men. The course of the disease is variable, but drugs may be the best effective in treating the symptoms and improving quality of life. But, The doctor may arrange physical therapy to help with physical mobility problems. It is important to continue to exercise and take care of your general health. Try to take a walk each day. Stretching exercises can help you maintain your strength and mobility. So, This papers will serve about the information of PD for clinical physical therapist. Finally, The aim of review is increasing approach method and technique for PD patients by the view of physical therapy.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2002

Cervical pain is a rapid increase that is owing to a flexion-extension whiplash injury, unappropriated posture, chronical repetition injury from abdominal position of head and neck, excessive repeating work, chronical deficiency of excercise. Because of that is bring about muscle unbalance, tightness of cervical extensor muscle, weakness of cervical deep flexor muscles, instability of cervical region and reduction of proprioceptive sensor. Recent the role of muscle is more emphasized for preservation of sine stabilization. And cognition of integrated muscular system, importance for the operation and relation is increased to maintain stability of the motor system and pertinent function. Therefore we are going to introduce the sling exercise and stabilization exercise method for advanced efficient of cervical and upper limb and for the muscle strengthening to importance cervical stabilization through neurological program as control the reaction of cervical stabilization. Sling exercise therapy(SET) concept consists of a system of diagnosis and treatment. The system of diagnosis involves testing the muscle's tolerance through progressive loading in open and close kinetic chains. The SET system contains elements such as relaxation, increasing the range of movement, traction, training the stabilizing musculature, sensory-motor exercises, training in open and close kinetic chains, dynamic training of the mobilizing musculature, cardiovascular exercise, group exercise, personal exercise at home Sensory-motor training is an essential element of the SET concept. The emphasis is on closed kinetic chain exercise on an unstable surface, there by achieving optimum stimulation of the sensory-motor apparatus.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

Background: Ground repulsion or impact on the ground during daily activities, sports, or occupational activities may cause injury to the knee when walking. Non-elastic taping is effective in treating these problems in previous studies. Non-elastic taping strengthens the structure of the soft tissues of the injured knee joint to maintain constant tension, improves muscle rearrangement and function, and improves proprioception. Based on previous studies, we intended to see the therapeutic changes of non-elastic taping in patients with patellofemoral joint pain syndrome. Methods: The non-elastic taping application method was applied to the patient three times for five hours for one week. Non-elastic taping was applied to the patellar tendon with little space above the skin segment of the patellar femur, with both sides fixed by taping. Muscle strength and gait change were evaluated with non-elastc taping. Results: The knee flexion, extension strength and gait evaluation of the knee joint with inelastic taping showed significant differences after treatment. There was a significant difference in the comparison between the two groups after the treatment method was applied (p<.05). Conclusion: As a result, this study confirms that the non-elastic taping method applied for the treatment of patellar femoral joint pain syndrome is effective in the treatment.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2006

일본에서 2004년도에 발행된 산림토목 목제구조물 시공 매뉴얼에 실려 있는 산림토목 목제구조물 설계지침은 총설, 목재의 이용과 특성, 조사, 계획 및 설계 등으로 구성되어 있으며, 이 논문에서는 설계 및 시공에 대하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 설계편에는 목재의 사용 환경과 열화, 구조, 수종의 선정, 치수 표시 등의 통일, 안정성과 강도의 검토, 목재의 강도, 목재의 치수의 허용 폭 등에 대하여 제시되어 있다. 또한 시공편에는 목재의 품질 확보, 방부처리 등의 품질 확인, 목제구조물의 기능 확보 방법, 목재열화의 정기적인 조사방법과 정성적인 판정기준 및 정량적인 조사방법 등에 대하여 설명되어 있다.