• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.343-366
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• 1988

Craniofacial complex is influenced by numerical skeletal elements. Though the analysis of growth change has been done by various analytical methods, it was dependent on any method of registration and superimposition, based on reference plane and reference point. However, the craniofacial growth is composed of a number of local growth elements. Therefore, it will be necessary to use a clinically useful method for estimating craniofacial skeletal growth independently. The author analysed longitudinal cephalometric roentgenogram of 15 Korean males and 15 Korean females aged from 6 to 12 years by the finite element method and results were as follows : 1. The finite element method for craniofacial skeletal complex and soft tissue made it possible to analyze the independent local growth. 2. Regression equations from the value of each strain will make it possible to predict the craniofacial growth. 3. The growth of anterior cranial base was different from that of other facial bone. 4. The growth of posterior cranial base influenced the growth of upper pharyngeal region, midfacial region, maxilla and posterior region of mandible. 5. The growth of maxillary complex was vertical rather than horizontal. 6. The growth direction of ramus, mandibular body, alveolar bone was various. 7. The relation between hard tissue and soft tissue by finite element method was variant.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.243-247
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this work is to evaluate a surgical technique for mobilization of mal posed dental implant in anterior area. Methods: A 38-year-old patient consulted our unit for esthetic dissatisfaction with the implant treatment of a central incisor. An implant was observed in 11 and 21, where 11 was 3 mm above the ideal limit, with excessive vestibular angulation. The choice was made to perform a segmental osteotomy and mobilize the bone block and the implant down and forward; a bone block extracted from the mandibular ramus was installed between the implant block and the bed to stabilize the segment. Results: After 4 months, a conventional fixed prosthesis was created and the esthetic result achieved was close to what the patient wanted, with no need for further surgery. The surgical condition was stabilized and maintained for the long-time and no complications how necrosis, infection or bone defects was present. Conclusions: It was concluded that the procedure is efficient, and the biological arguments in favor of the procedure are discussed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.799-802
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• 2007

Purpose: The masserteric space is an important tissue compartment of the face, but a disease in it is difficult to diagnose and treat. The submasseteric abscess is located between the masseter muscle and mandibular ramus with different appearances such as sepsis, infection, or tumor. Especially the common misdiagnosis of submasseteric abscess is acute or chronic parotitis. The purpose of this report is to pay special attention to the possible diagnosis of submasseteric abscess for the symptoms of unilateral cheek swelling and tenderness that accompany marked trismus. Methods: A 11-year-old boy came to our hospital because of facial swelling, tenderness, and trismus in a history of left cheek swelling and toothache. We diagnosed his case as submasseteric abscess by CT scan and surgical intervention was performed. Under general anesthesia, the abscess was opened by the intraoral incision and considerably massive pus was drained. Results: Swelling, tenderness, and trismus became to subside during postoperative 10 days and general condition and vital signs became stable. After 6 months, CT scan showed that both masseteric muscles were symmetric and there was no periosteal reaction of the mandible. Conclusion: In conclusion, submasseteric abscess is a rare infection with the symptoms of cheek tenderness and marked trismus. A detailed medical history and clinical examination of a patient as well as computed tomography(CT) are important tools in the accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment of the submasseteric abscess. Adequate drainage, removal of cause, and antibiotic infusion are the management of choice.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.485-491
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• 2009

Postoperative skeletal stability was evaluated in combination of Le Fort I and U-shaped osteotomies for superior repositioning of maxilla in bi-maxillary surgeries in 30 consecutive patients. The fifteen patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy alone and the other fifteen patients underwent Le Fort I and U-shaped osteotomies. In all patients, the maxilla was first osteomized and fixed with absorbable plates system. A bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) of the mandible was then carried out and fixation was performed using absorbable plates. Maxillo-mandibular fixation with rubber ring was used for two weeks post-operatively in all patients. Lateral cephalograms were obtained pre-operatively, 1 day post-operatively, 6 months after surgery. The changes in anterior nasal spine (ANS), point A, upper incisior (U1), and point of maxillary tuberosity (PMT) were examined. The maxillas in the fifteen patients of both examination group were repositioned nearly in their planned positions during surgery and no significant post-operative changes in the examined points of the maxilla were found. These results suggest that a combination of a Le Fort I and U-shaped osteotomy is a useful technique for reliable superior repositioning of the maxilla. The post-operative change in the maxilla using this combination osteotomy was comparatively stable.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1978

In order to know the variation of the associated craniofacial skeletal angle and linear distance according to the change of gonial angle, the roentgenographic cephalo metric study was undertaken in Korean normal cephalometric analysis and eletric computer. The fallowing results were optained. 1) The size of gonial angle is mainly depend on the lower gonial angle. The mean of upper gonial gngle is almost same in normal occlusion group$^*$ and malocclusion group. 2) It was resulted on normal group and malocclusion group by F test that the number of parameters that were significant at 5% level of confidence were 14 parameters in normal occlusion group and 22 parameters in malocclusion group. 3) Ramus height and mandibular body length increased and facial ratio is decreased as gonial angle decreased. 4) MP-T, overbite depth and Y-axis angle is not related to gonial angle in normal occlusion group, but in moloclusion group, as gonial angle decreased, MP-T and overbite depth is increased and Y-axis angle is decreased. 5) SN-MP, OP-MP, PP-MP is increased as gonial anglel increased, it was mainly depend on the lower gonial angle.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.412-420
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• 1991

Seventeen rigid screw fixation and sixteen nonrigid wire fixation cases of mandibular sagittal slit ramus osteotomy were selected to compare postoperative dental and skeletal changes. A constructed horizontal plane was drawn seven degrees under sella-nasion plane and detailed cephalometirc assessment was applied to serial radiographic films taken before surgery($T_0$), immediately after surgery($T_1$), and at least six months after surgery($T_2$). Linear and angular positional changes were measured and analyzed statistically using paired t-test method and percent of positional changes(amount of post-op change/amount of intra-op change)${\times}100$. The results were as follows; 1. It was 29.4% in rigid fixation cases and 37.5% in nonrigid fixation cases comparing the postoperative positional change of more than 2mm at point B. So rigid fixation method was slightly more stable. 2. In nonrigid fixation cases, the positional change might be caused by incomplete bony union at the osteotomy site and soft tissue tension acting on this site. 3. In rigid fixation cases, the positional change might be caused by interaction between relapse tendency of protracted condyle-proximal segment and neighboring soft tissue tension.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 1982

A cephalometric radiographic cross sectional comparative study was undertaken to investigate craniofacial growth in cleft lip and palate individuals. The material for this study consisted of 43 subjects with operated cleft lip and palate.(29 males, 14 females). The range of age was from 6 years to 12 years. The roentgenocephalometric values of cleft individuals were compared with values of normal individuals reported by Lee. The following conclusions were obtained; 1) The pattern of cranial base of the cleft subjects was almost the same as that previously reported for the normal individuals. 2) Anterio-posterior length of the mandible did not show any significant difference but in the cleft subjects, that of the males was larger than that of the females. 3) The maxilla of the cleft subjects was very retruded and showed very concave profile. 4) Gonial angle of the cleft subjects was very high, especially in the female clefts. 5) The height of ramus was very poor in the cleft subjects. 6) The facial length was almost the same, but the facial depth of the cleft subjects was smaller than that of the normal individuals. 7) Maxillary and mandibular incisors were severely retroclined. 8) The range of values in the cleft subjects was very variable and the female clefts showed more distured growth than the male clefts.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.69-80
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• 1986

This study was undertaken to investigate the inheritance in craniofacial complex among Korean familial members. The subjects were 160 lateral cephalometric radiographs from 45 families. Standard product-moment correlation coefficients(r) were calculated for the measurements between the familial pairings. Further, coefficients of $determination(r^2)$ were calculated and multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the use of parents' record for predicting an offspring's craniofacial features. The following results were obtained. 1. First-degree relatives had a high level of significant correlations which were compatible with a polygenic theory of inheritance than those of non-relatives. 2. Mother-daughter pair had the highest significant correlations, then mother-son and father-son pairs, and, finally, father-daughter pair had the lowest significant correlations. 3. The genetic influence was higher in anterior cranial base length and genial angle. In contrast, the environmental influence was higher in posterior border of ramus, maxillary ant. teeth, maxillary & mandibular apical bases and Gla-P. occ. 4. The predictability of offspring's cranio-facial growth could be improved by using multiple measurements from both parents than those from father or mother only.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.181-187
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• 1993

The osteosarcoma is the most co1t1.mon primary malignant lesion of bone, even so it is relatively rare tumor in the jaw bones. It is derived from undifferentiated mesenchymal elements of bone, which from neoplastic osteoid and osseous tissue. It may affected primarily young adult males and more frequently mandible than maxilla. Mass, swelling and pain are the most presenting symptoms. Radiographic appearance will be sclerotic, in which bone formation is excessive: osteolytic, in which bone destruction predominates: and mixed, in which sclerotic and osteolytic changes are intermingled. We report a case of osteosarcoma on the mandibular ramus area in a 20 years old male with a brief review of the concerned literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.559-565
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount and interrelationship of the soft and hard tissue changes after simultaneous maxillary clockwise rotation and mandibular setback surgery in skeletal class III malocclusion. The sample comprised of 16 adult patients who had anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy. These patients had received presurgical orthodontic treatment and surgical treatment which consisted of Le fort I Osteotomy and bilateral saggital split ramus osteotomy. The presurgical (T1) and postsurgical (T2) lateral cephalograms were evaluated. The computerized statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS/PC program. The results demonstrated a decrease in the vertical dimension in the soft and hard tissue. The nasolabial angle was increased and the mentolabial angle was decreased. The results showed also many statistically significant correlations(p<0.05). The lower lip closely followed the skeletal movement of the B- point in the horizontal plane. The double jaw rotation surgery can afford a good solution to solve the problems of class III malocclusion cases.