• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

Purpose - This study analyzes the effects of types of leadership on the employees of Italian restaurants, its efficacy, and organizational citizenship behavior, utilizing a causal assessment model. In this study, independent variables such as the type of leadership perceived in the manager or chef by an Italian restaurant's employees, and its efficacy were parameters, and the organizational citizenship behavior and organizational effectiveness were the variables representing the results in the hypothesis. The study aimed to draw implications by verifying the leadership via efficacy and the impact on organizational citizenship behavior of Italian restaurants. Research design, data, methodology - For the purpose of this analysis, specific questionnaire items were configured according to the theory and efficacy of the study. From a questionnaire used in organizational citizenship behavior comprising 22 questions, six were modified to suit the research purpose of this study. The configured questionnaire comprised 5 parts and 40 items. A Likert (Likert) 5-point scale was utilized to measure responses to the questionnaire items from the employees of an Italian restaurant in Seoul who participated in the survey. For data collection, 400 questionnaires were distributed, and 344 collected. Factor analysis and reliability verification were conducted using SPSS18.0 and AMOS18.0. A covariance structure analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses. Results - Based on the results of the analyses, the summary and suggested implications of the research are as follows: The covariance structure analysis used to analyze the kind of effect transformational and transactional leadership styles in Italian restaurant employees had on self-efficacy, group-efficacy, and organizational citizenship behavior, indicated that among the characteristics of transformational leadership (such as, idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation), idealized influence and individual consideration had a positive influence on self-efficacy. Idealized influence, individual consideration, conditional reward, and management by exception also positively influenced self-efficacy and altruistic and conscientious behavior (organizational citizenship behavior). Conclusions - Results suggest that with regard to self-efficacy and group efficacy, managers in different departments and chefs should provide team members with a vision for the future, increase their confidence in their abilities, and build their trust in the organization. By evaluating employee performance and experiences, management can demonstrate leadership and encourage organizational citizenship behavior through enjoyable, voluntary participation. Transformational and transactional leadership is effective in group processes that include social-exchange relationships, self-efficacy and group efficacy, and organizational citizenship behavior. However, as this research study utilizes only self-reported data, it has several limitations, such as a vulnerability of errors caused by the various experiment types. A significant limitation of this study is the lack of potential for the duplication of results. The covariance structure analysis, however, provides complementation to limit the impact of errors from self-reporting studies. A future study can extend this research by utilizing different data collection methods.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.107-123
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 선행요인인 서번트 리더십, 매개요인인 리더에 대한 신뢰, 그리고 결과요인인 리더만족, 추가적 노력 사이에 어떠한 관계가 있는지에 대한 모형을 제시하고 이들 요인 상호간의 관련성을 검증해 보고자 한다. 실증분석을 위한 측정대상은 서울, 경주, 부산 대구 지역의 특1급 관광호텔 종사원으로 한정하였으며, 특히 호텔종사원을 측정대상으로 한 것은 호텔 조직이 리더와 구성원간의 행동반응이 민감하게 나타나므로 본 연구의 유용성을 정확하게 판별하기 위해서이다. 본 연구에서는 서번트 리더십에 대한 기초이론을 체계화하였고 다음으로 서번트 리더십 관련 기존 연구에서는 서번트 리더십에 대한 요인구조를 제시하여 주지 못하고 있으나, 본 연구에서는 호텔종사원을 대상으로 서번트 리더십의 요인구조를 탐색적으로 보여 주었다는 점이고 또한 호텔기업의 인사관리자의 입장에서 리더십 프로그램을 분별하는데 있어 하나의 기준이 될 수 있다. 특히, 신입사원의 서번트 리더십을 배양하기 위해서는 서번트 리터십의 하위 행동특성이라고 할 수 있는 도덕성과 자긍심 정도는 검증해 볼 필요가 있다. 그리고 조직의 목표를 효과적으로 달성하기 위한 중간관리자의 변화를 위해 서번트 리더십 육성프로그램을 개발하는데 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2000

The occupational health nursing guideline for primary care was developed by the Korean Academic Society of occupational health nursing and the organization for occupational health nurses (currently known as the Korean Association of Occupational Health Nurses) in 1993. Since then, there have been many changes in the health care environment and job performance of occupational health nurses. Appropriate revisions are necessary of the guidelinea based on this background. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of the occupational health nursing guideline for primary care and to analyze the characteristics of primary care activities by occupational health nurses. The questionnaire was mailed to 150 occupational health nurses(OHNs) with the response rate of 64%. The results can be summarized as follows; 1. 65.6% of OHNs have been using the guideline for primary care and 75.9% of them agreed that the guideline was be helpful for their job. 2. Common symptom care, emergency care and chronic illness care were more frequently implemented than occupational disease care by OHNs. In manufacturing industries, emergency care was more frequently implemented than chronic illness care in contrast to the service industries. 3. Most frequent common symptoms treated by OHNs were indigestion, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, and coughing. In the case of chronic illness, OHNs more frequently treated diseases of the gastro-intestinal system, skin and sensory organs, and the respiratory system. Emergency care for bruises, burn, and abrasions was more frequently provided. VDT syndrome was the most common occupational disease cared by OHNs in manufacturing and service industries. 4. OHNs prescribed the medicine for external application more frequently than internal medicine. Remedy for colds, analgesics, vitamins, and digestives were more frequently used. From these results, we suggest that the guideline should be revised to emphasize the activities consisting problem finding such as health assessment, physical examinations, monitoring and screening, and to renew the drug list in the range of over- the counter medication (OTC). In the future, the guideline will include the strategies for the role as the case manager.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제9A권2호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2002

광역 컴퓨팅 시스템의 구조가 처음으로 네델란드 Vrije 대학의 분산 컴퓨팅 연구팀에서 명세화를 시키면서, 많은 연구개발자들은 분산객체의 광역 위치와 접속 서비스에 대한 연구들을 추진하고 있다. 이들 대부분의 연구들은 광역 컴퓨팅 사이트들 상에서 존재하는 비중복된 연산 객체들간에 바인딩 서비스에 대해서만 고려하고 있다. 그러나 지구상에 존재하는 수많은 객체들은 이름이나 속성에 의해 중복된 특성을 지닌다. 이러한 같은 특성을 갖는 객체들은 중복된 연산객체로 정의할 수 있다. 기존의 네이밍이나 트레이딩 기법으로는 독립적인 위치투명성의 결여로 중복된 연산객체들의 바인딩 서비스 지원이 불가능하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 광역 컴퓨팅 환경에서 중복된 연산객체들의 위치관리 뿐 아니라 시스템들간의 부하균형화를 유지시키면서 퇴적객체의 선정을 통한 바인딩 서비스의 시간을 최소화 할 수 있는 새로운 모델을 제시한다.이 모델은 네이밍 및 트레이딩 기능들을 통합한 서비스에 의해 중복된 연산객체들에 대한 단일 객체핸들을 얻는 부분과, 이 객체핸들을 사용하여 노드관리자에 의해 중복객체들의 복수개의 컨택주소들을 제공하는 위치 서비스 부분으로 구성하였다. 위치 투명성을 제공하기 위해, 이 두 서비스는 서로 독립적으로 수행된다. 이러한 모델을 기반으로 분산객체의 광역 통합트리의 구조, 컨택주소들의 탐색 및 갱신 알고리즘을 기술하였다. 마지막으로 클라이언트 객체로부터 서로 다른 영역에 위치하는 분산객체들의 광역 바인딩을 제공할 수 있는 연합구조를 보였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.673-676
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 IT 기술을 접목한 초저온 순환 냉각 방식의 전신 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 다음과 같은 특징들을 가진다. 첫 번째로 초저온으로 냉각된 질소가스를 관리기 내부에서 순환시킴으로서 유지비용을 최소화한다. 두 번째로 온도센서와 산소농도센서로 측정된 정보를 기초로 질소가스를 공급하여 안전한 초저온 전신관리를 제공한다. 세 번째로 사용자의 신장을 입력한 후에 전자동 리프트를 이용하여 제어 가능한 편리한 초저온 전신관리를 제공한다. 네 번째로 접근이 쉽고 조작이 편리한 GUI 및 전신관리 시스템 운영을 위한 관리자 전용 웹 프로그램의 GUI를 제공한다. 제안된 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 공인시험기관에서 실험한 결과는 온도센서 정확도는 세계 최고 수준인 ±5%의 범위에서 측정이 되었고, 전신관리 온도범위는 세계 최고 수준(-110℃ ~ -140℃)보다 넓은 -110℃ ~ -150℃의 범위가 측정되었다. 또한, 습도는 세계 최고 수준인 40% 미만으로 측정이 되었고, 산소농도도 세계 최고 수준인 18% 이상으로 측정되었다. 따라서 본 본문에서 제안한 IT 기술을 접목한 초저온 순환 냉각 방식의 전신 관리 시스템의 성능이 세계 최고 수준과 동일한 결과를 산출하였기 때문에 그 효용성이 입증되었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2013

With the increase of visitors to rural tourism villages, the direct selling at sites is getting vitalized. Accordingly, their display stores is getting more important. Therefore, this study has selected 30 domestic rural tourism villages as study objects for the attitude survey of 200 farming suppliers and the site examination for the designs of those display stores in order to analyze their status and classify the types of necessity. Such operation status as sale item, sale method, method of supply and demand, major customer, sales scale, manager, opening hour, and operation cost were examined, to identity and for design factors the pattern, material quality and color were investigated. For the attitude of farming suppliers, the tactics of sales, the reason for being positive or negative, the functionality and the features of display stores were examined through brainstorming. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Program was employed for Frequency, which indicated that village chiefs and store managers with the sales scale of 1 to 20 million won are dealing with female customers in their 40's and 50's and that those stores are open at the time of experience or year round without any operation expense. Permanent type and Fixed type were found to be the design factors of the display-case type with the material and the color of wood and orange respectively. The result of investigation analysis of farming suppliers' attitude showed the followings: the need of display stores is quite high, structure type and permanent type have high fitness and from the viewpoint of display-on-table type as a standard moving type was very convenient. The analysis of significant items at the characteristics of those display stores revealed that their locations, quality conservation, sanitation, users' convenience, designs and promotion are very important. The result of status analysis revealed that though there is a correlation among the types of display stores depending on the visiting season of tourists their installing is not desirable. Three types have been analyzed: Type 1 is a structure type only in the villages with continuous visitors, Type 2 a moving-table type only in the villages with temporary visitors and Type 3 is a fixed display-case type.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 부산광역시 소재 병원급 이상 의료기관에 근무하는 병원 홈페이지관련 담당 관리자를 대상으로 병원홈페이지 관리 운영 실태와 홈페이지가 병원경영에 미치는 효과를 분석하여 홈페이지를 활용한 마케팅 전략의 기초자료를 제공함에 있다. 이를 위하여 부산광역시 소재 병원급 이상 53개의 병원급 이상의 의료기관 홈페이지 관리자들을 대상으로 2008년 5월 1일부터 5월 25일까지 25일간 연구자가 직접 방문하여 인터뷰와 설문조사를 실시하였다. 병원홈페이지 관리자들의 설문내용은 일반적인 특성, 홈페이지 제작, 관리 운영, 영향, 부가기능, 정보교류 항목으로 구성 하였으며 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 병원홈페이지 제작관리 및 운영에 있어서는 제작시기는 2001-2005년이며, 외부업체가 주로 관리하고, 제작 목적은 병원소개이며, 1년 기준으로 홈페이지를 개편하고, 100-300만원 미만의 운영예산과 병원소개, 고객만족센터 그리고 온라인 답변 게시가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 병원홈페이지 운영에 영향을 미치는 것은 병원소개, 진료예약, 이용안내, 의료정보제공, 고객상담, 진료안내이고 이들은 대부분 병원경영에 영향을 미치고 있다고 인식하고 있었다. 따라서 내부고객만족을 위해 병원홈페이지에 의료정보제공과 메뉴개선은 직원들의 지속적인 관심을 통하여 향상시키도록 노력하여야 할 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.768-777
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• 2017

세계 각국은 기후 및 홍수사상의 변화와 이에 따른 각종 수재해 시나리오에 대응하기 위하여 하천제방 유지관리기술을 고도화하고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 세계적 동향에 따라 본 연구에서는 하천제방을 효율적으로 유지관리할 수 있도록 하천제방 안전도맵 평가체계를 제안하고자 한다. 하천제방 안전도맵의 개념은 현행 하천제방의 활동, 파이핑, 육안점검 등의 안전도 지표를 GIS맵 상에 지도형태로 표출함으로써 하천관리자의 유지관리효율을 극대화하는 것이다. 이러한 평가체계를 구축하기 위해서 관련 문헌 및 자료 조사를 통해 활동, 파이핑, 육안점검 등 주요 안전도 지표를 선정하였으며, 각각의 안전도 지표를 A, B, C 등 3등급으로 평가할 수 있는 합리적인 기준을 제시하였다. 제시된 기준을 바탕으로 수치해석을 활용하여 시범구간(남강)에 대한 홍수위지속시간 변화에 따른 활동 및 파이핑 안전도 특성을 평가하였다. 시범평가 결과, 활동의 경우 제내외지 구분 없이 모두 A등급을 만족하였으며, 파이핑의 경우 R2에서 홍수위지속시간이 증가함에 따라 파이핑 등급 C등급으로 감소하는 경향을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 하천제방 안전도맵 평가체계를 제안하는 기획연구로서 하천제방 안전도맵 평가체계를 구축하기 위해서는 추후 개선된 추가 연구, 하천제방 자료의 표준화, 제도 및 관련 법 개선 등이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2013

Purpose - Six months have passed since the amendment of the SSM regulation law; however, as yet, there is no confirmed research or report on the effects of this amendment, which are indefinite. Further, there have been no attempts to study the effects of the SSM regulation law from the consumers' viewpoint, which is important because consumers are the main agents that are greatly influenced by the amendment law. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the consumers' attitude toward the SSM regulation law as well as the effects of the SSM regulation law on the changes in purchase behavior. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was initiated from four research problems that are linked to consumer reaction to the SSM regulation law. Research problem 1: What is the consumers' reaction (perception, attitude, and perceived fairness) to the SSM regulation law? Research problem 2: How do the consumers' reactions to the SSM regulation law differ by consumers' characteristics? Research problem 3: Could the SSM regulation law change a consumer's purchase behavior? Research problem 4: Is it necessary to amend the SSM regulation law? This study collected the data through the interview and survey of housewives for the purpose of solving the research problems. The interview was conducted as a pilot study for the field survey. We interviewed three housewives, who were: an employed housewife, a full-time homemaker, and a manager of a housewife club, respectively. We then conducted a field survey of 232 housewives who were housewife club members or elementary school parents in Chunghcheong-do. Results - We verified the reliability and validity of the data, and analyzed it to solve the research problems. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, consumers still have a positive attitude toward large discount chains and SSM, which has been the case since the law was introduced. Second, perceived risk of consumers associated with traditional markets and small neighborhood shops was low. Third, consumers think that amendments of the SSM regulation law are important, and they positively assess the satisfaction, necessity, and propriety of the law. Fourth, although the SSM regulation law caused inconvenience to consumers, this law did not have any influence on the usage frequency and the use-behavior of large discount chains. Finally, consumers reacted very negatively to the toughening up of the SSM regulation law. Conclusions - In short, consumers still have a positive attitude toward the SSM regulation law. However, this act did not have any influence on the use-behavior of large discount chains (General Super Market). Thus, policy making authorities require active communication and promotions to enhance the effect of the SSM regulation law. This study was of the nature of exploratory research, which did not focus on hypothesis testing, but on finding solutions to the research problems. Therefore, this study is no more than a simple data analysis. Future studies should attempt to investigate the actual effects of the SSM regulation law, on the basis of sufficient literature review and real sales data.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.617-629
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• 2007

To ensure the microbiological safety of food items prepared after cooking process, this study was aimed to identify the hazards related with cooked foods donated to foodbanks through quantitative microbial analysis. Five foodbanks located in Incheon and Gyeonggi area among government-dominant foodbanks were surveyed from February to June, 2007. Manager, recipient, donator, type and quantity of donated foot and facility and equipment were examined for the general characteristics of foodbank. The time and temperature of food md environment were measured at steps from after-production to before-distribution, and the microbial analysis was performed mainly with indicator organism and major pathogens. The amount of cooked foods donated to each foodbank was about 20 to 30 servings and consisted of 80% of total donated foods. Only three foodbanks had separate offices for foodbank operation and four institutions had at least one temperature-controlled vehicle. The flow of donated foods was gone through the steps; production, meal service and holding at donator, collection by foodbank, transport (or holding after transport) and distribution to recipients. It took about 3.8 to 6.5 hours at room temperature from after-production to before-distribution. Only aerobic plate counts (APC) and coliforms were found in microbial analysis. The APC after production were relatively high in $8.2{\times}10^5,\;7.4{\times}10^5,\;6.9{\times}10^5$ and $4.2{\times}10^5 CFU/g$ while $2.8{\times}10^6, \;9.4{\times}10^5,\;1.0{\times}10^6$ and $5.4{\times}10^5CFU/g$ before distribution in mixed Pimpinella brachycarpa, mixed chard mixed amaranth and mixed spinach, respectively. The levels of coliforms in mixed chard and mixed spinach were complied with the standards of the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Management The level of APC in boiled pork was increased from $< 1.0{\times}10 CFU/g$ to $4.0{\times}10^2 CFU/g$. One of delivery vessels was shown $6.2{\times}10^3 CFU/100 cm^2$ in APC, which was over the standards for environment. One of serving tables also showed the high level of $1.2{\times}10^3 CFU/100 cm^2$ in APC and $6.6{\times}10^2 CFU/100 cm^2$ in coliforms. These results suggest the sanitary management of holding at donator and the time-temperature control are key factors to ensure the safety of cooked foods donated to foodbank.