• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.5-24
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• 2001

This paper is intended to explore femininity the ideal beauty of body and the features in fashion pursued in the Fashion system and the Anti-Fashion Movement in the Victorian period, on which the modern fashion is based. For the informative facts needed in this paper, books on history, fashion history, feminism, art history of aestheticism and the ideal beauty of body are referred to. On the part Ⅱ of this paper, the femininity and the ideal beauty of body implied in the Aesthetic Movement and Rational Dress Movement as the anti-fashion movement in the Victorian period will be reviewed. Following are the conclusion : First, the works in Aesthetic Movement mainly include the image of sensual female. The essence of femininity is categorized by cultural value, poetic spirit. appetite for sex and self-expression. The ideal beauty of body pursued in this movement is the beauty of immatured body, which means rejection of maternity as well as appetite for sex in the form of metaphor of the power and enthusiasm of female. The features of Aesthetic Movement emphasize the image of sensual and characteristic woman. These features are expressed in the natural waist line and the vertical H silhouette of high waist, natural exposure of body by means of drapery, simplicity and decency by design without fixed forms and seemingly faded colors. Second, Rational Dress Movement attempted to evaluate the femininity in a different way and ultimately pursued masculinity. Therefore, morality, liberty, intelligence, spirituality, self-control, willingness, which had been believed to exclusively belong to male, are added to the categories of femininity. The ideal beauty of body is expressed in the form of Venus Coelestic which is refined and strong. This symbolizes woman's freeing from the fate of reproduction and subordinate relationship with male, morality, decision of one's own and willingness. The features of Rational Dress Movement represent the image of strong-willed and moral woman in its internal meaning. The features of its fashions represent the concealment of the body, emphasis on activeness in pants without decoration and simplicity in its external form. All these features resulted from the pursuit of masculinity.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2017

While IoT (Internet of Things) industry has been spreading, it becomes very important for object to recognize user's information by itself without any control. Above all, gender (male, female) is dominant factor to analyze user's information on account of social and biological difference between male and female. However since each gender consists of diverse face feature, face-based gender classification research is still in challengeable research field. Also to apply gender classification system to IoT, size of device should be reduced and device should be operated with low power. Consequently, To port the function that can classify gender in real-world, this paper contributes two things. The first one is new gender classification algorithm based on deep learning and the second one is to implement real-time gender classification system in embedded board operated by low power. In our experiment, we measured frame per second for gender classification processing and power consumption in PC circumstance and mobile GPU circumstance. Therefore we verified that gender classification system based on deep learning works well with low power in mobile GPU circumstance comparing to in PC circumstance.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.281-299
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• 2008

The main purpose of this essay is to suggest that Faulkner's "pro"-lynching letter published in Commercial-Appeal in 1931 does not contradict his antilynching works such as "Dry September," Light in August, Go Down, Moses, and Intruder in the Dust. In the letter, Faulkner writes, "they [lynching mobs] have a way of being right." The remark has been interpreted as the expression of Faulkner's sympathetic attitude toward lynching mobs; however, it can be also seen as Faulkner's observation and criticism of the southern white people's structures of feeling in his time that stubbornly justified lynching as a way to do justice to black people who did "not" deserve to be a legal subject. This essay argues that Faulkner understood that the legislation of anti-lynching law alone could not save black people from the violence of lynching as far as white people believed that black people were not their equals and that lynching was a right means to fulfill social justice. Faulkner's fictions such as Light in August and Go Down, Moses provide moments in which white male characters feel as if they were social others, and their experiences work as an ethical urge for them to stand up for social others. This essay illuminates how Faulkner depicts the process of white male characters' identity formation as a violent break from his strong tie with black friends, how they reverse the process to blur the border again through the experiences of becoming-other, and how the experience of becoming-other has a potentiality to play the role of an ethical agency in stopping the custom of lynching in the South.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.787-800
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• 2020

This study aims to derive the criteria of folding techniques and their characteristics through analysis of literature and previous studies. This will be realized by performing a case study on male fashion design and folding. It will propose diverse directions and data for male fashion design, by making men's jackets using a folding technique. The concept and terms of folding were clarified through examination of existing literature and previous studies. Specifically, four pieces were created with motifs of the four seasons. Among the types of pleats expressed in the works, composition pleats include double ruffles, gathers, and draperies, while processed ones include box pleats, knife pleats, and accordion pleats. This study expresses continuity, fluidity, scalability, and ambiguity through the use of such pleats. The results of the production are as follows. First, in terms of the continuous use of regular and repetitive pleats, a possibility of rich pleats was confirmed because they varied depending on the gap between the pleat and target material. Second, in liquid but irregular pleats, diverse moods were created by the pleat movement. The overlapping of repeated pleats expresses diverse spaces and shapes in a 3D extended silhouette. Third, in pleat classification, ambiguity was confirmed with the use of continuous accordion pleats in the printed gradation fabric. It is anticipated that more diverse and creative designs could be created using more extended techniques in future studies.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.69-85
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• 2016

Successful relationship with loving partners is one of the most important factors in life. In psychology, there have been some previous researches studying the factors influencing romantic relationships. However, most of these researches were performed based on statistical analysis; thus they have limitations in analyzing complex non-linear relationships or rules based reasoning. This research analyzes commitment and persistence in heterosexual involvement according to styles of loving using a datamining technique as well as statistical methods. In this research, we consider six different styles of loving - 'eros', 'ludus', 'stroge', 'pragma', 'mania' and 'agape' which influence romantic relationships between lovers, besides the factors suggested by the previous researches. These six types of love are defined by Lee (1977) as follows: 'eros' is romantic, passionate love; 'ludus' is a game-playing or uncommitted love; 'storge' is a slow developing, friendship-based love; 'pragma' is a pragmatic, practical, mutually beneficial relationship; 'mania' is an obsessive or possessive love and, lastly, 'agape' is a gentle, caring, giving type of love, brotherly love, not concerned with the self. In order to do this research, data from 105 heterosexual couples were collected. Using the data, a linear regression method was first performed to find out the important factors associated with a commitment to partners. The result shows that 'satisfaction', 'eros' and 'agape' are significant factors associated with the commitment level for both male and female. Interestingly, in male cases, 'agape' has a greater effect on commitment than 'eros'. On the other hand, in female cases, 'eros' is a more significant factor than 'agape' to commitment. In addition to that, 'investment' of the male is also crucial factor for male commitment. Next, decision tree analysis was performed to find out the characteristics of high commitment couples and low commitment couples. In order to build decision tree models in this experiment, 'decision tree' operator in the datamining tool, Rapid Miner was used. The experimental result shows that males having a high satisfaction level in relationship show a high commitment level. However, even though a male may not have a high satisfaction level, if he has made a lot of financial or mental investment in relationship, and his partner shows him a certain amount of 'agape', then he also shows a high commitment level to the female. In the case of female, a women having a high 'eros' and 'satisfaction' level shows a high commitment level. Otherwise, even though a female may not have a high satisfaction level, if her partner shows a certain amount of 'mania' then the female also shows a high commitment level. Finally, this research built a prediction model to establish whether the relationship will persist or break up using a decision tree. The result shows that the most important factor influencing to the break up is a 'narcissistic tendency' of the male. In addition to that, 'satisfaction', 'investment' and 'mania' of both male and female also affect a break up. Interestingly, while the 'mania' level of a male works positively to maintain the relationship, that of a female has a negative influence. The contribution of this research is adopting a new technique of analysis using a datamining method for psychology. In addition, the results of this research can provide useful advice to couples for building a harmonious relationship with each other. This research has several limitations. First, the experimental data was sampled based on oversampling technique to balance the size of each classes. Thus, it has a limitation of evaluating performances of the predictive models objectively. Second, the result data, whether the relationship persists of not, was collected relatively in short periods - 6 months after the initial data collection. Lastly, most of the respondents of the survey is in their 20's. In order to get more general results, we would like to extend this research to general populations.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2003

Oviposition and egg laying is an important physiological and behavioural event in the life cycle of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (L). Oviposition and egg laying is dependent on a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors viz., neural, hormonal, environmental, physical, behavioral etc for the perpetuation of population. Although, the virgin female moths have fully developed embryos but active egg laying begins under the influence of mating which provides essential copulation stimulus for oviposition. After mating drastic biochemical changes occurred that incites egg laying under the influence of optimum environmental conditions. Weight of pupae as well as larval density has significant role on oviposition and egg laying behaviour in the silkworm wherein high pupal weight and inadequate rearing space affects not only the biology, morphology and physiology but also the oviposition and egg laying. Surface topography, plane of inclination, mating length, age of male moth, temperature and photoperiod etc has significant effect on reproductive physiology of silkworm. An attempt has been made in this review article to elucidate briefly the works carried out on mating behaviour, direct and indirect copulation stimulus, vitellogenesis, influence of environmental factors besides effect of weight of pupae and or pharate adult and larval density on oviposition and egg laying behavior in the silkworm, B. mori and its significance in silkworm seed production.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Phthalates and those metabolites have long history in industry and suspected to have deficient effects in development and reproduction. These are well-known anti-androgenic chemicals and many studies have examined the effects of these compounds on male reproduction as toxins and endocrine disruptors. Uterus is a key organ for proper embryo development, successful reproduction, and health of eutherian mammals including women. To understand the effects of the phthalate, the horizontal approach with a whole group of phthalate is best but the known phthalates are huge and all is not uncovered. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most common product of plasticizers in polymer products and studied many groups. Although, there is limited studies on the effects of phthalates on the female, a few studies have proved the endocrine disrupting characters of DEHP or phthalate mixture in female. An acute and high dose of DEHP has adverse effects on uterine histological characters. Recently, it has been revealed that a chronical low-dose exposing of DEHP works as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC). DEHP can induce various cellular responses including the expression regulation of steroid hormone receptors, transcription factors, and paracrine factors. Interestingly, the response of uterus to DEHP is not monotonous and the exposed female has various phenotypes in fertility. These suggest that the exposing of DEHP may causes of histological modification in uterus and of disease in female such as endometriosis, hyperplasia, and myoma in addition to developmental and reproductive toxicity.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.47-74
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• 2008

Following two pioneering works, Medoff and Abraham(QJE 1980; JHR 1981) and Flabbi and Ichino(LE 2001) which use performance rating of personnel data as individual worker's productivity, this study replicates their analysis using a Korean large firm's personnel data(2000, male white collar workers). According to their methods through Mincerian earnings function, and multinomial logit model that links the distribution of wages and performance ratings, we find that seniority wages appeare continuously even if individual worker's productivity is controlled. Therefore we conclude that incentive or deferred compensation theory is more suitable than human capital theory.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.116-125
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the importance of liver cancer patient's diet and to provide guideline materials for proper nursing intervention. Method: The hermeneutic phenomenological method of van Manen was applied for the in-depth interview of liver cancer patients and the cultural background studies including linguistic, literary and art works to enhance the insight and understanding, from which the meaning of the cognition and lesson of the experiences were extracted. The participants for this study were five male patients, who had been diagnosed with liver cancer, 5-15 years ago and had been treated with Transcatheter Arterial Embolization without chemotherapy. The repeated interview and close observation were carried out for nine months starting from January 2001 in Seoul, Korea. Result: Eight essential themes were emerged ; (1) confliction(frustration) with hospital treatment (2) trial of every possible remedies (3) liking unpolluted natural foods(4) faithful tolerance (5) experiencing diet effectiveness (6) discovering personal control methods (7) deepen their faith in God (8) searching for healthy new life. Conclusion: The alternative diet therapy influenced their life beyond the physical overcoming of cancer toward psychological and spiritual healing. The study evidenced the necessity for scientific research and education on the effectiveness and application of complementary and alternative diet therapy for the treatment of cancer in hospital practices.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

A 1.5-year-old male Golden Retriever was presented with worsening lameness of two month duration. Abnomral findings of blood works and serum chemistry included anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia and hyperglobulinemia. Radiography revealed osteolysis of polyostotic regions including right femur and tibia, bilateral ilium, and spinous processes from the 13th thoracic vertebra to 5th lumbar vertebra. Enlarged multiple lymph nodes and mixed echo pattern of muscular region ventral to vertebra were observed with ultrasonography. Because concentrations of both parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone related peptide were all within reference ranges, humoral hypercalcemia by tumor was ruled out and extensive osteolysis was considered as the cause of hypercalcemia. Based on radiographic and ultrasonographic study, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and osteomyelitis were included in differential diagnosis. Fungal serologic test was negative. Monoclonal gammopathy was not found on serum protein electrophoresis. Cytological and histopathological examinations of the lytic lesions revealed neoplastic lymphoid proliferation, and B cell type clonal expansion was detected by polymerase chain reaction for the antigen receptor gene rearrangement. The case was diagnosed as B cell lymphoma involving polyostotic regions.