• 영어영문학
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.1047-1065
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• 2010

English inversion constructions are not only hard for non-native speakers to learn but also difficult to teach mainly because of their intriguing grammatical and discourse properties. This paper addresses grammatical issues in learning or teaching the so-called 'predicate inversion (PI)' construction (e.g., Equally important in terms of forest depletion is the continuous logging of the forests). In particular, we chart the grammatical (distributional, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic) properties of the PI construction, and argue for adata-driven teaching for English grammar. To depart from the arm-chaired style of grammar teaching (relying on author-made simple sentences), our teaching method introduces a datadriven teaching. With total 25 university students in a grammar-related class, students together have analyzed the British Component of the International Corpus of English (ICE-GB), containing about one million words distributed across a variety of textual categories. We have identified total 290 PI sentences (206 from spoken and 87 from written texts). The preposed syntactic categories of the PI involve five main types: AdvP, PP, VP(ed/ing), NP, AP, and so, all of which function as the complement of the copula. In terms of discourse, we have observed, supporting Birner and Ward's (1998) observation that these preposed phrases represent more familiar information than the postposed subject. The corpus examples gave us the three possible types: The preposed element is discourse-old whereas the postposed one is discourse-new as in Putting wire mesh over a few bricks is a good idea. Both preposed and postposed elements can also be discourse new as in But a fly in the ointment is inflation. These two elements can also be discourse old as in Racing with him on the near-side is Rinus. The dominant occurrence of the PI in the spoken texts also supports the view that the balance (or scene-setting) in information structure is the main trigger for the use of the PI construction. After being exposed to the real data and in-depth syntactic as well as informationstructure analysis of the PI construction, it is proved that the class students have had a farmore clear understanding of the construction in question and have realized that grammar does not mean to live on by itself but tightly interacts with other important grammatical components such as information structure. The study directs us toward both a datadriven and interactive grammar teaching.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2012

도농 복합형태인 인구 30만인 순천시에 종합슈퍼와 백화점 등 대규모점포 4개가 운영 중인 것은 대규모점포의 과잉공급이라는 지적이 제기되어 왔다. 그러나 순천시는 전남 동부권의 교통요지로서 광양시, 여수시, 보성군 및 구례군 등 인근 지역에서 1 시간 이내에 점포방문이 가능하다. 4개 점포는 도시와 농촌 지역의 거주자도 고객층으로 간주하여 차별화된 점포이미지 구축 전략을 수립하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 점포이미지 변수를 13개로 세분하여 각 점포의 이미지를 비교하였다. 점포이미지는 진열 상품의 다양성 및 품질, 점포 접근성, 매장 분위기 등 다양한 형태로 나타난다. 이러한 이미지는 고객들의 주관적 판단에 따라 각자에게 인지되고, 점포를 선택하는 주요 요인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 점포이미지 변수를 대분류 5개 소분류 13개로 분류하였다. SPSS Ver. 19를 이용한 요인분석에서는 5개로 대분류된 점포이미지가 3개의 요인으로 구분되어 추출되었다. 5개 대분류에서 편의성, 분위기 및 서비스 이미지로 분류된 이미지들이 첫 번째 공통요인으로 추출되었고 이를 본 연구에서는 부대서비스 요인으로 구분하여 기술하였다. 5개 분류에서 편의성 이미지로 분류되었던 접근성과 상품관련 이미지로 분류되었던 상품다양성과 가격 이미지는 같은 공통요인으로 추출되었다. 이는 점포가 위치하고 있는 지역이 대도시인가 또는 지방 중소도시인가, 설문 조사에 응한 집단의 특성에 따라 달라질 것으로 예상된다. 13개 이미지 변수에 대해서 점포간 및 응답자간 점포이미지 비교에서는 접근성, 가격, 브랜드 이미지 및 조명/음향 이미지에서 점포별 및 응답자 집단별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 두 가지 측면에서 한계를 가지고 있다. 첫째, 도농복합형태의 지방 중소도시 거주자만을 대상으로 조사하였다. 점포가 소재하고 있는 지역의 교통체증 정도, 응답자 집단의 생활수준 등에 따라 고객이 느끼는 점포이미지는 차이를 보일 수 있기 때문이다. 둘째, 대규모점포를 이용하는 고객만을 대상으로 하였다. 지방 도시에는 비교적 규모가 큰 전통시장이 열리고 있으며, 대규모점포와 전통시장은 상품의 종류, 가격 등에서 경쟁을 하고 있다. 대규모점포를 이용하는 고객과 전통시장을 방문하는 고객이 느끼는 점포이미지는 다를 수 있다. 추후 연구에서는 대도시 소재 점포와 지방 중소도시 소재 점포와의 동시 조사로 점포이미지에 대한 상대적 비교가 필요할 것이다. 또한 동일 지역에서 대규모점포 이용 고객과 준대규모점포 또는 전통시장 이용 고객층에 대한 상대적 비교 연구도 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.195-218
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• 2009

The results of documentary survey of 81 prescriptions of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang blended ones introduced in Dongeuibogam in which there are 42 of prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as main constituent and 39 of prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as assistant constituent can be summarized as followings, 1. Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang blended prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as main constituent are applied to 20 categories of disease such as 7 of external disease from the chapters of various dermatos is, various injury, tumor(16.6%), 5 of fire disease from the chapter of fire(12%), 5 of eye diseases from the chapter of eye(12%), 4 of disease originated from damage by coldness from the chapter of coldness(9%), etc. 2, It has been found that mainly considered causative agents in diseases, when making up Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang blended prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as main constituent, are feverish toxin in internal organs, followed by exogenous damp and fever, feverish toxin from damage by coldness and more such as extravasated blood, damp toxin, lack of ki and blood, lack of yin, congestion, the seven passions, blood overflow and excess liquor and sex.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.355-376
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 해고근로자들이 해고와 이후 실업기간을 어떻게 경험하는지 그 변화과정을 드러내고자 하였다. 이를 위해 질적 연구 방법으로 현상학적 방법을 사용하여 6명의 해고근로자의 심리적 경험을 연구하였다. 해고 당시의 심리적 경험, 해고 이후 지속적인 심리적 또는 신체적 변화, 현재 상태 등을 심층 인터뷰를 진행하여 자료를 수집하였으며, 이를 분석해서 12개의 하위 주제와 이를 포괄하는 4개의 상위주제를 구성하였다. 중요상위주제는 '해고로 경험되는 감정', '신체적 증상', '사회적 인식에 대한 양상', '해고에 대처하는 방식'이었다. 상위주제와 하위범주에 대하여 기술하고 이와 관련된 해고근로자의 경험을 구체적으로 기술하였다. 마지막으로 해고근로자의 변화 및 경험을 기존연구를 바탕으로 논의하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2012

Background: Patients' demographics, presenting clinical and histopathological features for colo-rectal cancer (CRC) are important factors for patients' outcome and disease prognosis. This study aimed to describe the pattern of CRC in terms of patients' demographics, main presenting symptoms and histopathological features in Al Hassa region of Saudi Arabia. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective hospital records-based study which included reviewing of patients' records diagnosed with CRC at three general hospitals in Al Hassa region, Saudi Arabia. A compilation form was designed to collect information regarding socio-demographics, age at diagnosis; referral sites and the main presentations at CRC diagnosis. sites and the main presentations at CRC diagnosis. Histopathological reports were reviewed to delineate the main cytopathologic features, prominent cytological characteristics, the presence of predisposing pathology, and disease stage. Results: Of the 142 cases with CRC, 15.5% and 33.1% were affected before 40 and 50 years of age respectively. Emergency rooms were main referral sites for CRC cases (31.0%). Right colon was affected in 16.9% while left colonic lesions accounted for 62.7%. Intestinal obstruction was the main presentations (41.5%), and 26.1% presented with symptoms indicating distant metastastic lesions. Adenocarcinoma was the predominant pathological lesions (86.6%). Metastastic CRC was diagnosed in 62.7%. Duke's staging showed that 22.5% and 40.1% of lesions were classified into C and D categories respectively. Conclusion: Saudi patients with CRC present late with distant metastasis, and advanced disease stage. A sizeable proportion of patients developed the lesions at relatively young age. Screening recommendations should be enacted and revised in response to current change with younger age of affection.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2195-2196
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• 2006

This study is for implementation of PC based Motor fault diagnosis system. By using harmonics and current signals of the motor, this system diagnoses the motor condition by accumulated harmonic contribution rate. In this proposed system that was composed of 5 parts. A sensor, connection box, evaluation board, device server, and main computer are those. There were two types of sensor, one was harmonic sensor the other was current sensors. The signal was acquired by sensor, and transferred to evaluation board. Second one is connection box. Because the output type of sensor and input type of evaluation board is different, connection box was necessary. Third one was evaluation board. The signal from the sensor was converted to digital signal in evaluation board. And this signal was transferred to device server. Fourth one was device server. Device server transferred the data from evaluation board to main computer. And the last one was other parts controlled by main computer. In main computer, there were communication and diagnosis algorithms. The result was derived by main computer. In the result, there were 12 categories and 5 levels of motor conditions. The proposed system had some advantages comparing with stand alone type commercial motor fault diagnosis system. The first, by using remote access it was easier to get the conditions of motor. The second, there was no need to handle the sensors when users measured the motor signals. By this property, no one was necessary at motor location site. The third, this system was less restricted by times and places than commercial stand alone type diagnosis system. Therefore users can operate this system only using the main computer. Once the sensors are installed at the motor, users doesn't need to move to check up the condition of motors. Moreover, if there is ethernet hub, many motors can be not only diagnosed at once but also decreased its cost.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.563-564
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• 2006

This study is for implementation of PC based Motor fault diagnosis system. By using harmonics and current signals of the motor, this system diagnoses the motor condition by accumulated harmonic contribution rate. In this proposed system that was composed of 5 parts. A sensor, connection box, evaluation board, device server, and main computer are those. There were two types of sensor, one was harmonic sensor the other was current sensors. The signal was acquired by sensor, and transferred to evaluation board. Second one is connection box. Because the output type of sensor and input type of evaluation board is different, connection box was necessary. Third one was evaluation board. The signal from the sensor was converted to digital signal in evaluation board. And this signal was transferred to device server Fourth one was device solver. Device server transferred the data from evaluation board to main computer. And the last one was other parts controlled by main computer. In main computer, there were communication and diagnosis algorithms. The result was derived by main computer. In the result, there were 12 categories and 5 levels of motor conditions. The proposed system had some advantages comparing with stand alone type commercial motor fault diagnosis system. The first, by using remote access it was easier to get the conditions of motor. The second, there was no need to handle the sensors when users measured the motor signals. By this Property, no one was necessary at motor location site. The third, this system was less restricted by times and places than commercial stand alone type diagnosis system. Therefore users can operate this system only using the main computer. Once the sensors are installed at the motor, users doesn't need to move to check up the condition of motors. Moreover, if there is ethernet hub, many motors can be not only diagnosed at once but also decreased its cost.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1229-1230
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• 2006

This study is for implementation of PC based Motor fault diagnosis system. By using harmonics and current signals of the motor, this system diagnoses the motor condition by accumulated harmonic contribution rate. In this proposed system that was composed of 5 parts. A sensor, connection box, evaluation board, device server, and main computer are those. There were two types of sensor, one was harmonic sensor the other was current sensors. The signal was acquired by sensor, and transferred to evaluation board. Second one is connection box. Because the output type of sensor and input type of evaluation board is different, connection box was necessary. Third one was evaluation board. The signal from the sensor was converted to digital signal in evaluation board. And this signal was transferred to device server. Fourth one was device server. Device server transferred the data from evaluation board to main computer. And the last one was other parts controlled by main computer in main computer, there were communication and diagnosis algorithms. The result was derived by main computer. In the result, there were 12 categories and 5 levels of motor conditions. The proposed system had some advantages comparing with stand alone type commercial motor fault diagnosis system. The first, by using remote access it was easier to get the conditions of motor. The second, there was no need to handle the sensors when users measured the motor signals. By this property, no one was necessary at motor location site. The third, this system was less restricted by times and places than commercial stand alone type diagnosis system. Therefore users can operate this system only using the main computer. Once the sensors are installed at the motor, users doesn't need to move to check up the condition of motors. Moreover, if there is ethernet hub, many motors can be not only diagnosed at once but also decreased its cost.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1689-1690
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• 2006

This study is for implementation of PC based Motor fault diagnosis system. By using harmonics and current signals of the motor, this system diagnoses the motor condition by accumulated harmonic contribution rate. In this proposed system that was composed of 5 parts. A sensor, connection box, evaluation board, device server, and main computer are those. There were two types of sensor, one was harmonic sensor the other was current sensors. The signal was acquired by sensor, and transferred to evaluation board. Second one is connection box. Because the output type of sensor and input type of evaluation board is different, connection box was necessary. Third one was evaluation board. The signal from the sensor was converted to digital signal in evaluation board. And this signal was transferred to device server. Fourth one was device server Device server transferred the data from evaluation board to main computer. And the last one was other parts controlled by main computer. In main computer, there were communication and diagnosis algorithms. The result was derived by main computer. In the result, there were 12 categories and 5 levels of motor conditions. The proposed system had some advantages comparing with stand alone type commercial motor fault diagnosis system. The first, by using remote access it was easier to get the conditions of motor. The second, there was no need to handle the sensors when users measured the motor signals. By this property, no one was necessary at motor location site. The third, this system was less restricted by times and places than commercial stand alone type diagnosis system. Therefore users can operate this system only using the main computer. Once the sensors are installed at the motor, users doesn't need to move to check up the condition of motors. Moreover, if there is ethernet hub, many motors can be not only diagnosed at once but also decreased its cost.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권3_4호
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• pp.425-437
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify the categories and contents of the cognitive inferences of both men and women regarding the style and color of clothing. The study was conducted by survey method, using open-ended questions. The data were collected from 420 male/female university students and analyzed by the qualitative method. The main results are as follows: First, cognitive inferences are formed from stereotypes that fall into six categories--appearance, personality, background, behavior, situation, and reaction. Second, there are some differentiations in these stereotypes depending on clothing style and color. Specifically, the amount of exposure represented in the clothing style is a salient features, one that shows situational attribution. Third, the strength of stereotype differs depending on the sex of perceivers: women indicate a stronger tendency to stereotype-based on clothing-than do men. In conclusion, each of cognitive inferences occurs between wearer and the actual perceiver. Stereotypes are important determining factors fDr making cognitive inferences.