• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.875-881
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• 1998

To develop functional food material with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides, muscle protein of anchovy, Engraulis japonica was hydrolyzed during 48 hrs by digestive pretenses such as pepsin, trypsin, $\alpha$-chymotrypsin, and commercial proteases such as papain, bromelain, complex enzyme, Elavourzyme, Novozym, Neutrase, Protamex and Alcalase. The only $50\%$ ethanol soluble hydrolysates were tested for inhibitory activity against ACE and yield of $50\%$ ethanol soluble peptide-nitrogen ($ESPN_{50}$). ACE inhibition effects and yield of $ESPN_{50}$ occurred as hydrolysis time increased to 8 hrs, Among those pretenses tested, hydrolysates by Alcalase and $\alpha$-chymohypsin had greater ACE inhibitory activity (80 and $74\%$, reipectively) with eletated levels of $ESPN_{50}$ (48 and 58 mg/ml, respectively), while Protamex hydrolysates had greater ACE inhibitory activities ($73\%$) with reduced levels of $ESPN_{50}$ (7.2mg/ml) than others. Amino acid compositions of $50\%$ ethanol solubles obtained from those hydrolysates were rich in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cysteine and leucine.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2002

The purpose of this one group pre and post test study was to evaluate the effect of self-help programs(SHP) which has been conducted from 1997 to 2000. The SHP was held by Korean Rheumatology Health Professionals Society(KRHP) once a week for 6 weeks for chronic arthritis patients in Korea. Eight hundred fifty five subjects completed the program at 43 sites. The effect of SHP were evaluated by flexibility, pain, activities of daily living(ADL), fatigue, depression and self-efficacy. After SHP, followings were found: 1. Participants' characteristics of SHP were most common in living in Seoul, women, sixties, high school graduates, house wifes, osteoarthritis, completed in 1999. 2. The flexibility of arm, knee, ankle joint were significantly increased, but the flexibility of the shoulder was not changed. 3. Level of pain was decreased significantly from 5.21 to 3.99, and the number of painful joints were decreased from 4.96 to 4.18 significantly. 4. The score of ADL was increased from 53.74 to 54.97 significantly. 5. The score of depression and self-efficacy was not changed. In conclusion, SHP was clearly proved to be an effective nursing intervention to Increase the flexibility of arm, knee, ankle joint and enhanced ADL. Also SHP decreased pain and fatigue. More research is needed to determine the role of self-efficacy and depression in the SHP, use of a randomized design and longer follow up period to understand more about the effects of the program.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 2012

Glycogen storage disease type III (GSD type III, OMIM #232400) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a deficiency of the glycogen-debranching enzyme (GDE) with a mutation in the AGL gene (OMIM *610860). It is known to be bifunctional enzyme, that is, having two independent catalytic activities; 1,4-${\alpha}$-D-glucan 4-${\alpha}$-D-glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.25) and amylo-1,6-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.33) that occur at separate active sites on a single polypeptide chain. Most patients with GSD type III usually have symptoms related to decreased glycogenolysis in liver and muscles, such as hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hyperlipidemia, muscle weakness and cardiomyopathy (type IIIa), however some patients show symptoms restricted to liver (type IIIb). GSD type III is diagnosed by enzyme test through liver or muscle biopsy or mutation analysis of the AGL gene. We report the case of GSD type III proven by gene study after liver biopsy, which revealed c.476delA, c.3444_3445insA in exon 6, 27 of AGL gene in Korean patient.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.360-369
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to help enhance the quality of life for women with urinary incontinence. Self-esteem, urinary symptoms, peak pressure and duration in seconds for vaginal contraction after pelvic muscles exercise were examined. Method: One-group pretest-posttest design was employed participants were 27 married women from G city. The instrument for this study were : the self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965). the Urinary Symptom Questionnaire, a subjective measurement of urinary incontinence, developed by Jackson et al.(1996) and the Perineometer used as an objective measurement of peak pressure and duration in seconds. Result: 1. Self-esteem showed significant improvement after the exercise (t=-3.832, p= .001). 2. Comparison of results before the pelvic muscles exercise and after showed that there was a statistically significant difference for several urinary symptoms including enuresis (t=2.833, p=.009), frequency of incontinence (t=2.964, p= .006), incontinence volume (t=2.280, p= .031), incontinence before getting to the restroom (t=3.035, p= .006), incontinence with no reason or feeling (t= 3.051, p= 005) burning sensation (t= 2.132, p=.043), and a sense of residual urine (t=2.267 p=.032). The mean scores showed improvement in the urinary symptoms of management of incontinence (M=$0.04{\pm}0.22$), daily frequency of incontinence management (M=$0.13{\pm}0.85$), urinary control (M=$0.15{\pm}0.86$), running to the restroom (M=$0.15{\pm}0.60$) incontinence caused by coughing or physical activities (M=$0.19{\pm}0.57$) and hesitancy (M=$0.07{\pm}0.55$). Overall urinary symptoms decreased significantly (t =3.073. p= .007). 3. Peak pressure showed an increase from a mean of $24.26{\pm}16.20mmHg$ before the exercise to a mean of $28.63{\pm} 17.79mmHg$ after (t=-2.399, p=.024). Duration in seconds also increased from a mean of $6.00{\pm}4.95sec$ to $9.15{\pm}5.83sec$ (t=-4.400, p= 000). Conclusion: These findings suggest that pelvic muscle exercise serves to decrease urinary problems, improve self-esteem and increase peak pressure and duration in seconds.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.265-286
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• 1997

Bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs) are a group of transforming growth factor beta(TGF-${\beta}$)-related factors and multifunctional proteins, especially the only known biologic factors capable of inducing endochondral bone formation at an extraskeletal site. This study was performed to investigate the effect of the partially purified porcine BMP(pBMP) at an ectopic site. PBMP was partially purified from porcine bone matrix and its activity was monitored by an in vivo bioassay. The purification method utilized extraction of the bone-inducing activity with 4M guanidine, followed by chromatography on heparin-Sepharose. Active fractions were assayed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. And the fractions were reconstituted with inactive insoluble collagenous bone matrix from rats, acid soluble type I collagen from rat tail and chondroitin-6-sulfate sodium salt and implanted into the pectroralis muscle pouches of Sprague-Dawley rats. And the carrier complex was implanted on the opposite side as control. The rats were sacrificed at the day of 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 11th, 14th and 21st after implantation and examined histologically, radiologically and biochemically. And alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium content were used as indices of bone formation. The results were as follows ; 1. Active fractions were localized in a zone between 31 and 40 KDa on SDS-PAGE. 2. The implanted 3.0mg of the partially purified pBMP induced cartilage and bone in the muscle tissue of rats through an endochondral ossification process. 3. Inactive insoluble bone matrix, type I collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate have functioned as carriers for pBMP, but revealed some foreign body reactions. 4. Soft X-ray didn't reveal significant change between the experimental and the control group. 5. The alkaline phosphatase activities in the experimental group of 5th, 7th, 11th, 14th and 21st were increased significantly compared with control (p<0.01) with the peak in the group of 11th day. 6. With time, the calcium content of the experimental group increased. And the calcium contents in the experimental group of 11th, 14th and 21st were increased significantly compared with control (p<0.01).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.7 s.80
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• pp.1214-1218
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• 2006

The present study was performed to investigate the sedative effects of the combined administration of phenolic compounds. 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, a component of Gastrodia elnta, showing positive GABAergic neuromodulation was administered intraperitoneally together with an identical dose of 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, a potent antioxidant, to the rats and then evaluated for its effects on the convulsion, the hypnosis, the inxiety and the muscle relaxation. Combined administration of both compounds significantly reduced the pentyleneterazole-induced lethality. In addition, this mixture significantly enhanced the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. Contrary to the anticonvulsive and sedative effects, the combined administration did not exhibit anxiolytic or muscle relaxant activities. These results indicated that the combined treatment of 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehtyde and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde with different effects leads to the anticonvulsion and/or sedation

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.457-462
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• 2007

Effects of sonication on water-solubilization of myofibril from breast muscle of spent hen effects investigated in this study. To evaluate effect of salt concentration and pH, salt concentration was varied with range from 0.1 to 0.8 M, and pH was varied with range from 6.0 to 8.0. Solubility, SDS-PAGE, viscosity and ATPase activity of sonicated myofibril were measured. Solubility of myofibrillar protein containing 0.1 M NaCl at pH 8.0 after sonication was above 90%. Main components of soluble protein by SDS-PAGE were myosin heavy chain and actin. That is, it indicated breaking of myofibril structure by sonication. Also, viscosity of soluble protein increased, but Ca- and Mg-ATPase activities decreased by increasing sonication time. From these results, we concluded that most of myofibrillar proteins were denatured by sonication.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1811-1821
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• 2021

Objective: A trial was conducted to investigate the effects of supplemental levels of Mn provided by organic and inorganic trace mineral supplements on growth, tissue mineralization, mineral balance, and antioxidant status of growing broiler chicks. Methods: A total of 500 male chicks (8-d-old) were used in 10-day feeding trial, with 10 treatments and 10 replicates of 5 chicks per treatment. A 2×5 factorial design was used where supplemental Mn levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg Mn/kg diet) were provided as MnSO₄·H₂O or MnPro. When Mn was supplied as MnPro, supplements of zinc, copper, iron, and selenium were supplied as organic minerals, whereas in MnSO₄·H₂O supplemented diets, inorganic salts were used as sources of other trace minerals. Performance data were fitted to a linearbroken line regression model to estimate the optimal supplemental Mn levels. Results: Manganese supplementation improved body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with chicks fed diets not supplemented with Mn. Manganese in liver, breast muscle, and tibia were greatest at 50, 75, and 100 mg supplemental Mn/kg diet, respectively. Higher activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (total-SOD) were found in both liver and breast muscle of chicks fed diets supplemented with inorganic minerals. In chicks fed MnSO₄·H₂O, ADG, FCR, Mn balance, and concentration in liver were optimized at 59.8, 74.3, 20.6, and 43.1 mg supplemental Mn/kg diet, respectively. In MnPro fed chicks, ADG, FCR, Mn balance, and concentration in liver and breast were optimized at 20.6, 38.0, 16.6, 33.5, and 62.3 mg supplemental Mn/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Lower levels of organic Mn were required by growing chicks for performance optimization compared to inorganic Mn. Based on the FCR, the ideal supplemental levels of organic and inorganic Mn in chick feeds were 38.0 and 74.3 mg Mn/kg diet, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2021

One year has passed since the pandemic of COVID-19, which occurred in Wuhan, China, in November 2019 began. Worldwide, as of January 2021, more than 95 million people have been infected, and the death toll is higher than 2 million. In Korea, there are 74,262 infected and 1,328 dead, and government policies such as social distancing to prevent infection are being implemented. Accordingly, many inconveniences occurred in the physical activity environment, such as the closure of various sports facilities. It was necessary to consider physical activities to maintain healthy life while cooperating with the national policy while preventing infection. This study investigated the benefits of physical activity to reduce the risk of trichomoniasis and diabetes, improve bone mineral density, prolong healthy lifespan, maintain activity performance with aging, and improve psychological anxiety and depression. In addition, the physiological changes that may occur in the situation of stopping exercise due to social distancing to prevent COVID-19 infection were reviewed. In addition, moderate-intensity exercise that helps strengthen immune function by activating natural killer cells, neutrophils, and antibody responses was investigated. In addition, it reduces the level and function of blood B-cells, T-cells, and natural killer cells for several hours, decreases phagocytosis of neutrophils in the nasal cavity, increases inflammatory cytokines, decreases immune function, and increases infection. High-intensity exercise was considered. Therefore, in the age of COVID-19, long-term high-intensity exercise such as marathon, which causes impaired immune function, should be refrained from. And you should do moderate-intensity regular aerobic exercise such as fast walking to help prevent infection. It is also recommended to participate in resistance exercises to prevent loss of muscle mass.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.608-617
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of core training on the abdominal muscle strength, sargent lumps, Y-balance and equilibrium freestyle skiers'. Fourteen freestyle players were randomly assigned to the exercise group(Ex)(n=7) and control groups(Con)(n=7). Ex undertook a 8-week training program that included exercises for the Bench, Sideway bench, and Nordic hamstring whereas Con performed their usual activities. Muscular fitness were significant effect observed, but there was no difference between groups. The Y-balance test was effective in the front left, and the left and right left posteromedial showed significantly differences between the groups. In the total score, the Ex decreased to 7.5cm in the left and right difference and 1.66cm in the post, but the control group increased from 3.73cm in the pre-test to 7.01cm in the post-test. In the Equilibrium test, there was significant result in condition(C) in C2, C5, and C6. In conclusion, the 8-week core training was found to have a beneficial effect on the postural control in freestyle skiers'.