• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.573-584
• /
• 2002

젖소의 에너지 및 단백질 영양상태를 평가할 수 있는 MP와 MUN을 측정하여 농장의 사료급여 실태를 평가하기 위해서 1999년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 전국 4,856개 목장, 132,636두를 대상으로 유성분을 측정하였다. 조사된 개체유의 평균 MP와 MUN 수준은 각각 3.30${\pm}$0.35%와 16.0${\pm}$5.2mg/dl였으며, MP에 있어서는 3.10${\sim}$3.20%를 중심으로, MUN은 15.0mg/dl을 중심으로 하는 정규곡선을 나타내었다. 계절별 MP와 MUN의 수준은 외기 온도가 높은 하절기에는 MP의 함량이 3.2% 이하로 감소한 반면, MUN 수준은 16.5mg/dl 이상으로 가장 높았고, 반대로 동절기에는 MP가 3.35% 이상으로 가장 높았으며, MUN 수준은 15.0mg/ dl 이하로 가장 낮았다. MP 함량과 MUN 농도와의 관계에서는 MP가 정상 기준보다 낮은 2.90% 미만에서는 MUN 농도가 전체 평균보다도 높았고(17.3${\pm}$5.2mg/dl), MP가 정상 기준보다도 높은 3.70% 이상에서는 전체 평균과 비슷한 수준을 나타내었다. 개체유 및 집합유를 대상으로 MP 및 MUN 측정에 의한 사료내 에너지와 단백질 균형상태를 예측하였다. 그 결과 전반적으로 단백질은 부족보다는 과다가, 그리고 에너지는 과다보다는 부족이 많은 것으로 조사되었으며, 그 중에서도 비유초기에는 에너지 부족이, 비유말기에는 단백질 과다가 상대적으로 많은 것으로 조사되어 국내의 경우 무엇보다도 에너지 및 단백질의 균형적인 사료공급의 필요성이 제시되었다.

• 전자공학회지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.74-90
• /
• 2006

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한핵의학회 1986년도 제25차 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.116.1-116.1
• /
• 1986

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.45-60
• /
• 2016

Sangnyang-mun(上樑文) is not only a memorial address for the ceremony of putting up the ridge beam, namely the sangnyang-ceremony(上樑式) but also the executional record of building construction. This paper aims at researching on the oldest five sangnyang-muns written for the constructions of palaces and government offices in Goryeo Dynasty, especially viewed in the architectural history. The results of that are as follows: First, it is supposed that sangnyang-mun originated in the ancient Chinese ceremonial songs for the celebration of building construction. Second, as compared against the former times, the sangnyang-muns in Goryeo Dynasty were written to the advanced establishing forms and literary patterns, so to speak, these were the more developed styles. Third, in the 12th century, sangnyang-mun was introduced from Chinese Song to Goryeo. To the late period of J oseon Dynasty, sangnyang-mun had been to write for the sangnyang-ceremony as necessary memorial address. Fourth, the writers of five sangnyang-muns in Goryeo Dynasty were the new civil ministers appointed by the soldier rulers. They wrote the contents of their sangnyang-muns, especially focused to the king's achievements. And in the yugwi-song(六衛頌), they recited six poems in which were complicated the world view and aesthetics of the time.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제34권
• /
• pp.196-209
• /
• 2001

Kunjung-mun Gate the only existing multi-level palace gate from the Chosun Dynasty, is the main fate of Kungjung-jun, the central building of Kyungbok-koong Palace. Sangryangmun(a written record of the construction of the ridge beam) of Kunjung-mun Gate was discovered in a hole under its main beam during the renovation project on September 19th, 2000. At the time of discovery, Sangryangmun was found in its original state as a rolled up scroll. On a clould-patterned, red silk cloth, 78 cm in width and 1200 cm in length, each of all 92 lines of the Kunjung-mun Sangryangmun is comprised of either 7 or 11 brush-written, ornamental "Seal" characters. With an exception of its discoloration, the material is considered well preserved. After its discovery, the National Institute of Cultural Properties stored the document in an airtight container for a permanent preservation. In accordance to the Royal Command at the time, the Kunjung-mun Sangryangmun was composed by Kim Byungi, then written by Lee Donsang on January 19th 1867. This document records the meaning and the process of the repair effort of Kunjung-mun Gate includes the wish for peace and longevity of the Chosun Kingdom and its people.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권9호
• /
• pp.1252-1256
• /
• 2006

This study estimated the effects of parity (1-3) and stage of lactation (early, mid and late) on daily milk yield (DMY), somatic cell score (SCS), milk urea nitrogen (MUN), blood glucose, and immunoglobulin G (IgG), their heritabilities and genetic correlations between them in Holsteins (n = 200). Means and standard deviations of DMY, SCS, MUN, blood glucose, and IgG in the experimental herd were $23.35{\pm}7.75kg$, $3.81{\pm}2.00$, $13.99{\pm}5.68mg/dl$, $44.91{\pm}13.12mg/dl$, and $30.36{\pm}6.72mg/ml$, respectively. DMY was the lowest in first parity, and in late lactation. SCS increased with parity; however, it was lowest in mid-lactation. MUN was lowest in first parity, and no difference was noted across stage of lactation. Blood glucose was similar between parities, however the highest blood glucose was observed during mid lactation. IgG level was significantly different between first and second parity; however, stage of lactation did not affect its level. Heritability of DMY was 0.16. Its genetic correlations with SCS and with blood glucose were -0.67 and 0.98, respectively. Heritability of SCS was 0.15. Genetic correlations of SCS with MUN, glucose, and IgG were -0.72, -0.59, and 0.68, respectively. Heritability of MUN was estimated to be 0.39 and had a genetic correlation of -0.35 with IgG. Heritabilities of blood glucose and IgG were 0.21 and 0.33, respectively. This study suggested that MUN, blood glucose and IgG could be considered important traits in future dairy selection programs to improve milk yield and its quality with better animal health and welfare. However, further studies are necessary involving more records to clarify the relationship between metabolic and immunological traits with DMY and its quality.

• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용곤충학회 2001년도 합동 춘계 학술발표회
• /
• pp.124-124
• /
• 2001

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
• /
• pp.21-24
• /
• 1991

• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용곤충학회 2001년도 추계 합동 심포지엄 및 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.162-162
• /
• 2001

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경과학회 2008년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.57-59
• /
• 2008