• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.789-797
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a protocol structure of a portable 4K Ultra High Definition (UHD) broadcast relay device that utilizes a 5G mobile communication network as a transport channel, and construct a prototype to conduct a broadcast relay performance test through a 5G mobile communication network. The test shows that the encoding time of the 4K UHD encoder is from a minimum of 86.28ms to a maximum of 88.41ms, the relay delay time in the 5G mobile communication network is 13.645ms on average, the delay variation is 17.49ms, and the glass-to-glass delay time is 289.90 on average, the delay variation is 27.63ms. Using the developed prototype, a relay test between Seoul and Anseong is conducted, and the possibility of 4K UHD broadcasting through a 5G mobile communication network is confirmed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2016

Background: Among the various ginseng strains, Shizhu ginseng is endemic to China, mainly distributed in Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County (Liaoning Province, China); however, not much is known about the compounds (especially saponins) in Shizhu ginseng. Methods: A rapid, sensitive, and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to separate and identify saponins in Shizhu ginseng. Results: The separation was carried out on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH $C_{18}$ column ($100mm{\times}2.1mm$, $1.7{\mu}m$) with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase under a gradient elution at $40^{\circ}C$. The detection was performed on a Micromass Quattro Micro API mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source in both positive and negative modes. Under the optimized conditions, a total of 31 saponins were identified or tentatively characterized by comparing retention time and MS data with related literatures and reference substances. Conclusion: The developed UHPLC-MS/MS method was suitable for identifying and characterizing the chemical constituents in Shizhu ginseng, which provided a helpful chemical basis for further research on Shizhu ginseng.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2019

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely generated in biological processes such as normal metabolism and response to xenobiotic exposure. While ROS can be beneficial or harmful to cells and tissues, generation of ROS by diverse anti-cancer drugs or phytochemicals plays an important role in the induction of apoptosis. We recently identified a derivative of naphthalene, MS-5, that induces apoptosis of an ovarian cell, CAOV-3. Interestingly, MS-5 induced apoptosis by down-regulating the ROS. Cell viability was evaluated by water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. Intracellular ROS ($H_2O_2$), mitochondrial superoxide, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and effect on cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Protein expression was assessed by western blotting. The level of ATP was measured using ATP Colorimetric/Fluorometric Assay kit. MS-5 inhibited growth of ovarian cancer cell lines, CAOV-3, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. MS-5 also induced G1 cell cycle arrest in CAOV-3 cells, while MS-5 decreased intracellular ROS generation. In addition, cells treated with MS-5 showed the decrease in MMP and ATP production. In this study, we found that treatment with MS-5 in CAOV-3 cells induced apoptosis but decreased ROS level. We suspect that MS-5 might interfere with the minimum requirements of ROS for survival. These perturbations appear to be concentration-dependent, suggesting that MS-5 may induce apoptosis by interfering with ROS generation. We propose that MS-5 may be a potent therapeutic agent for inducing apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell through regulation of ROS.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Malware files containing concealed malicious scripts have recently been identified within MS Office documents frequently. In response, this paper describes the design and implementation of a system that automatically detects malicious digital files using machine learning techniques. The system is proficient in identifying malicious scripts within MS Office files that exploit the OLE VBA macro functionality, detecting malicious scripts embedded within the CDH/LFH/ECDR internal field values through OOXML structure analysis, and recognizing abnormal CDH/LFH information introduced within the OOXML structure, which is not conventionally referenced. Furthermore, this paper presents a mechanism for utilizing the VirusTotal malicious script detection feature to autonomously determine instances of malicious tampering within MS Office files. This leads to the design and implementation of a machine learning-based integrated software. Experimental results confirm the software's capacity to autonomously assess MS Office file's integrity and provide enhanced detection performance for arbitrary MS Office files when employing the optimal machine learning model.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.74-78
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 고속의 변환속도를 갖는 파이프라인드 방식과 저전력 특성을 갖는 축차 비교 방식 구조를 혼용하여 고속, 저전력 아날로그-디지털 변환기를 설계하였다. 제안 된 구조는 축차 비교 방식의 변환에서 비교기를 파이프라인드 구조로 연결하여 홀드된 주기 에 비교기의 기준 전위를 전 비교기의 출력값에 의해 변환하도록 하여 고속 동작이 가능하 도록 하였다. 제안된 구조에 의해 8비트 아날로그 디지털 변환기를 0.8㎛ CMOS공정으로 HSPICE를 이용하여 시뮬레이션한 결과, INL/DNL은 각각 ±0.5/±1이었으며, 100kHz 사인 입력 신호를 10MS/s로 샘플링 하여 DFT측정 결과 SNR은 41dB를 얻을 수 있었다. 10MS/s의 변환 속도에서 전력 소모는 4.14mW로 측정되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to know the differences of MR spectra, obtained from normal volunteers by variable TE value, through the quantitative analysis of brain metabolites by peak integral and SNR between 1.5T and 3.0T, together with PRESS and STEAM pulse sequence. Single-voxel MR proton spectra of the human brain obtained from normal volunteers at both 3.0T MR system (Magnetom Trio, SIEMENS, Germany) and 1.5T MR system (Signa Twinspeed, GE, USA) using the STEAM and PRESS pulse sequence. 10 healthy volunteers (3.0T:3 males, 2 females; 1.5T : 3 males, 2 females) with the range from 22 to 30 years old (mean 26 years) participated in our study. They had no personal or familial history of neurological diseases and had a normal neurological examination. Data acquisition parameters were closely matched between the two field strengths. Spectra were recorded in the white matter of the occipital lobe. Spectra were compared in terms of resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), and echo time(TE) were estimated at both field strengths. Imaging parameters was used for acquisition of the proton spectrum were as follow : TR 2000msec, TE 30ms, 40ms, 50ms, 60ms, 90ms, 144ms, 288ms, NA=96, VOI=$20{\times}20{\times}20mm3$. As the echo times were increased, the spectra obtained from 3.0T and 1.5T show decreased peak integral and SNR at both pulse sequence. PRESS pulse sequence shows higher SNR and signal intensity than those of STEAM. Especially, Spectra in normal volunteers at 3.0T demonstrated significantly improved overall SNR and spectral resolution compared to 1.5T(Fig1). The spectra acquired at short echo time, 3T MR system shows a twice improvement in SNR compared to 1.5T MR system(Table. 1). But, there was no significant difference between 3.0Tand 1.5T at long TE It is concluded that PRESS and short TE is useful for quantification of the brain metabolites at 3.0T MRS, our standardized protocol for quantification of the brain metabolites at 3.0T MRS is useful to evaluate the brain diseases by monitoring the systematic changes of biochemical metabolites concentration in vivo.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.10-13
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• 2018

Until now microsatellite (MS) have been a popular choice of markers for parentage verification. Recently many countries have moved or are in process of moving from MS markers to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for parentage testing. FAO-ISAG has also come up with a panel of 200 SNPs to replace the use of MS markers in parentage verification. However, in many countries most of the animals were genotyped by MS markers till now and the sudden shift to SNP markers will render the data of those animals useless. As National Institute of Animal Science in South Korea plans to move from standard ISAG recommended MS markers to SNPs, it faces the dilemma of exclusion of old animals that were genotyped by MS markers. Thus to facilitate this shift from MS to SNPs, such that the existing animals with MS data could still be used for parentage verification, this study was performed. In the current study we performed imputation of MS markers from the SNPs in the 500-kb region of the MS marker on either side. This method will provide an easy option for the labs to combine the data from the old and the current set of animals. It will be a cost efficient replacement of genotyping with the additional markers. We used 1,480 Hanwoo animals with both the MS data and SNP data to impute in the validation animals. We also compared the imputation accuracy between BovineSNP50 and BovineHD BeadChip. In our study the genotype concordance of 40% and 43% was observed in the BovineSNP50 and BovineHD BeadChip respectively.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2011

Objectives: Although phthalates like dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) are commonly used as plasticizers and their metabolites are especially suspected of reproductive toxicity, little is known about occupational exposure to those phthalates. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of measuring the metabolite concentrations of DBP and DEHP in serum and urine samples as an indicator of occupational exposure to those phthalates. Methods: Phthalate metabolites were analyzed by using column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: We detected phthalate metabolites in serum and urine matrices at approximately 10-fold lower than the limit of detection of those metabolites in the same matrix by LC-MS/MS without column switching, which was sufficient to evaluate concentrations of phthalate metabolites for industrial workers and the general population. Conclusion: The accuracy and precision of the analytical method indicate that urinary metabolite determination can be a more acceptable biomarker for studying phthalate exposure and adverse health outcomes.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.847-854
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• 2017

A rapid, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of four barbiturates (phenobarbital, pentobarbital, amobarbital and secobarbital) in raw milk. The barbiturates were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction, ultrasonication and centrifugation, and purified on an SPE column. Analytes were separated by HPLC on a CSH C18 column eluted using an acetonitrile-water system with a linear gradient dilution programme, and detected by MS/MS. The recoveries of the barbiturates were 85.0-113.5%, and the intra- and inter-assay RSDs were less than 9.8% and 7.3%, respectively. The limit of detection was 5 ng/mL for all four of the barbiturates. The analytical method exhibited good linearity from 10 to 1000 ng/mL; the correlation coefficient ($r^2$) was greater than 0.9950 for each barbiturate. This method was also applied to the determination of barbiturates in real milk samples and was found to be suitable for the determination of veterinary drug residues in raw milk.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.225-228
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• 2006

To acquire the normal regeneration of plantlets, we investigated combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulations for optimal conditions of adventitious root formation. Based on the previous study, we performed callus and shoot induction. When induced shoot was transferred into a rooting medium containing plant hormones, it wilted and died. Thus, the shoot proliferated on 1/2 MS medium for 10 days and was then treated with MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L NAA for 3 days. Adventitious root formations were observed after shoot planlets were transferred to 1/3 MS medium. The concentrations of salt and sucrose were gradually reduced in MS medium and the rooted plantlets were transferred for acclimatization into a mixture of peatmoos : perlite (3 : 2).