• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2005

An 8-week of growth feeding trial was conducted to evaluate effects of the experimental extruded pellet (EP), commercial EP and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) for growing flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Three replicate groups of the fish average weighing 43.5 g were fed four experimental diets (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4), four commercial diets (EP5, EP6, EP7 and EP8) and MP. Weight gain of fish fed the EP2, EP3 and EP4 was the highest among treatments, but not significantly different to that of fish fed the EPl, EP7 and MP. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the MP were the lowest among treatments, but daily feed intake and daily protein intake of fish fed the MP were the highest among treatments. Moisture, lipid and ash contents of whole body were affected by diets, but protein content was not affected by diets. It is concluded that the dietary formulations used in the EP2, EP3 and EP4 can be applied in the practical exuded pellet feeds for growing flounder of 42-108g size.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.216-219
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• 2011

DASH(Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP)는 MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group)에서 표준화 중인 HTTP를 이용한 적응형 비디오 스트리밍 기술이다. 일반적으로 HTTP를 이용한 적응형 비디오 스트리밍에서 클라이언트가 사용할 수 있는 기능은 파일 전체 또는 그 일부를 다운로드하는 것이다. 따라서 전체 콘텐트를 작은 파일 조각 즉, 세그먼트(segment)로 분할하여 세그먼트들을 순차적으로 다운로드함으로써 마치 스트리밍이 달성되는 것과 같은 효과를 낼 수 있다. 네트워크의 상태에 따라 전송률을 조절하기 위해서는 서버에 서로 다른 비트율로 부호화된 세그먼트들을 함께 보관해 두어 클라이언트로 하여금 선택할 수 있게 한다. DASH에서는 MPEG-2 TS 또는 MPEG-4 파일 포맷(MP4)를 기반으로 하는 두 가지 형태의 서버 콘텐트를 제공할 수 있다. MP4 기반 DASH의 경우, 클라이언트가 수신한 세그먼트들을 순차적으로 이어 붙여 저장한다 하더라도 특별한 조건을 만족하는 경우를 제외하고는 MP4 파일을 재생할 수 있는 기존 미디어 플레이어가 이를 재생하지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특별한 조건을 제시하고 이를 검증하였다. 이 조건은 서버에서 제공하는 세그먼트들에 대한 조건이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.4199-4204
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• 2011

Using models simulating the environment of two distinct adsorption sites of $H_2$ in metal-organic framework-5 (MOF-5), binding energies of $H_2$ to MOF-5 were evaluated at the MP2 and CCSD(T) level. For organic linker section modeled as dilithium 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate ($C_6H_4(COO)_2Li_2$), the MP2 and CCSD(T) basis set limit binding energies are estimated to be 5.1 and 4.4 kJ/mol, respectively. For metal oxide cluster section modeled as $Zn_4O(CO_2H)_6$, while the MP2 basis set limit binding energy estimate amounts to 5.4 kJ/mol, CCSD(T) correction to the MP2 results is shown to be insignificant with basis sets of small size. Substitution of benzene ring with pyrazine ring in the model for the organic linker section in MOF-5 is shown to decrease the $H_2$ binding energy noticeably at both the MP2 and CCSD(T) level, in contrast to the previous study based on DFT calculation results which manifested substantial increase of $H_2$ binding energies upon substitution of benzene ring with pyrazine ring in the similar model.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.14
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• pp.19-28
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• 1994

We can get a tridiagonal block Toeplitz linear system by the finite difference approximation of 2-D Poisson equation. To exploit the nice property of this linear equation, we transform the equation into a Lyapunov equation and apply DST (discrete sine transform) to get diagonal matrix based Lyapunov equation. DST can be performed using FFT, which enables high-speed computaion. All the computations are performed on an SIMD parallel computer, the MasPar MP-2 with 4,096 processing elements. In this paper, parallel algorithm, mapping method of the algorithm onto the MP-2, and timing results are presented.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 1999

이 논문은 다른 병렬컴퓨터들의 비교를 통한 예를 이용하여 다음의 3 질문엣 중점을 두었다. (ⅰ) 각각의 다른 효율의 기준들이 다르게 적용되었을 때 어떻게 비교할 수 있는가\ulcorner (ⅱ) 병렬 컴퓨터의 설계에 있어서 연산과 통신 등의 구조적인 균형이 어떻게 컴퓨터의 효능에 영향을 미치게 되는가\ulcorner(ⅲ) 작은수의 빠른 프로세서들을 가진 병렬 컴퓨터와 많은 수의 덜 빠른 프로세서들을 가진 병렬컴퓨터중 어떤 것이 더 나은가\ulcorner 이 논문에서는 병렬컴퓨터 MasPar 16K 프로세서 MP-1과 4K 프로세서 MP-2가 예로써 비교된다. MP-2는 MP-1보다 프로세서의 개수는 적지만, 프로세서의 연산속도는 MP-1 보다 4-5 배 빠르다. 3가지의 다른 잘 알려진 수치 알고리즘들을 이용한 연산, 통신, 메모리 접근 그리고 기타의 오버헤드의 분석을 통하여 위의 질문들이 연구된다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.282-290
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• 2013

Biophysical and biochemical processes through which crops interact with the atmosphere have been simulated using land surface models and crop growth models. The Noah Multi Physics (MP) model and the CERES-Rice model, which are a land surface model, and a crop growth model, respectively, were used to simulate and compare rice growth and evapotranspiration (ET) in the areas near Haenam flux tower in Korea. Simulations using these models were performed from 2003 to 2012 during which flux measurements were obtained at the Haenam site. The Noah MP model failed to simulate the pattern of temporal change in leaf area index (LAI) after heading. The simulated aboveground biomass with the Noah MP model was underestimated by about 10% of the actual biomass. The ET simulated with the Noah MP model was as low as 21% of those with the CERES-Rice model. In comparison with actual ET measured at Haenam flux site, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the Noah MP model was 1.8 times larger than that of the CERES-Rice model. The Noah MP model seems to show less reliable simulation of crop growth and ET due to simplified phenology processes and assimilates partitioning compared with the CERES-Rice model. When ET was adjusted by the ratio between leaf biomass simulated using CERES-Rice model and Noah MP model, however, the RMSE of ET was reduced by 30%. This suggests that an improvement of the Noah MP model in representing rice growth in paddy fields would allow more reliable simulation of matter and energy fluxes.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.271-277
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• 2014

Purpose: A nationwide outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MP) refractory to macrolide antibiotics occurred in Korea during 2011. Steroid therapy has been reported to be both efficacious and well tolerated in pediatric patients with refractory MP. We compared clinical features and laboratory characteristics between children with refractory MP requiring steroid treatment and those with macrolide-responsive MP and evaluated the risk factors associated with refractory MP. Methods: We investigated 203 children who were admitted to our institution with MP from June to November 2011. Refractory MP was defined by persistent fever over $38.3^{\circ}C$ with progressive pulmonary consolidation or pleural effusion despite administration of appropriate macrolide antibiotics for 5 days or longer after admission. Steroid therapy was initiated on the fifth day after admission for refractory cases. Results: There were 26 patients with refractory MP requiring steroid therapy. The mean duration of steroid therapy was 5.4 days and most of the patients were afebrile within 24 hours after initiation of steroid therapy. The prevalence of refractory MP was higher in patients with pleural effusion, lobar pneumonia affecting more than 2 lobes, higher levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase, increased oxygen requirements, and longer duration of hospitalization. Atopic sensitization and history of asthma were also associated with refractory MP after adjusting for age and gender. Conclusion: Children with refractory MP had more severe pneumonia. Atopic sensitization and history of asthma may be risk factors for refractory MP requiring steroid therapy in Korean children.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2021

In the flotation process to remove microplastic (MP) particles, the attachment and separation efficiency is determined by the basic physicochemical characteristics of MP particles as well as bubbles. To evaluate the flotation characteristics of MP particles, we carried out a series of simulations using the population balance (PB) model. The initial attachment coefficient (αo) of MP particles was in the range of 0.2-0.275, and it was slightly lower than that of typical particles, such as clay, debris and algae particles, which exist in water bodies, αo, 0.3-0.4. The relative bubble number (RBN) attached to the surface of the typical number of bubbles was 0.30 and 0.32 for MP 30 ㎛ and MP 58 ㎛, respectively. In comparison, the RBN of larger MP particles (138 ㎛) was as high as 0.53. Furthermore, smaller microbubbles were required to separate properly or additional treatment needed to be applied to enhance collision and attachment efficiency since the flotation of MP particles was found to be difficult to treat as high-rate. As a result of comparing the removal rate (experimental value) of MP particles obtained from the batch-type flotation apparatus and the flotation removal rate (predicted value) of MP obtained through the PB model, the final particles by the particle size of MP overall except for the initial separation time area. With respect to the removal efficiency, the observed and predicted values were similar, and it was confirmed that the floating separation characteristics and evaluation of the MP particles through the PB model could be possible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.159-162
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 기존의 비디오와 오디오 중심의 멀티미디어 스트리밍 방법과는 달리 정지 영상의 스케줄 정보도 고려하여 전체 스트리밍의 QoS (Quality of Service)를 높이는 스트리밍 방법을 제안한다. MP4 콘텐츠의 분량이 커지고 내용이 복잡해질수록 비디오와 오디오 이 외의 데이터들을 더 이상 무시할 수 없게 된다. MP4의 장면 구성 정보를 알면 임의의 시점에서 재생되는 화면과 소리를 알 수가 있고, 이 정보, 즉 스케줄 정보를, 고려하여 정지영상 객체를 전송한다면 보다 효율적인 스트리밍이 가능하다 또한, 비디오와 오디오에 스케일러블 부호화를 적용하면 QoS를 높일 수 있듯이, 정지영상의 경우 Progressive JPEG을 이용하면 스케일러블한 전송이 가능하다. 이에 제안된 스트리밍 서버에서는 정지 영상 스케줄 정보와 정지 영상 객체를 Progressive JPEG으로 변환하여 스트리밍 서비스를 제공하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.1051-1054
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• 2002

현재 MPEG 국제 표준화 기구에서는 MPEG-4 IPMPX(Extensions of Intellectual Property Management and Protection system) 분야를 통하여 다양한 벤더(vendor)들에 의하여 개발된 서로 다른 보호 툴들이 하나의 사용자 단말 시스템에서 적용될 수 있도록 그 구조를 정의하고 있다. 이 기술은 각 툴을 유일하게 식별하도록 하는 툴 ID 와, 단말 시스템과 툴 사이, 또는 툴과 툴 사이에 의사소통을 위한 공통된 메시지 클래스에 기반을 두고 있다. 본 논문은 현재 표준화가 진행되고 있는 MPEG-4 IPMPX 규격[1]에 정의된 IPMPX 메시지를 통하여 동작할 수 있는 오디오 워터마킹 툴의 구현과 구현된 툴과 IPMP 시스템과의 연동에 관한 것이다. 구현된 툴이 실제 IPMPX 단말 시스템과 이상 없이 동작하는 것을 확인하기 위하여 IPMPX 규격에 정의된 Message Router와 Tool Manager를 MP3 플레이어에 적용한 단말 시스템에 기존의 복호화 툴과 구현된 워터마킹 툴을 연동하였으며, 암호화되어 입력된 MP3 파일이 복호화, 디코딩, 워터마크 추출 과정을 통과하여 이상 없이 재생됨을 확인하였다.