• 제목/요약/키워드: MLD

검색결과 157건 처리시간 0.041초

On Conditions of Phytoplankton Blooms in the Coastal Waters of the North-Western East/Japan Sea

  • Zuenko, Yury;Selina, Marina;Stonik, Inna
    • Ocean Science Journal
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    • 제41권1호
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    • pp.31-41
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    • 2006
  • Seasonal changes of abundance of the main phytoplankton groups of species (diatoms, dinoflagellates, chrysophytes, small flagellates and cryptophytes) and a set of environmental parameters were investigated in coastal and pre-estuarine waters of Peter the Great Bay (East/Japan Sea) in May-October of 1998 and 1999. Three periods of mass development were revealed: spring, summer and autumn blooms, with successive change of species. The conditions favourable for each group of species were determined. Driving mechanisms of the succession include nutrients transport through seasonal pycnocline by turbulent mixing, terrestrial nutrients supply by monsoon floods, nutrients supply by upwellings, and light control by the thickness of upper mixed layer. Summer succession could be explained by a simple SST-MLD diagram similar to Pingree S-kh diagram with sea surface temperature as indicator of stratification (S) and mixed layer depth as indicator of light availability (kh).

웨이브렛 변환을 이용한 태양광 발전시스템의 외란측정에 관한 연구 (Study on the power quality measurement in the photovoltaic system using wavelet transformation)

  • 이정은;김현복;이진국;김일송
    • 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 전력전자학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.174-175
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문에서는 wavelet 변환을 이용하여 태양광 발전 시스템의 외란을 측정하는 방법을 연구하였다. MLD(Multi-Level Decomposition) 기법을 이용하여, 계산량이 적으면서도 빠른 시간내에 외란의 종류와 크기를 알아낼 수 있다. Wavelet 이론 소개와 컴퓨터 모의실험, DSP 제어기를 이용한 실험 결과로서 본 연구의 타당성을 입증하였다.

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차세대 고속철도 차량 측면 적층재의 차음성능 (Sound Insulation Performance of the Side Layered Panels in the Next Generation High Speed Train)

  • 이중혁;이호진;박인석;김석현
    • 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.457-462
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    • 2011
  • The sidewall of the HEMU-400x consists of two parts. One is the multi-layered structure including aluminium extruded panel and the other is the double glazed window. When the train runs in a tunnel, the equivalent sound insulation performance of the side wall significantly influences the internal noise levels. In aspect of the sound insulation strategy, it is important to make two parts have similar performance. In this study, the intensity sound transmission loss (ITL) is measured on the specimens of the two parts. Mass law deviation (MLD) is considered in order to compare the sound insulation performance of the two parts in respect of the weight. Contribution of each part to the sound insulation is analyzed and the sound insulation strategy is investigated to reduce the interior noise.

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ML검출 기반 공간다중화 MIMO 시스템의 UEP 프리코더 선정기술 (UEP Precoder Selection Technique for ML Detected SM MIMO Systems)

  • 박재영;김재권
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.747-749
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    • 2017
  • 본 논문에서는 maximum-likelihood (ML) 신호검출을 사용하는 공간다중화 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) 시스템을 위한 새로운 unequal error protection (UEP) 프리코더 선정기술을 제안한다. 기존 프리코더 선정기술들은 UEP를 고려하지 않고 설계되었으나, 제안된 기술은 다중안테나 UEP를 고려한다. 모의실험을 통해 제안된 기술의 적용에 따른 향상된 다중안테나 UEP 성능을 확인한다.

1Gbps급 MIMO MB-OFDM 시스템을 위한 효율적인 심볼 검출기 구현 (Implementation of Symbol Detector for 1Gbps MIMO MB-OFDM System)

  • 임준하;조언선;김재석
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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    • pp.649-650
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    • 2006
  • An analysis is made of a new 1Gbps MB-OFDM system having same bandwidth and transmission power as conventional 480Mbps system. $2{\times}2$ MIMO scheme and MLD with soft decision demodulation algorithm are proposed in this paper. As a result of hardware implementation, it showed as same performance as conventional MB-OFDM system, while presenting doubled data rates and low complexity.

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LB법에 의해서 제작된 DLPC 지질막의 캐패시턴스 특성 (The Capacitance Properities of DLPC Liquid Membrance Fabricatied by LB Method)

  • 정용호;이우선
    • 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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    • 제11권8호
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    • pp.628-636
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    • 1998
  • LB layers L-$\alpha$-DLPC deposited by LB method were deposited onto n-type silicon wafer as Z-type film. Films made up of 8, 16 layers of lipid with long alkyl chain and the thickness of monolayer and multiayers was determined by ellipsometry. Ut was deposited Ag and Al onto LB layers and silicon wafer for electrode and small electrode exhibit high capacitiance and low lekage current. The C-V curves of the MLS capacitor shows very high saturation value of capacitance. And cross-sectional SEM image of MLD capacitor indicated the presence of pore with Al electrode and we found that the Ag is good for electrode metal.

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Effect of Impact Energy on the Impact-Wear Properties of High Manganese Steels in Acidic Corrosive Conditions

  • Wang, Kai;Du, Xiao-Dong;Wu, Kai;Youn, Kuk-Tae;Lee, Chan Gyu;Koo, Bon Heun
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • 제7권6호
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    • pp.362-369
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    • 2008
  • The impact abrasion behavior of high manganese steel is investigated under three kinds of impact energy in acid hematite ore slurry by using a modified MLD-10 impact abrasion tester. Through the SEM observation of the worn surface and the optical metallographic analysis of the cross-sectional samples, the corrosive impact abrasion mechanisms of the steel under different impact energies are studied. In acid-hematite slurry, the variations of impact energies would result in synchronous transformation of the impact abrasion properties and mechanisms of the high manganese steel in the corrosive condition, as led different corrosive impact abrasion mechanism under different impact energies.

틸팅열차 측면재의 차음 전략 (Sound Insulation Strategy of the Side Panels in a Tilting Train)

  • 김석현;서태건
    • 산업기술연구
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    • 제31권A호
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    • pp.33-38
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    • 2011
  • In an express tilting train, side wall insulating the noise from the exterior sound source consists of two parts. One is the layered composite panel including aluminum honeycomb, glass wool and nomex honeycomb. The other is the double glazed window. In this study, sound insulation performance of the two parts is investigated by mass law and experiment. Based on ASTM E2249-02, the intensity sound transmission loss (TL) is measured on the specimens of the two parts. Mass law deviation (MLD) is considered in order to compare the sound insulation performance in respect of weight. Contribution of each part to the sound insulation is analyzed and the sound insulation strategy for the interior noise reduction is investigated.

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웨이브릿 변환에 의한 동기발전기의 고장검출 (Fault Detection of Synchronous Generator using Wavelet Transform)

  • 박철원;신명철
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.640-641
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was applied a fault detection of a synchronous generator being superior to a transient state signal analysis and being easy to real time realization. The fault signals after executing a terminal fault modeling collect using a MATLAB package, and calculate the wavelet coefficients through the process of a multi-level decomposition (MLD). The proposed algorithm of a fault detection of a generator using Daubechies WT (wavelet transform) was executed with a C language for the commend line function and for the real time realization after analyzing MATLAB's graphical interface.

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비소세포폐암 III, IV기 환자에 있어서 Shell-Type Pseudo Target을 이용한 세기 조절 방사선치료계획기법의 유용성 평가 (Assessment of the Usefulness of an IMRT Plan Using a Shell-Type Pseudo Target with Patients in Stage III or IV of NSCLC)

  • 이상봉;박기주;박두찬;김만우;김준곤;노성환
    • 대한방사선치료학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.95-106
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    • 2012
  • 목 적: 비소세포폐암(Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, NSCLC) III, IV기 환자의 방사선 치료 시 Shell-Type Pseudo Target의 유무에 따른 IMRT 치료계획의 유용성을 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: NSCLC III, IV기 환자 22명을 대상으로 Shell-Type Pseudo Target이 있을 때와(SPT) Shell-Type Pseudo Target이 없을 때(WSPT) 각각의 세기변조방사선치료(Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy, IMRT)계획을 세운 후, 선량-체적 히스토그람(Dose-Volume Histogram, DVH) 분석을 통해 종양 표적 내의 균일성 지수(Homogeneity Index, HI), 종양 표적에 대한 선량조형 지수(Conformity Index, CI), 척수 최대선량(Spinal Cord Maximum Dose), 식도에 대한 $V_{50%}$, 평균 폐 선량(Mean Lung Dose, MLD), 폐에 대한 $V_{40%}$ $V_{30%}$ $V_{20%}$ $V_{10%}$ $V_{5%}$ 등의 선량학적인 비교를 통해서 평가하였다. 결 과: WSPT와 SPT에 따른 각각의 CI 값은 평균 $1.22{\pm}0.04$, $1.16{\pm}0.032$ (.000*), HI 값은 평균 $1.06{\pm}0.015$, $1.07{\pm}0.014$ (.000*)로 나타났으며, CI 값은 SPT의 경우에서 각각의 차이 값에 대한 평균은 $-5.16{\pm}2.54%$의 감소를 보였으며, HI 값은 SPT의 경우에서 평균 $0.81{\pm}0.47%$ 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 식도에 대한 $V_{50%}$에서는 각각 $14.54{\pm}12.01%$ (WSPT), $12.14{\pm}11.09%$ (.000*, SPT)로 SPT에서 차이 값에 대한 평균이 $-26.37{\pm}25.05%$ 감소되었고, 척수 최대선량에서도 평균 선량이 각각 $3,898.44{\pm}1,075.0$ cGy (WSPT), $3,810.8{\pm}1,134.9$ cGy (.004*, SPT)로 SPT의 경우 평균 $-3.36{\pm}5.81%$ 감소되었다. 폐에 대한 $V_{X%}$에서는 $V_{5%}$, $V_{10%}$의 경우 차이 값에 대한 평균이 $-1.62{\pm}2.29%$ (.006*), $-1.98{\pm}5.02%$ (.005*)로 SPT의 경우에서 감소됨을 보여 주었고, 마찬가지로 $V_{20%}$, $V_{30%}$, $V_{40%}$에서도 각각 $-3.51{\pm}3.07%$ (.000*), $-4.84{\pm}6.01%$ (.000*), $-6.16{\pm}8.46%$ (.001*)로 SPT 경우에서 통계학적으로 유의함을 보이면서 감소한 것으로 나타났다. MLD의 평가에서도 SPT의 경우에서 평균 $-2.83{\pm}2.41%$ (.000*)의 감소를 보여주었으며, 이는 평균 169 cGy (Max: 547 cGy, Min: 6.4 cGy)의 처방선량을 SPT 사용 시 올릴 수 있는 결과를 보여주었다. 결 론: NSCLC III, IV기 환자의 방사선 치료 시 SPT를 이용한 IMRT 치료계획이 정상 폐에 들어가는 방사선량을 줄임으로 인해 방사선치료로 유발되는 폐렴의 위험을 감소시킬 수 있을 거라 생각되고, 또한 얼마간의 처방선량 증가로 인한 방사선치료 국소제어실패율을 감소시키는 동시에 치료효과를 증대 시킬 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

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