• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2024

Purpose: Cancer is the leading cause of death in Koreans, with breast cancer being the most common among women. Breast cancer readily metastasizes, and the existing treatment processes impose a significant burden on patients. This study examined whether pomegranate-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PNVs) have anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cell infiltration and metastasis while increasing apoptosis on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Methods: Initially, exosome-like nanovesicles were isolated from pomegranate using ultracentrifugation. Subsequently, the size range of these nanovesicles was confirmed using nanoparticle tracking analysis. The ability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells to internalize these natural nanovesicles was assessed with flourescence microscope. The anti-cancer effects of the PNVs were confirmed by applying various concentrations of PNVs (10, 50, 100 ㎍/mL) to MDA-MB-231 cells and systematically assessing their impact on cell viability and migration. Results: The round shape of the lipid bilayer in the PNVs was confirmed, providing crucial insights into their structural properties. We demonstrate that PNVs-associated DiD dye can be efficiently internalized by the MDA-MB-231 cells. The data showed that the PNVs inhibited cell viability, invasion rates, and migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, PNVs were absorbed into the MDA-MB-231 cells, leading to an increased expression of apoptosis proteins, such as cleaved caspase-3 and phosphorus-JNK, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, a reduction in cell infiltration and decreased expression of the transition markers MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were observed. Conclusion: For the first time, this study suggests that PNVs may be useful in the prevention or treatment of breast cancer by inhibiting the infiltration and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells and inducing apoptosis.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.517-523
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• 1994

The effects of cure kinetics and mechanism of DGEBA(diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A)/MDA(4,4'-methylene dianiline) with SN(succinonitrile) and HQ(hydroquinone) as an additive and accelerator were investigated. Cure kinetics was evaluated by Kissinger equation and fractional-life method through DSC analysis. The activation energy has hydroxyl group as an accelerator, the activation energy and the starting cure-temperature were lower than those of DGEBA/MDA/SN system. Cure mechanism of those systems was investigated through FT-IR according to the various SN contents. The ratio was SN : HQ = 4 : 1. It has been known that the cure reactions of an epoxy-diamine system are composed of primary amine-epoxy reaction, secondary amino-epoxy reaction and epoxy-hydroxyl group reaction. But in DGEBA/MDA/SN system, primary amino-CN group reaction and CN group-hydroxyl group reaction were added to the above mentioned reactions. These reactions attributed to the long main chain and the low crossliking density. And in DGEBA/MDA/SN/HQ system, hydroxyl group of HQ formed a transition state with epoxide group and amime group and also opened the ring of the epoxide group rapidly, then amino-epoxy reaction took place easily.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.195-199
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• 2003

An analysis method for the determination of methylendedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its metabolite methylendedioxymethamphetamine (MDA) in hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was proposed. For MDMA and MDA analysis, hair samples were incubated in MeOH (1％ HCl), derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride and assayed by GC/MS. Hair of 18 subjects for drug abuse was analyzed for MDMA and MDA. Calibration curves for the determination of MDMA and MDA in hair showed a good linearity at a concentration range from 0.5 ng to 250 ng ($r^2$=0.999) The extraction recovery was determined from hair blanks at 50, 100 ng. The percentage of recovery were found to be 96.08∼103.48 with CV value of 1.62∼3.89. The concentrations of MDMA and MDA ranged 1.14∼38.06 ng/mg and 0.07∼3.91 ng/mg, respectively in 18 hair samples from MDMA abusers. The ratio of MDMA to MDA ranged from 9.65∼28.46 in all specimen. Hair analysis for MDMA is a useful method for identification of long-term drug abuser.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04c
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• pp.85-87
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• 2003

이종의 컴포넌트 개발 플랫폼 및 다양한 구현 기술의 발달로 이들간의 상호 운용성 및 통합을 지원하기 위하여 OMG에서 채택한 MDA(Model Driven Architecture) 기반 소프트웨어 개발이 대두되고 있다. MDA 기반 소프트웨어 개발 방법에서 기본적으로 고려하고 있는 것은 새로운 컴포넌트 생성을 초점으로 하고 있어 이미 개발되어 있는 컴포넌트의 조립에 대한 고려도 요구된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 MDA의 중심 개념인 플랫폼독립 모델(PIM： Platform Independent Model)과 플랫폼 종속 모델(PSM: Platform Specific Model)의 분리와 매핑을 통한 변환에 대해 조립하고자 하는 EJB 컴포넌트를 고려하여 플랫폼 독립 모델을 생성하고 이를 플랫폼 종속 모델로 변환하는 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.71-77
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• 2006

1984년 폰노이만이 최초로 메로리에 저장된 프로그램을 이용하는 현대식 컴퓨터인 IBM SSEC를 발명한 이후, 거의 50여 년 동안 소프트웨어를 만드는 기술은 끊임없이 변화해 왔다. 최근 대두되고 있는 MDD/MDA 기술은 모델 및 코드 간의 자동변환을 통한 소프트웨어 개발생산성을 향상 시키기 위한 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 CBD 방법론으로 수행된 SI 프로젝트에서 MDD/MDA 기술 적용으로 인한 생산성 향상 효과를 기능점수 (Function Point) 관점에서 분석하여 제시한다. 또한 본 사례의 프로젝트에서 적용한 MDD/MDA적용 방법을 소개한다.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.14-14
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• 1997

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2009

In order to cope with risk issues of overseas on 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (4,4'-MDA) known to used in the production of polyamide resins, we investigated on 4,4'-MDA migration from plastic cooking utensils. 93 samples of plastic cooking utensils were collected from the retail markets in 7 major cities of Korea during March to June, 2007 and 4,4'-MDA levels migrated to food simulants, water, 4% acetic acid, 20% ethanol and n-heptane, on plastic cooking utensils was quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 4,4'-MDA was detected in 14 samples, and the levels of 4,4'-MDA migrated to food simulants were in the range of $0.001{\sim}0.026$ ppm. Among them, the 4,4'-MDA migration amounts of 2 samples were above 0.01 ppm defined by the EU.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.6073-6080
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• 2015

Background: Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (MDA-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24), a unique tumor suppressor gene, has killing activity in a broad spectrum of cancer cells. Herein, plasmids producing mda-7 proteins fused to different RGD peptides (full RGD4C and shortened RGD, tRGD) were evaluated for apoptosis induction with a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, Hep-G2. The study aim was to improve the apoptosis potency of mda-7 by tethering to RGD peptides. Materials and Methods: Three plasmids including mda-7, mda-7-RGD and mda-7-tRGD genes beside a control vector were transfected into Hep-G2 cells. After 72 hours incubation, cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. In addition, the rate of apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry using PI/annexin staining. To detect early events in apoptosis, 18 hours after transfection, expression of the BAX gene was quantified by real time PCR. Modeling of proteins was also performed to extrapolate possible consequences of RGD modification on their structures and subsequent attachment to receptors. Results and Conclusions: In MTT assays, while all mda-7 forms showed measurable inhibition of proliferation, unmodified mda-7 protein exhibited most significant effect compared to control plasmid (P<0.001). Again, flow cytometry analysis showed a significant apoptosis induction by simple mda-7 gene but not for those RGD-fused mda-7 proteins. These findings were also supported by expression analysis of BAX gene (P<0.001). Protein modelling analysis revealed that tethering RGD at the end of IL-24/Mda7 disrupt attachment to cognate receptor, IL-20R1/IL-20R2. In conclusion, fusion of RGD4C and shortened RGD peptides to carboxyl terminal of mda7, not only reduce apoptosis property in vitro but also disrupt receptor attachment as demonstrated by protein modelling.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.667-672
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• 1995

Cure kinetics of DGEBA(diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A)/MDA(4, 4'-methylene dianiline)/SN(succinonitrile) system and DGEBA/MDA/SN/HQ(hydroquinone) system was studied by Kissinger equation and Fractional life method through DSC in the temperature range of 85∼150$^{\circ}C$. As cure temperature was increased, reaction rate increased and reaction order was almost constant. The reaction rate of the system with HQ as a catalyst was more higher and activation energy of that was lower about 20% than those of the system without HQ. Starting temperature of cure reaction for DGEBA/MDA/SN/HQ system decreased about 30$^{\circ}C$ than that of DGEBA/MDA/SN system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.301-308
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of physical fitness, MDA, SOD after short-term weight reduction through exercise, food restriction and exhalation of sweat among Taekwondo players. The subjects ten male collage Taekwondo players with excellent practical skills, and more than seven years of experiences. They were asked to reduce about 5% of their body weight in seven days. Physical fitness levels were analyzed through grip strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, power, agility, balance, reaction time and MDA and SOD through blood test. The results of this study were as follows; First, there was no significant change in physical fitness due to short-term weight reduction in muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, power, agility, balance and reaction time. Second, The change of MDA and SOD, resulting from short-term weight reduction did not show significant difference statistically. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that the Taekwondo players' short-term weight reduction of 5% of their body weight did not influence on their athletic performance and physiological capacity. Therefore athletes and coaches should endeavor to take exercise, dietary, and dehydration into consideration when conducting 5% of their body weight reduction in a week.