• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.22-42
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• 1990

Sabaiksan has been prescribed to treat various allergic diseases in herbal medicine which were induced by various vasoactive amine released from the mast cells. The constituents of Sabaiksan are Mori Cortex Radices(MCR), Lycii Cortex Radicis(LCR) and Glycyrrhizae Radix(GR). Recently, simple models of compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic shock and cutaneous reaction in vivo were developed to test various agents employed in the field of allergy and toxicology research. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Sabaiksan on compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic stock, cutaneous reaction and mesenteric mast cell degranulation rate in ICR mice, and on compound 48/80 induced peritoneal mast cell degranulation and histamine release in vitro. Groups of ICR mice were intraperitoneally pretreated with $100{\mu}{\ell}$ of saline, $MCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;LCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;GR(g/m{\ell})$ or Sabaiksan itself(MCR+LCR+GR) at 24, 12 and 1 hour before compound 48/80 solution ($10{\mu}{\ell}/gm$ B. W) were peritoneally given into them, and then mortality within 72 hours after the compound 48/80 injection, and mesenteric mast cell degranulation rate at 15 minutes after compound 48/80 injection were calculated. In vitro experiment, $400{\mu}{\ell}$ of rat peritoneal mast cell suspension$(10^6cell/m{\ell})$ were pretreated with $50{\mu}{\ell}$ of saline, $MCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;LCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;GR(g/m{\ell})$ or Sabaiksan itself at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then $50{\mu}{\ell}$ of compound 48/80 solution $(100{\mu}g/m{\ell})$ were added into it. 30 minutes after the addition of compound 48/80 solution, histamine release assay in the supernatant of peritoneal mast cell suspension were performed employing radioisotope enzymatic assay and morphologic changes of mast cells in each regular time point were photographed. Compared with controls, compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic shock was significantly inhibited by MCR and GR pretreatment into the ICR mice. Significant inhibition of compound 48/80 induced cutaneous reaction, mesenteric mast cell degranulation rate in vivo and histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro was observed only in MCR pretreated group. From the above results, it is suggested that MCR component of Sabaiksan may playa key role to suppress mast cell function since it has been applied to various allergic diseases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1869-1879
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• 2000

A series of experiments were conducted for modeling the fate and effect of the coupled oxidation reduction reaction of ethanol and propionate recognized as important intermediates in anaerobic degradation metabolism. Anaerobic kinetics for conversion of propionate and the interaction with ethanol were investigated using the model of specific substrate priority utilization effect. Seed cultures for the experiment were obtained from an anaerobically enriched steady-state propionate master culture reactor (HPr-MCR), ethanol-propionate master culture reactor (EtPr-MCR) and glucose master culture reactor (Glu-MCR). Experiments were consisted of four phases. Phase I, II and III were conducted by fixing the propionate organic loading as 1.0 g COD/L with increasing ethanol loading of 0, 100, 200, 400 and 1,000 mg/L, to find metabolic interaction of ethanol and propionate degradation by each enriched anaerobic culture. In phase IV, different mixing ratios of Glu-MCR and HPr-MCR cultures with fixed propionate organic loading, 1.0 g COD/L, were applied to observe the propionate degradation metabolic behavior. In the results of this study, different pathways of propionate and ethanol conversion were found using a modified competitive inhibition kinetic model. Increase of $K_{s2}$ value reflected the formation of acetate followed by ethanol degradation. In addition. $K_3$ value was increased slightly as the reactions of acetate formation and degradation were occurred in acetoclastic methanogenesis.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.225-229
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• 2005

To investigate impediments to plasmid transformation in Brevibacterium flavum BF4 and B. lactofermentum BL1, cell surface barriers were determined by measuring growth inhibition whilst enzymatic barriers were determined by comparing DNA methylation properties. B. lactofermentum was more sensitive to growth inhibition by glycine than B. flavum. Release of cellular proteins during sonication was more rapid for B. lactofermentum than for B. flavum. Plasmid DNA (pCSL 17) isolated from B. flavum transformed recipient $McrBC^+$ strains of Escherichia coli with lower efficiency than $McrBC^-$. McrBC digestion of this DNA confirmed that B. flavum contain methylated cytidines in the target sequence of McrBc sequences but B. lactofermentum contained a different methylation pattern. DNA derived from the B. lactofermentum transformed recipient $EcoKR^+$ strains of E. coli with lower efficiency than $EcoKR^-$, indicating the presence of methylated adenosines in the target sequence of EcoK sequences. The present data describe the differences in the physical and enzymatic barriers between two species of corynebacteria and also provide some insight into the successful foreign gene expression in corynebacteria.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.219-219
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• 2003

HVOF(High Velocity Oxygen Fuel)법을 사용한 MCrAlY(M=Ni, Co, Fe)계 열차폐 코팅(thermal barrier coating)은 열기관 내부의 극심한 환경 부하에 대해 구조물 표면에 열적, 화학적 장벽을 형성함으로써 구조물의 내구성을 향상시킨다 이와 동시에 열차폐 효과는 구조물의 온도상승 없이 내부 가동 온도를 높일 수 있게 함으로써 열효율을 상승시키고 연료 효율을 높여 가동비용 절감을 이룰 수 있는 동시에 고 연소를 통한 오염원의 배출을 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 $H_2O$$_2$=5:1 분위기 하에서 HVOF법을 사용하여 Hastelloy-X 기판위에 125$\mu\textrm{m}$의 두께로 다음 5종류의 (Ni, Co, Cr)계 MCrAlY 코팅을 용사시켰다. 준비된 (Ni, Co)-Cr-Al-(Y, Ta, Re), (Ni, Co)-Cr-Al-(Y, Re), (Ni, Co)-Cr-Al-(Y, Ta), (Ni, Co)-Cr-Al-Y, (Ni,Co)-Cr-Al-Ir 코팅시편에 대한 산화성질을 조사하기 위해 대기 중 1000, 1100, 120$0^{\circ}C$에서 50, 100, 150, 200시간 등온실험(Isothermal oxidation)을 실시하였고, XRD, SEM/EDS, EPMA를 이용하여 생성된 산화막과 코팅 시편의 조직 변화를 조사하였다. 산화온도와 산화시간이 증가할수록 산화막의 박리가 많이 발생하였으며, 분석 결과 미세하게 분포된 a-Al$_2$O$_3$ 입자, NiCr$_2$O$_4$스피넬 상, 미세한 Cr$_2$O$_3$가 관찰되었고, 코팅 조성 변화에 따라 형성되는 이들 산화물의 존재비가 달라졌으며, 산화온도가 높아질수록 산화속도가 가속화되었다.

• International Journal of Safety
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.7-11
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• 2008

In this paper, a Magnetic Core Reactor (MCR) which forms a part of the DC reactor type three-phase high-Tc superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) has been developed. This SFCL is more economical than other types with three coils since it uses only one high-Tc superconducting (HTS) coil. When DC reactor type three-phase high-Tc SFCL is developed using just one coil, fewer power electronic devices and shorter HTS wire are needed. The SFCL proposed in this paper needs a power-linking device to connect the SFCL to the power system. The design concept for this device was sprang from the fact that the magnetic energy could be changed into the electrical energy and vice versa. Ferromagnetic material is used as a path of magnetic flux. When high-Tc superconducting DC reactor is separated from the power system by using SCRs, this device also limits fault current until the circuit breaker is opened. The device mentioned above was named Magnetic Core Reactor (MCR). MCR was designed to minimize the voltage drop and total losses. Majority of the design parameters was tuned through experiments with the design prototype. In the experiment, the current density of winding conductor was found to be $1.3\;A/mm^2$, voltage drop across MCR was 20 V and total losses on normal state was 1.3 kW.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.343-348
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to prepare the controlled release adhesive patch containing naproxen. Pressuresensitive adhesive (PSA)-type patch was fabricated by casting of polyisobutylene (PIE.) and mineral oil in toluene. Membrane-controlled release (MCR)-type patch was prepared by the attachment of the controlled release membrane on the PSAtype patch. The membrane was mainly composed of Eudragit, polyethylene glycol(PEG) and glycerin. The drug release profile and skin permeation test with various patches were evaluated in vitro. The release of naproxen from PIE-based PSAtype patch with various loading doses fitted Higuchi's diffusion equation. However, the permeation of naproxen through hairless mouse skin from PSA-type patch followed zero-order kinetics. In MCR-type patch, thickness of controlled release membrane affected on the drug release rate highly. In the composition of membrane, the release rate was decreased as the ratio of Eudragit increased. The drug release from the MCR-type patch followed zero order kinetics. The permeation of naproxen through hairless mouse skin from MCR-type patch showed lag time for the intial release period and didn't fit the zero-order kinetics

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.129-135
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• 2014

The number of abnormal operation procedures (AOPs) for mitigating a plant abnormal status amounts to about one hundreds for the most of 1000MWe optimized power plant (OPR1000) and it is expected that the number of AOPs would be increased to cope with an abnormal status occurred newly. However, it is not well organized for operators to select a proper AOP from alarms occurred in main control room (MCR) during a plant abnormal status. It may be a burden to operators since the selection of AOP to respond an abnormal status is authorized by operators. When multiple alarms occur in MCR, it would take more time to respond them than a single alarm. To reduce the efforts, various MCR operation support systems have been developed. The purpose of this study was to develop a multi-alarm pattern card to select an appropriate AOP effectively when multiple alarms occurs in a single upper layout (UL) of MCR. It can be applied for an operation support tool as well as an education tool.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.491-498
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• 2007

It has been hypothesized that efficient exclusion of methylated retrotransposons and repeated DNA region is one of the rapid and cost-effective approaches for comprehensive gene discovery in large genome size of maize. Three kinds of methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes, HapII, MspI and McrBC, were used to identify the restriction frequency of cytosine methylation sites in maize genome. Roughly 60% of total maize genomic DNA was restricted less than 500bp by McrBC, and the most of restricted small size fraction was composed retrotransposon. In order to validate the efficient construction of gene-rich shotgun library, we compare two gene-rich methyl-filtration shotgun libraries using in vivo and in vitro methyl-filtration system. The size selected DNA fraction by Sau3A-McrBC enzyme treated was very stable and has not appeared modification in E. coli, but most insert DNA size of partially digested with Sau3A were decrease less than 500bp by bacterial methylation-modification system. In compare of retroelements portion, A 44.6% of the sequences were retroelement in unmethyl-filtered library, and the most of them was Copia type, such as Prem, Opie and Ji. The portion of retroelement was drastically decreased to 25% and 20% by in vivo and in vitro filtration system, respectively.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2008

Medical verification of cancer diagnosis in insurance claims is a very important procedure in insurance administrations. Claims staffs are in need of medical experts' opinions about claim administration. This procedure is called medical claim review (MCR) and is composed of verification and advice. MCR verification evaluates the insured’s physical condition by medical records and compares it with product coverage. It is divided into assessment of living assurance benefit, verification of cancer, and assessment of the cause of death. Actually cancer verification of MCR is applicable to coding because the risk ratio in product development is usually coded data. There are some confusing neoplastic diseases in assessing the verification of cancer. This article reviews gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue tumors (MALToma) of the stomach. The second most common group of stromal or mesenchymal neoplasms affecting the gastrointestinal tract is GIST. Nowadays there are many articles about the pathophysiology of GIST. However there are few confirmative theories except molecular cell biology of KIT mutation and some tyrosine kinase. Therefore, coding the GIST, which has previously been classified as an intermediate risk group according to NIH2001 criteria, for cancer verification of MCR is suitable for D37.1; neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior of digestive organs and the stomach. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas of the MALT type, now called extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type in the REAL/WHO classification, are the most common primary gastric lymphomas worldwide. Its characteristics are as follows. First, it is different from traditional stomach cancers such as gastric adenocarcinoma. Second, the primary therapy of MALToma is the eradication of H. pylori by antibiotics and the remission rate is over 80%. Third, it has a different clinical course compared to traditional malignant lymphoma. Someone insisted that cancer verification is not possible for the above reasons. However, there have been findings on pathologic mechanism, and according to WHO classification, MALToma is classified into malignant B-cell lymphoma and it must be verified as malignancy in MCR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.921-924
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• 2004

This paper is to investigate a crack for plasma sprayed MCrAlY coated material by acoustic emission method in 4-point bending test. The CoNiCrAlY is coated on Inconel-718 by vacuum plasma spray process. Micro-hardness measurement was conducted by means of Micro Vickers-hardness indentor. The porosity of coating layer was measured using a SEM and Image Analyzer. AE monitoring system is composed of PICO type sensor, a wide band preamplifier(40dB), a PC and AE DSP(16/32 PAC) board. The AE count, Hit and energy of coating specimens is measured according to coating thickness.