• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.255-259
• /
• 1999

The anticarcinogenic effects of the methanol extracts from leek (buchu in Korean) kimchi and Korean cabbage kimchi were evaluated using cytotoxicity and transformation tests in C3H/10T1/2 cells. Various fractions of the 6-day fermented leek kimchi at 15$^{\circ}C$, hexane, methanol soluble, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fraction, were also studied in the same system. The inhibitory effect of the leek kimchi(6-day fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$, pH 4.29) was higher than that of the Korean cabbage kimchi(4-day fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$, pH 4.21) on the cytotoxicity induced by 3-methylcholanthrane (MCA) in the C3H/10T1/2 cell system. While the MCA-treated culture(control) formed 21.0 foci of type II plus III in C3H/10T1/2 cells, 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of the methanol extract of the leek kimchi and that of the 4-day fermented Korean cabbage kimchi treated cultures reduced the formation of type II plus III foci to 7.4 and 11.3, respectively. Among the fractions of the leek kimchi, the dichloromethane fraction showed the highest inhibitory effect on MCA-induced cytotoxicity in C3H/10T1/2 cells. Fifty $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of dichloromethane fraction from the leek kimchi suppressed the MCA-induced cytotoxicity by 77%. On the transformation test using MCA, the dichloromethane fraction considerably reduced the formation of type II plus III foci, especially thpe III foci. When 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of dichloromethane fraction from the leek kimchi was treated, the numbers of type III foci mediated by MCA were decreased to 1.7 compared to 10 for the control. These results indicate that leek kimchi has stronger anticarcinogenic effects than Korean cabbage kimchi and that the dichloromethane fraction of the leek kimchi may contain the major compound(s) that suppress the carcinogenesis in the eukaryotic cells.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.26-30
• /
• 1999

본 연구에서는 ERP검사 중에는 중뇌동맥의 MFV가 검사전후와 비교하여 유의하게 증가힌 소견을 보였다. 비록 중뇌동맥의 혈류속도의 변화가 뇌활동정도를 직접 반영할 수는 없다고 생각이 되지만 이 연구의 결과로 P300의 생성에 중뇌동맥에 의해서 영양받는 전두엽, 측두엽 및 두정엽이나 다른 대뇌부위가 관여할 것으로 사료된다. 경두개도플러검사는 다른 뇌기능활동을 반영할 수 있는 양전자방출단층촬영이나 단일광자방출단층촬영과 같이 혈류역학을 볼 수 있는 검사와 병행하여 연구하면 P300의 발생부위를 규명하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 사료되며 뇌활동을 역동적으로 평가하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 1992

마사츄셋형 전염성 기관지염 바이러스(IBV)를 SPF 발육란의 뇨막강내에서 증식시켜 Sucrose 밀도구배 초원심분리에 의해 정제한 다음 BALB/c 마우스에 면역시켰다. 면역 마우스에서 채취한 비장세포와 마우스 골수암세포와 여러 차례 융합시험을 실시하였다. 많은 융합세포 중에서 IBV에 특이적으로 작용하는 단클론항체(monoclonal antibody ： MCA)를 산생하는 hybridoma클론은 2주밖에 얻지 못했다. 2주의 MCA는 모두 IgG형이었고 IBV중화능이나 혈구응집 억제능이 인정되지 않았다. 간접형광항체법으로 작성된 MCA를 이용하여 인공접종한 닭의 기관도말표본에서 10일간의 시험기간중 계속 IBV를 검출할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.263-267
• /
• 2005

Objective: Middle cerebral artery(MCA) anomalies are found incidentally on conventional cerebral angiography and magnetic resonance angiography(MRA). Our goal is to examine the incidence and types of MCA anomalies. Methods: Cerebral angiography was performed in 448 patients and MRA in 743; the patients had or were suspected to have cerebrovascular disease. The images were retrospectively evaluated for arterial anatomic anomalies. We use Teal's classification for definition of accessory and duplicated MCAs. Results: On cerebral angiography, the following anomalies of the MCA were found in seven patients: fenestration (n = 2, incidence = 0.45%); duplication (n = 2, incidence = 0.45%); accessory MCA (n = 2, incidence = 0.45%); aplasia (n = 1, incidence = 0.22%). On MRA, eight patients had anomalous MCAs : fenestration (n = 1, incidence = 0.14%); duplication (n= 6, incidence = 0.81%); accessory (n = 1, incidence = 0.14%). Conclusion: Although the clinical significance is not great, we find a relatively high incidence of anomalous MCAs. Knowledge and recognition of these MCA anomalies are useful and important in the interpretation of cerebral images and during neurosurgical procedures.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제45권5호
• /
• pp.289-292
• /
• 2009

Objective : Although there are several descriptions of this vessel, there is no detailed angiographic study of the accessory middle cerebral artery (AMCA) in Korea. We describe the angiographic characteristics of the cortical territory and origin of AMCA and discuss the clinical significance of this anomaly. Methods : We searched for patients with AMCAs from a retrospective review of 1,250 conventional cerebral angiograms. We determined the origins, diameters and cortical territories of these AMCAs. Results : Fifteen patients (15 of 1250 = 1.2%) had 16 AMCAs (one patient had bilateral AMCAs). AMCAs originated from the distal A1 in eleven cases, middle A1 in two, proximal A1 in two, and proximal A2 in one case. All AMCAs followed a course parallel to the main middle cerebral artery (MCA). All but three of these arteries were smaller than the main MCA. Thirteen of the smaller diameter AMCAs had cortical distribution to the orbito-frontal and prefrontal, and precentral areas. Three AMCAs had diameter as large as the main MCA. These three supplied the orbito-frontal, prefrontal, precentral, central and anterior-parietal arteries. Conclusion : The AMCAs originated from A1 or A2. Most had smaller diameter than the main MCA. The AMCAs coursed along the horizontal portion of the MCA, but supplied the orbital surface, the anterior frontal lobe and sometimes wider cortical territory, including the precentral, central, anterior-parietal areas.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2016

Purpose: In general, confabulation is defined as confusion of reality with past events without apparent prompting, in association with disruption of the capacity for retrieval and encoding of memory. We report on a patient who showed spontaneous confabulation associated with injury of the Papez circuit following middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Methods: A 67-year-old female patient suffered cerebral infarct resulting from spontaneous MCA territory. After onset of the MCA infarct, she showed severe memory impairment and provoked confabulation. The Papez circuit was reconstructed for evaluation of part of it using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and tract volume were measured. Results: The right thalamocingulate tract showed a significant decrement of FA value and tract volume, and an increment of MD value by more than two standard deviations of that of normal control subjects. The tract volume in the left fornix and mammillothalamic tract decreased by more than two standard deviations of that of normal control subjects. Conclusion: Injuries of the Papez circuit were demonstrated in a patient who showed severe memory impairment and provoked confabulation following MCA infarct. We believe that analysis of the Papez circuit tract using DTT is useful in elucidating the cause of provoked confabulation in patients with MCA infarct.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.373-382
• /
• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the antithrombotic activity and protective effect of hexane fraction of Kamihyulbuchukeotang (KHCTH) on brain injury by KCN and MCA occlusion a prescription of HCT added with Lumbricus and Notoginseng Radix. Experiemental parameters are brain ischemia by MCA occlusion assay, KCN-induced brain injury, pulmonary thrombosis and platelet aggregation assay. The results were summarized as follows; 1. KHCTH extracts significantly inhibited the duration of KCN-induced coma (67%) and mortality (80%). 2. KHCTH extracts significantly suppressed brain ischemic area and edema following MCA occlusion and protected neuron cells as compared with control data. 3. KHCTH extracts inhibited pulmonary thrombosis induced by collagen and epinephrine. 4. KHCTH extracts inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen, ADP as agonist up to 76.9% and 32.3% respectivey at 1 mg/ml more effective than water extract of KHCT These data suggested that KHCTH could be applied as the protector of brain ischemia and injury and antithrombotic agent.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.467-470
• /
• 2006

Aneurysmal ruptures associated with middle cerebral artery[MCA] anomalies, such as a duplicated MCA and an accessory MCA, are quite rare. The authors reviewed the clinical relevance and possible etiology of these anomalies.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.370-372
• /
• 2011

Dissection of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is less frequent compared with dissection of the vertebrobasilar system or carotid artery. Recently, high-resolution cross sectional MR imaging (HRMRI) has emerged as a potential technique for atherosclerotic plaque imaging in MCA, We introduce the findings of HRMRI in a 56-year-old woman with traumatic MCA dissection, HRMRI showed an intimal flap and tapered pseudolumen with intra-luminal hemorrhage, We performed stent deployment about MCA dissection after failed medical treatment Three months later, there was no in-stent restenosis and no further neurological deficit were noted.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.6-9
• /
• 2005

Aging characteristics of 0.2PMN-0.8PZT multilayer ceramic actuators (MCA) has been investigated by applying both triangular wave function for unpoled and unipolar wave for poling. P-E hysteresis loops of the MCA had been distorted after about 90 million cycles running in triangular wave function. Effective electromechanical coupling coefficient was calculated in resonant and anti resonant frequencies. And pseudo-piezoelectric constant $d_{33}$ was also estimated from the strain versus electric field characteristics. The crack growth of MCA was clearly observed along to the boundary between electrode and inactive area. That results were thought due to the internal tensile stress came from both actuation of $d_{33}$ mode and motion of Poisson ratio.