• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.5
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• pp.585-592
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• 2001

Interest in the development of urban trails is growing in South Korea. River front trails have been developed in Seoul, Daegu and other major cities. Such trails, and the corridors in which they are developed, often provide a myriad of benefits to the community, including open space, exercise, and stress release. This trend mirrors development patterns found in the United States and European nations. This study examined differences in trail users perceptions of trail attributes, activity participation, willingness to pay for trail access, and perceptions of trail benefits between trail users in the United States and those in South Korea. Perceptions of trail users at three trail sites in the metropolitan area of Daegu were examined, and then were compared to results reported in several studies conducted in the U. S. While this research was exploratory, it did uncover many interesting differences in perceptions of trail attributes between trail users in the two countries. This information may provide insight into the development of greenway systems in South Korea.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.14 no.4 s.44
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• pp.73-86
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to prove the correlations among various factors what determined to formation of front elevation proportion system through making an actual survey and investigating. According to the analysis of them, we make conclusions as follows; 1, On the assumption that average distance of 1Kan(間) is 1, the height of foundation is 0.21, the height of floor from foundation is 0.24, the height of normal column from floor is 0.85, the height of eaves from foundation is 1.10. 2. Southeast faced buildings are wider than southwest faced buildings in the distance of 1Kan (間) in the range of $110{sim}220mm$. The height of foundation and floor in the southeast faced buildings are higher than those in southwest faced buildings beside the height of normal column, eaves, high column in the southwest faced buildings are higher than those in southeast faced buildings. 3. As number of front Kan(間) increases, the distance of 1Kan(間) decrease and the height of eaves and high column(高柱) increases. This is cause of making a maximum needed inner space by increasing the distance of 1Kan(間). This is an wisdom for living from ancestors. 4. As number of Dori(道里) increases, the distances of 1Kan are nearly same but the height of eaves and high column(高柱) increases about 300mm, This is a natural result from an increasing of building scale. 5. The distance of 1Kan(間) in later 19C building is most wide but, the unit heights are minimal average values at year 1900 as a reference mark. After this, the height of normal column, eaves, high column are higher about $170{sim}330mm$. 6. The number of Kan in front elevation, Dori(道里), and direction of building have correlations each other in proportion system of traditional housing An-Chae with significant level, p<0.05.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.129-151
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• 2010

This study is to analyze the efficiency of Korean fishing ports using DEA. First, the study calculated the efficiency scores based on a CCR-BCC framework and hence technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency scores are seperated for the 38 fishing ports under study. The Average of technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency are turned out to be 0.6834, 0.8582, and 0.7774 respectively. The 15 fishing ports are fully efficient under the constant returns to scale while 21 fishing ports under the variable returns to scale. Second, the super efficiency scores are also calculated under the radial model without the consideration of slacks. The highest score is turned out to be 4.4984 for the P16 fishing port with the average score of 0.9652 for the entire fishing ports. Nevertheless, P16 fishing port has showed up only once as a reference set. On the other hand, P34 fishing port has showed up 11 times as a reference set, which scored the second highest score of 2.9815. Finally the super efficiency scores are calculated under the non-radial model with the explicit consideration of slacks. Now the P34 fishing port scored the highest score of 2.3424 with even 15 times referred to a bench-mark. Therefore the importance of P34 fishing port is emphasized once again on the field of bench-marking for the efficiency of fishing ports. When the targets for the input factors to improve the efficiency of each DMU are calculated the area of fishing port needs the most adjustment to be reduced for 40.36% on the average, while the cosignment sales area does the least adjustment for 13.70%.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.6 s.261
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• pp.635-643
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• 2007

As many engineers and technicians are involved in the design process of large scale and/or complex products, there are a lot of miss matches and interferences due to designers' faults and several kinds of CAD systems. Recently, CAD systems are applied to verify and check the assembly process. Digital Mock-Up(DMU) system, a tool to build a virtual mock-up in the design stage, has been used to prevent the interferences and miss matches during precision design processes. Using the virtual assembly tool, engineers are able to design precision and interference free parts without physical mock-ups. Instead of a single CAD source, several CAD systems are used to design a complex product. Several organizations are involved in the distributed design environment for heterogeneous multi-CAD assembly. XML and the lightweight CAD file are proposed for the multi-CAD assembly. XML data contains hierarchy of the heterogenenous multi-CAD assembly. STEP PDM schema and STEP ISO 10303-28 formations are applied to construct the XML data. The lightweight CAD file produced from various CAD files through ACIS kernel and InterOp not only contains mesn, B-Rep and topological data, but also is used to visualize CAD data and to verify dimensions. Developed system is executed on the desktop computers. It does not require commercial CAD systems to visualize 3D assembly data. Real-time interference and fitness checks, dimensional verification, and design and assembly verification are performed on the developed system. Assembly of heterogeneous models for a car is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the developed DMU system on the Internet.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.347-352
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• 1993

N-ethylmaleimide at low concentrations is known to interact specifically with 2 sulfhydryl residues in myosin heavy chain. Calpain, a Ca$^2$+-dependent neutral protease isolated from chick skeletal muscle, was found to preferentially degrade the alkylated protein but much less significantly the unmodified protein. Exposure of myosin to KMnO$_4$, which is also known to interact with sulthydryl groups, also caused the rapid degradation of the myosin heavy chain. Furthermore, treatment of each agent with increasing concentrations results in a greater loss of the myosin ATPase activity, indicating that the modification occurred at the reactive site sulfhydryl residues. These results suggest that the covalent modification at the reactive site salfhydryl residues in the myosin heavy chain may mark the protein for degradation by intracellular proteases such as calpain.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.373-380
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the history of nursing and medicine as phenomena of knowledge/power from the viewpoint of Foucault. Method : The present study adopts the genealogical method by Foucault, which tries to unite languages and knowledge. Foucault who attempted to show that the basic ideas which people normally take to be permanent truths about human nature and society change in the course of history. Results : It has been emphasized that the development of modern health care has been due to the progressive efforts of medicine and to medical discoveries. Foucault examines the institutionalization of knowledge and the power exerted thereby, with special reference to the devices of social regulation and their function over the madness, the disease, the crime, and the sexuality. The concept of power is that it is exerted spontaneously in verbal behaviors of individuals through knowledge of everyday life such as definition of body or mind. Therefore as to the problem of knowledge/power, this study tries to understand the meaning of history of nursing and medicine through an analysis of the formation of text of history. In order to have authority in a power relation, the medical professional asserts that medical discourse is the most scientific knowledge. Conclusion : According to the above findings, it can be concluded that the body is also directly invested in a political field: power relations have an immediate hold upon it; they invest it, mark it, train it, torture it, force it to carry out tasks, to perform ceremonies, to emit signs. Therefore the devaluation of nursing care is reinforced by the medicine which has the legitimate authority through use of the political skills about the body.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 2001

The object of this experiment was to evaluate nutritive value of roughage which was collected by Woosung Feed Co., Ltd. in Korea in 1999-2000. Nineteen kinds of roughage(l32 samples) were collected by Woosung Feed Co., Ltd. and their chemical composition, ADF, NDF, Ca and P. were analysed. In addition, their DMD, DMI, WV and hay grades were calculated based on analysed values. The CP content of roughage was ranged from 17.35%(alfalfa hay) to 4.00%(Italian ryegrass hay), and ten kinds of roughage under six percentages were observed. The NDF content of roughage was ranged from 47.50%(sugarcane leaf) to 78.84%(orchardgrass hay), and eight kinds of roughage above seventy percentages were observed. The DMD of roughage was ranged from 66.38%(beet pulp) to 50.95%(orchardgrass hay). The WV of roughage was ranged from 60.1 l(orchardgrass hay) to 125.07(sugarcane leaf). In hay grade of roughage, the first grade was assigned to sugarcane leaf only and the third grade and fourth grade were assigned to four kinds of roughage each. Bermudagrass straw received the fifth grade, and the nine kinds of roughage received the poor grades. As shown in the above results, nineteen kinds of roughage were mostly low in crude protein contents and dry matter digestibility, but they were high in fibrous contents. Futhermore, while only one kind of roughage was evaluated as obtaining the first grade, nine kinds of roughage were evaluated as the poor grade. Hence, we know that roughage which was collected in Korea was mostly low in their quality and that there was significant difference in their feed value among those roughage(P<0.05). Therefore, it is necessary to mark the hay quality for purpose of distributive circulation of roughage. (Key words : Roughages, Nutritive value, DMD. RFV. Hay grade)

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.94-102
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• 2018

The present study was conducted to assess the growth changes of human chin in childhood and adolescence at various stages of skeletal maturation using metallic implant installed in mandibular body. Lateral cephalographs including 23 subjects (9 males and 14 females) between 7-18 years old were used, which had been taken at University of California in San Francisco and kept at University of the Pacific. Three lateral cephalographs were chosen for each subject according to CVM (Cervical Vertebral Maturation) method (CVM stage 1 to 2, CVM stage 3 to 4, and CVM stage 5 to 6) which assess the extent of the skeletal maturation using the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebrae. V-ceph was used in order to mark the 8 landmarks (S, N, A, B, Pog, Me, Go, Imp) on lateral cephalographs and obtain 8 angular and linear measurements(ANB, SNPog, SN-GoMe, Imp-B, Imp-Pog, B-Pog//GoMe, $GoMe{\bot}B$, $GoMe{\bot}Pog$). Among 8 measurements, ANB, SNPog, SN-GoMe, B-Pog//GoMe, $GoMe{\bot}B$ showed statistically significant growth changes at various stages of skeletal maturation according to CVM method, while there were no significant differences on Imp-B, Imp-Pog, $GoMe{\bot}Pog$. The results suggest that the increasing prominence of human chin is greatly influenced by the vertical growth of B point area, in addition to the change and growth in chin and mandible proper.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.190-197
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• 2004

This paper presents automated prediction of transient ischemic episodes using neural networks(NN) based pattern matching method. The learning algorithm used to train the multilayer networks is a modified backpropagation algorithm. The algorithm updates parameters of nonlinear function in a neuron as well as connecting weights between neurons to improve learning speed. The performance of the method was evaluated using ECG signals of the MIT/BIH long-term database. Experimental results for 15 records(237 ischemic episodes) show that the average sensitivity and specificity of ischemic episode prediction are 85.71% and 71.11%, respectively. It is also found that the proposed method predicts an average of 45.53［sec］ ahead real ischemia. These results indicate that the NN approach as the pattern matching classifier can be a useful tool for the prediction of transient ischemic episodes.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2013

This study was conducted to provide basic data for development of a dietary education textbook and guidebook by investigating and analyzing eating behavior, nutrition knowledge and educational needs in elementary school students. Most of the subjects were eating three meals a day (71.5%) and breakfast (75.3%). The percentage of students who consumed proper amount of meals (49.2%) was low. The percentage of students consuming salty food and fatty foods was 28.6% and 42.1%, respectively. The consumption of meat, fish, egg, bean and tofu was high, while the consumption of vegetables, fruits and seaweed was low. The percentage of students consuming processed food was high, but the percentage reading nutrition labels (34.9%) and hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) mark (26.9%) when buying processed foods was very low. Total scores of eating behavior and nutrition knowledge were significantly higher in female students than in male students (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). The desirable frequency of the education was once a week (60.5%). The most preferred educational method was 'experiment and cooking practice' (40.1%). The students wanted dietary information as 'cooking' (39.0%). As a result of this study, many problems were found in the eating behavior of students and nutritional knowledge was observed to be low as well. On the other hand, the demand for dietary education was very high. The findings of this study suggested the need for developing dietary education programs in order to encourage proper eating habits of students.