• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2021

Chitosan has been considered an environmental-friendly polymer. However, its use in agriculture has not been extended yet due to its relatively low solubility in water. N-Methylene phosphonic chitosan (NMPC) is a water-soluble derivative prepared by adding a phosphonic group to chitosan. This study demonstrates that NMPC has a fungicidal effect on the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. eumartii (F. eumartii) judged by the inhibition of F. eumartti mycelial growth and spore germination. NMPC affected fungal membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species production, and cell death. Also, this chitosan-derivative exerted antifungal effects against two other phytopathogens, Botrytis cinerea, and Phytophthora infestans. NMPC did not affect tomato cell viability at the same doses applied to these phytopathogens to exert fungicide action. In addition to water solubility, the selective biological cytotoxicity of NMPC adds value in its application as an antimicrobial agent in agriculture.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1164-1177
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• 2024

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is among the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, with the sixth highest fatality rate worldwide. The ESCC-related dataset, GSE20347, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to identify genes that are highly correlated with ESCC. A total of 91 transcriptome expression profiles and their corresponding clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A mitochondria-associated risk (MAR) model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis and validated using GSE161533. The tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivity were explored using the MAR model. Finally, in vitro experiments were performed to analyze the effects of hub genes on the proliferation and invasion abilities of ESCC cells. To confirm the predictive ability of the MAR model, we constructed a prognostic model and assessed its predictive accuracy. The MAR model revealed substantial differences in immune infiltration and tumor microenvironment characteristics between high- and low-risk populations and a substantial correlation between the risk scores and some common immunological checkpoints. AZD1332 and AZD7762 were more effective for patients in the low-risk group, whereas Entinostat, Nilotinib, Ruxolutinib, and Wnt.c59 were more effective for patients in the high-risk group. Knockdown of TYMS significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasive ability of ESCC cells in vitro. Overall, our MAR model provides stable and reliable results and may be used as a prognostic biomarker for personalized treatment of patients with ESCC.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.31 No.2 (2)
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• pp.253-255
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• 2004

인간(human)에게 나타나는 다양성(variation)은 인체의 유전체(genome) 안에서 발생된 SNP(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism)에 의해 나타난다고 알려져 있다. 유전체내의 SNP과 다양성에 대한 연관 연구(Associate study)를 할 때에 약 30여 억 개로 추정되는 염기서열(DNA sequence)물 모두 분석한다면 많은 비용과 시간을 필요로 할 것이다. 이런 비용과 시간을 줄이기 위친 적은 수의 대표 SNP(=tagSNP)을 찾는 연구가 현재 진행 중이다. 우리는 LD계수｜D;｜을 block 분할에 이용하여 생물학적인 의미를 부여한 후, 전산적인 최적해를 찾는 접근을 이용했다. 또한, 기존 연구에서는 large-scale data에 대한 처리가 불가능해서 chromosome의 일부분의 데이터에 대해서안 분석이 시도되었다. 더욱 광범위한 분석을 위해서 chromosome 단위의 처리가 필요하다. 우리는 chromosome단위의 SNP data를 한 번에 처리가 가능한 시스템인 MarSel를 구현하였다

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-218
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• 1996

This study examines the possibility of early production of forage rape (cv. Akela and Velox) in the period of wintering. Bolting date was Feb. 2 to Feb. 9 in PE film house culture by non-heating and Mar. 3 to Mar. 12 in open field culture. And flowering date was Feb. 24 to Mar. 3 in PE film house culture by non-heating, so it was 30~50 days faster than the open field culture of Apr. 17 to Apr. 22. Fresh matter yield was 8, 356~4, 887 kg/10a in PE film house culture by non-heating, so it was 1, 431~1, 603 kg/10a yield increase than in the open field culture of 7, 253~7, 456 kg/10a Dry matter yield was 953~963 kg/10a in PE film house culture by non-heating, so it was 71~284 kg/10a yield increase than in the open field culture of 669~892 kg/10a.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.119-122
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• 2006

In both untreated and conventionally stabilized swine manures antibiotic resistant (AR) microorganisms, Staphylococcus-like and Salmonella-like microorganisms were detected. Also pathogens with MAR phynotype were detected. Presence of such microorganisms suggest high level of pathogen-related health risk to farmers who may be in direct contact with the manure and its conventionally stabilized product In contrast the autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) treatment have efficiently reduced AR and pathogenicity from the swine manure. When soil was fertilized using swine manure and its stabilized products, despite no detection of MAR-exhibiting pathogen-like microorganisms in fertilized soil, potential pathogen-related health risk could not be ruled out from the fertilized soil since the organic fertilization led to increase in AR and pathogenicity in the soil microbial communities. As conclusion, this microbiological study demonstrated that an ATAD process is applicable in control of pathogen-related health risk in livestock manure.

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2005

In spring, to determine the optimal planting date and plant density of rapeseed in southern areas of Korea. $Taiwan^{\#1}$ variety for spring sowing, the highest yielding variety was grown under five different planting date and plant density. Yield components such as plant height, ear length, number of seedling stand per $m^2$, number of per ear and seed set percentage were highest at the plots with Mar. 5 of planting date and 50/20cm drilling of plant density. Yield of seed, oil, gas and 1,000 grains weight and erucic acid content were highest at the Mar. 5 of planting date and 50/20cm drilling of plant density. Judging from the results reported above, at optimum planting date and plant density of rapeseed seemed too be Mar. 5 of planting date and 50/20cm plant density in spring sowing.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the magnitude of artifacts produced by gutta-percha and metal posts on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained with different tube currents and with or without metal artifact reduction (MAR). Materials and Methods: A tooth was inserted in a dry human mandible socket, and CBCT scans were acquired after root canal instrumentation, root canal filling, and metal post placement with various tube currents with and without MAR activation. The artifact magnitude was assessed by the standard deviation (SD) of gray values and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at the various distances from the tooth. Data were compared using multi-way analysis of variance. Results: At all distances, a current of 4 mA was associated with a higher SD and a lower CNR than 8 mA or 10 mA (P<0.05). For the metal posts without MAR, the artifact magnitude as assessed by SD was greatest at 1.5 cm or less (P<0.05). When MAR was applied, SD values for distances 1.5 cm or closer to the tooth were reduced (P<0.05). MAR usage did not influence the magnitude of artifacts in the control and gutta-percha groups(P>0.05). Conclusion: Increasing the tube current from 4 mA to 8 mA may reduce the magnitude of artifacts from metal posts. The magnitude of artifacts arising from metal posts was significantly higher at distances of 1.5 cm or less than at greater distances. MAR usage improved image quality near the metal post, but had no significant influence farther than 1.5 cm from the tooth.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.779-790
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• 2002

Nutritional factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in the different age groups of Korean women were investigated to obtain baseline data for maintaining bone health. Information on diet and anthropometry were collected in 80 elementary school children (height 127.2 cm, weight 27.3 kg), 84 high school students (height 161.6 cm, weight 52.4 kg), 100 adults aged 25 to 35 years (height 159.4 cm, weight 52.7 kg) and 120 elderly people over 60 years of age (height 150.9 cm, weight 55.6 kg). Data for nutrient intake were obtained by 24-hour recall method. BMDs of lumbar spine (L$_2$-L$_4$) and femoral neck were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The relationship between BMD of femoral neck and nutritional factors were analyzed. The average BMD of femoral neck for females was 0.61 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in children, 0.88 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in adolescents, 0.90 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in adults, 0.64 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in elderly people. Among the adult subjects, 11.0% was classified as osteopenia in the femoral neck. For the elderly, the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis were 34.2% and 47.5% of the subjects. It was shown the intake of energy, protein, plant protein, animal protein, fat, carbohydrate, Ca, P, Fe, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, carbohydrate energy percent and fat energy percent influenced bone health status in all age groups. In the MAR on bone health status, children, adult and elderly subjects were significantly different among groups classified by bone health status and the MAR of the groups with good in bone health was higher. The RDA percent of each nutrient was influence factor on BMD. Nutrient intake of energy, protein, P, Fe, thiamin, niacin were lower BMD on below 75% of Korean RDA. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that several dietary factors were influence on BMD. MAR on femoral neck BMD of children and elderly subjects was the highest influence factor. Beyond this, the most influential dietary factors on BMD were the vitamin A, total Ca and vegetable Ca. The above results have confirmed that dietary factors influence BMD in various age groups. Energy, protein, Ca, P, Fe, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C as well as MAR were important dietary factors influencing BMD. The results of this study revealed that people who received sufficient nutrients intake showed healthy bone status. The MAR mainly influenced the bone health status.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.497-503
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• 2018

안면부 CT검사 시 치아교정용 충전물과 주변 해부학적 구조와의 밀도차이에 의해 발생한 화질 저하 정도와 화질개선 방향을 실험을 통해 정량 및 정성적 분석방법을 통해 알아보고자 하였다. 실험은 64-MDCT(Discovery 750 HD, GE HEALTH CARE, Milwaukee, USA)를 사용하여 치아 충전물로 교정한 치아를 스캔하였으며 관전압 변화, 실리콘 적용, MAR 알고리즘 적용 유무에 따라 비교하였다. 그 결과 관전압 변화 시 140 kVp에서 10.36 % CT value가 감소하였으며, Silicon 물질 적용 시 약 5.81 %가 감소하여 감소율이 가장 적었다. 정성적 평가결과 MAR 알고리즘 적용 시 관찰자 10명 중 Equivalent가 7명, Acceptable로 3명이 평가하여 MAR 알고리즘 적용 시 상대적으로 가장 화질 개선 효과가 있다고 평가되었다. 따라서 현재 임상에서 사용하고 있는 검사 파라미터와 더불어 고밀도 인공물을 감소시킬 수 있는 다양한 알고리즘을 적용하여 스캔 한다면 방사선 피폭선량에 대한 불필요한 부담을 줄일 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 고밀도 인공물을 감소시켜 영상 데이터의 소실을 줄여 보다 많은 영상정보를 제공 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2017

본 연구는 컴퓨터 단층촬영 영상에서 제거할 수 없는 의료용 고밀도 물질을 Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens, Enlarge, Germany.)와 GE 64-MDCT (Discovery 750 HD, GE HEALTHCARE, Milwaukee, USA.)스캔 후 획득한 팬텀영상 데이터와 이미 촬영된 Raw 데이터영상을 이용하여 IMAR 알고리즘과 MAR 알고리즘 적용 및 재구성한 후 CT 재구성영상의 CT Number 변화율을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 팬텀영상의 모든 의료용 고밀도 물질은 IMAR 알고리즘과 MAR 알고리즘 적용 시 CT Number의 변화와 영상의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났지만(p<0.05). Stainless Steel 재질은 Black streak artifact에서 MAR 또는 IMAR 알고리즘 적용 시 재구성 영상의 변화와 CT Number의 변화차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었다(p>0.05). 또한 이미 촬영된 Raw 데이터영상 분석결과 IMAR 알고리즘 적용 시 적용 전에 비하여 영상 CT Number 변화가 있어, IMAR 알고리즘 적용은 Attenuation deviation에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 향후 Implant시술 후 추적 CT검사 시 수술부위 및 주변조직의 상태를 관찰하는데 유용할 것으로 사료된다.