• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.772-786
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• 2017

This study investigated the characteristics of wood tar, produced as a byproduct during the production of charcoal using oak wood by the modified traditional kiln and mechanical steel kiln. The wood tar was analyzed with a number of techniques, including Py-GC/MS, NMR, MALDI-TOF, FT-IR, TG and DSC. The Py-GC/MS analysis indicated that modified traditional kiln generated a higher hydrocarbon ratio in the wood tar than that of mechanical steel kiln. On the other hand, mechanical steel kiln resulted in a higher proportion of phenolic and aromatic hydrocarbon components than that of modified traditional kiln. Those results were also confirmed by NMR analysis. The MALDI-TOF analysis suggested that the wood tar produced in the mechanical steel kiln had a slightly higher molecular weight than the wood tar produced in the modified traditional kiln. In addition, the FT-IR analysis showed characteristic peak of symmetrical stretching vibration of $CH_3$ from the modified traditional kiln while characteristic peaks of the C-C and C-O stretching vibration were observed from the mechanical steel kiln. Moreover, TG and DSC analysis suggested that the mechanical steel kiln is more thermally stable than that of modified traditional kiln. Those findings clearly showed that the method of making charcoal greatly affects the properties of wood tar.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.1417-1422
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• 2012

Alkyl glucosides were synthesized using the transglycosylation reaction of Celluclast, the cellulase from Trichoderma reesei, with cellobiose and various alcohols. Glucose as a by-product of the reaction was removed using the immobilized yeast system. Among the alkyl glucoside products, the acceptor products of methanol and ethanol were confirmed as methyl ${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside and ethyl ${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside via MALDI-TOF MS and enzymatic analysis. Optimal yields of methyl ${\beta}$-glucoside and ethyl ${\beta}$-glucoside were 65.3% (mol/mol) and 59.0% (mol/mol), respectively, based on cellobiose consumed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3691-3696
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• 2015

Background: Cancer loci comprise heterogeneous cell populations with diverse cellular secretions. Therefore, disseminating cancer-specific or cancer-associated protein antigens from tissue lysates could only be marginally correct, if otherwise not validated against precise standards. Materials and Methods: In this study, 2DE proteomic profiles were examined from lysates of 13 lung-adenocarcinoma tissue samples and matched against the A549 cell line proteome. A549 matched-cancer-specific hits were analyzed and characterized by MALDI-TOF/MS. Results: Comparative analysis identified a total of 13 protein spots with differential expression. These proteins were found to be involved in critical cellular functions regulating pyrimidine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway and integrin signaling. Gene ontology based analysis classified majority of protein hits responsible for metabolic processes. Among these, only a single non-predictive protein spot was found to be a cancer cell specific hit, identified as Armadillo repeat-containing protein 8 (ARMC8). Pathway reconstruction studies showed that ARMC8 lies at the centre of cancer metabolic pathways. Conclusions: The findings in this report are suggestive of a regulatory role of ARMC8 in control of proliferation and differentiation in lung adenocarcinomas.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4161-4165
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• 2013

Objective: To investigate discriminating protein patterns and potential biomarkers in serum samples between pre/postoperative pancreatic cancer patients and healthy controls. Methods: 23 serum samples from PC patients (12 preoperative and 11 postoperative) and 76 from healthy controls were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique combined with magnetic beads-based weak cation-exchange chromatography (MB-WCX). ClinProTools software selected several markers that made a distinction between pancreatic cancer patients and healthy controls. Results: 49 m/z distinctive peaks were found among the three groups, of which 33 significant peaks with a P < 0.001 were detected. Two proteins could distinguish the preoperative pancreatic cancer patients from the healthy controls. About 15 proteins may be potential biomarkers in assessment of pancreatic cancer resection. Conclusion: MB-MALDI-TOF-MS method could generate serum peptidome profiles of pancreatic cancer and provide a new approach to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of this malignancy.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 2009

Single seeds of common buckwheat cultivar Suwon No. 1 when subjected to SDS-PAGE revealed very high polymorphism. High variation existed for protein or protein subunits with molecular weight 54-47kDa, 45-25kDa and 16-11kDa. The electrophoregram showed variation for globulin as well as other protein fractions. About 300 proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) seed. Seed maturation is a dynamic and temporally regulated phase of seed development that determines the composition of storage proteins reserves in mature seeds. Buckwheat seeds from 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days after pollination and matured stage were used for the analysis. This led to the establishment of high-resolution proteome reference maps, expression profiles of 48 spots. It was identified 48 proteins from MALDI-TOF/MS analysis of wild buckwheat seed storage proteins. The 48 proteins were found identical or similar to those of proteins reported in buckwheat and other plants; it is belonging to 9 major functional categories including seed storage proteins, stress/defense response, protein synthesis, photosynthesis, allergy proteins, amino acid, enzyme, metabolism, and miscellaneous. It appears that the major allergenic storage protein separated played the important role in buckwheat breeding and biochemical characterization.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.114-120
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• 2009

The bark of Populus alba ${\times}$ glandulosa was collected, air-dried and extracted with 70% aqueous acetone. Then it was successively partitioned with n-hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc and $H_2O$. Repeated Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative TLC on the EtOAc soluble fraction gave a grandidentatin isomer. The structure was elucidated as grandidentatin A (cis-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 6-O-p-coumaroyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside) on the basis of spectroscopic evidences such as $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, 2D-NMR and MALDI TOF-MS spectrum followed by acid hydrolysis. Grandidentatin A was identified here for the first time in Populus alba ${\times}$ glandulosa bark, and to the bset of our knowledge it has not been reported in any other literature.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.800-806
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• 2008

The strain HK-12 was enriched and isolated from naturally fermented soybean for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme and the proteome of this enzyme induced during the incubation period was analyzed. The activity of fibrinolytic enzyme derived from supernatants of the HK-12 culture was performed by fibrin plate method for solid fibrinolytic activity. As the result, the fibrinolytic activity of HK-12 grown on the nutrient agar media was about 2.3 times greater than that of plasmin used as standard. The purified enzyme was prepared by a series of purification process including ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to approximately 23kDa with SDS-PAGE. In order to examine which strain HK-12 proteins increased or decreased during the incubation period, 2-DE analysis was performed. Protein spot #1 significantly expressed on the 2-DE gel of bacteria cultivated for 36-hrs was analysed. As the result of protein sequence analysis using MALDI-TOF MS, one protein was identified as serine protein kinase (PrkA).

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.40-53
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• 2019

Of the Acinetobacter spp., A. baumannii (genospecies 2) is the most clinically significant in terms of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. It is difficult to perform Acinetobacter-related taxonomy using phenotypic characteristics and routine laboratory methods owing to clusters of closely related species. The ability to accurately identify Acinetobacter spp. is clinically important because antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical relevance differs significantly among the different genospecies. Based on the medical importance of pathogenic Acinetobacter spp., the distribution and characterization of Acinetobacter spp. isolates from 123 clinical samples was determined in the current study using four typically applied bacterial identification methods; partial rpoB gene sequencing, amplified rRNA gene restriction analysis (ARDRA) of the intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the 16~23S rRNA, the $VITEK^{(R)}$ 2 system (an automated microbial identification system) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). A. baumannii isolates (74.8%, 92/123) were the most common species, A. nosocomialis (10.6%, 13/123) and A. pittii isolates (7.5%, 9/123) were second and third most common strains of the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii (ACB) complex, respectively. A. soli (5.0%, 6/123) was the most common species of the non-ACB complex. RpoB gene sequencing and ARDRA of the ITS region were demonstrated to lead to more accurate species identification than the other methods of analysis used in this study. These results suggest that the use of rpoB genotyping and ARDRA of the ITS region is useful for the species-level identification of Acinetobacter isolates.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.284-289
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• 2017

Oxidized polyethylene wax (OPEW) is, one of the food additives, used as a coating agent in citrus fruits and nuts. OPEW is authorized to quantum satis in EU, USA, and is acceptable less than 250 mg/kg in Australia and New Zealand. But OPEW is unauthorized as a food additive in Korea. This study was to establish the analytical method of OPEW and demonstrate the effective application of various food samples. We first conducted to compare the various analytical method including acid value (AV), high temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS), gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). This result indicated that FT-IR spectrum of OPEW treated food sample displayed absorption bands for carbonyl group (C=O, $1714cm^{-1}$), ester group (C-O, $1463cm^{-1}$), aliphatic group (C-H, $2916cm^{-1}$). Furthermore, IR spectrum of OPEW treated food sample showed similar tendency with IR spectrum of OPEW standard. Therefore, it is confirmed that analytical method using FT-IR can be detected on analysis of OPEW in food. As a result of monitoring of 111 samples using established analytical method, OPEW was not detected in the food samples.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2006

Changes of CP4 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4 EPSPS) in the glyphosate-tolerant Roundup Ready soybean were examined using purified CP4 EPSPS produced in cloned Escherichia coli as a control. CP4 EPSPS in genetically modified soybean was detected by twodimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) with databases. CP4 EPSPS in soybean products was resolved on 2-DE by first isoelectric focusing (IEF) based on its characteristic pI of 5.1, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) based on its molecular mass of 47.5 kDa. We quantified various percentages of soybean CP4 EPSPS. The quantitative analysis was performed using a 2D software program on artificial gels with spots varying in Gaussian volumes. These results suggested that 2-DE image analysis could be used for quantitative detection of GM soybean, unlike Western blotting.