• BMB Reports
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.55-56
• /
• 2018

Long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-Rs) are major elements creating new genome structure for expansion of plant genomes. However, in addition to the genome expansion, the role of LTR-Rs has been unexplored. In this study, we constructed new reference genome sequences of two pepper species (Capsicum baccatum and C. chinense), and updated the reference genome of C. annuum. We focused on the study for speciation of Capsicum spp. and its driving forces. We found that chromosomal translocation, unequal amplification of LTR-Rs, and recent gene duplications in the pepper genomes as major evolutionary forces for diversification of Capsicum spp. Specifically, our analyses revealed that the nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich-repeat proteins (NLRs) were massively created by LTR-R-driven retroduplication. These retoduplicated NLRs were abundant in higher plants, and most of them were lineage-specific. The retroduplication was a main process for creation of functional disease-resistance genes in Solanaceae plants. In addition, 4-10% of whole genes including highly amplified families such as MADS-box and cytochrome P450 emerged by the retroduplication in the plants. Our study provides new insight into creation of disease-resistance genes and high-copy number gene families by retroduplication in plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2016

담배에서 후성유전관련 유전자의 발현연구를 위해 담배유래 시토신 DNA 탈메틸화 관련 NtROS2a 유전자를 과발현 및 RNAi 식물체를 육성하였다. 이들 형질전환체들은 고염 및 산화 스트레스하에서 내성이 증진되었으며, 다양한 표현형변이를 보였다(Lee et al. 2015). 본연구에서는 선발된 과발현 (OX1), RNAi 식물체(RNAi 13) 및 대조식물체(WT)를 이용하여 Agilent Tobacco 4 X 44K Oligo chip으로 microarray분석을 수행하였다. OX1과 RNAi13 계통을 이용하여 WT과 함께 비교 분석한 결과, 대부분 세포 내 이온 수송, 영양 공급 등과 같은 물질대사와 생물적 비생물적 스트레스 및 methylation과 관련되어 영향을 주는 유전자들에서 up-regulation 되었고, 물질대사관련 유전자와 세포 내 기능유전자의 역할을 담당하는 조효소, 그리고 다양한 스트레스 및 메틸레이션 관련 유전자군에서 또한 down-regulation되었다. 각각의 up-, down-regulation된 유전자들을 WT과 비교하여 qRT-PCR을 수행한 결과, KH domain-containing protein, MADS-box protein 및 Zinc phosphodiesterase ELAC protein 유전자들에서 발현이 높게 나타났으며, 반면에 pentatricopeptide (PPR) repeat-containing protein, histone deacetylase HDAC3 protein 및 protein kinase는 0.4 ~ 1.0-fold 발현양이 감소되었다. 따라서 DNA glycosylase를 암호화하는 NtROS2a 유전자는 demethylation과 관련되어 담배 식물체에서 다양한 전사레벨을 조절하는 것으로 판단된다.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.209-213
• /
• 2006

Agrocybe cylindracea, an edible mushroom belonging to Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales, is widely used as invaluable medicinal material in the oriental countries. This study was initiated to find the genes expressed during the fruiting body formation of A. cylindracea. The cDNAs expressed differentially during fruiting body morphogenesis of A. cylindracea were isolated through subtractive hybridization between vegetative mycelia and fruiting bodies. The cDNAs expressed in the fruiting body morphogenesis of A. cylindracea were cloned and twenty genes were identified. Eleven were homologous to genes of known functions, three were homologous to genes in other organism without any function known. Six were completely novel genes specific to A. cylindracea so far examined. Some genes with known functions were a pleurotolysin, a self-assembling poreforming cytolysins; Aa-Pril and Pir2p, specifically induced genes during fruiting initiation of other mushroom, Agrocybe aegerita; an amino acid permease; a cytochrome P450; a MADS-box gene; a peptidylprolyl isomerase; and a serine proteinase. For other clones, no clear function was annotated so far. We believe the first report of the differentially expressed genes in fruiting process of A. cylindracea will be great helps for further research.