• 대한화학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 1969

n-Alkylamine hydrochlorides $C_nH_{2n+1}NH_3CI$에서 n=0에서 n=4 까지 이르는 低分子量 同族體의 apparent molal volume {\phi}\nu$ 및 partial molal volume $V^{\circ}$을 30$^{\circ}C$水溶液에서 測定하엿다 아민산의 濃度는 0.01M에서 0.3M까지 , 密度測定은 浮力法(Float method)를 適用하여 少數點 以下 5位까지 取하였다. 實驗結果 同族體의 分子量이 一定量 $CH_2$식 增加함에 따라 $V^{\circ}$값이 規則的인 差로서 增加한다는 事實이 觀測되었다. 또한 濃度增加함에 따른 {\phi}\nu$ 變化는 共通的으로 直選的이고 limiting slope는 positive이며 比較的 理論値에 가까왔다. 共通anion인 鹽素이온 $CI^-$의 partial molal volume, $V^{\circ}$$CI^-$은 18.6ml $mole^{-1}$으로 他硏究者들의 date와 大體的으로 一致하였다. {\phi}{\nu}$ 값의 變化로 보아 이온의 hydrophobic effect와 change effect는 거의 競合狀態이나 charge effect 곧 electrostriction effect가 優勢를 보였다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.87-87
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• 1995

The muscarinic effects of carbachol were compared on the isolated ileums of guinea-pig, rat and rabbit to elucidate the underlying mechanism of species differences in sensitivity for carbachol. The ED$\_$50/ value estimated on the guinea-pig ileum was 4 to 6-fold lower than those obtained on the rat and rabbit ileums, but the K$\_$A/ values of carbachol determined by functional assays were almost identical with 12-l7 ${\mu}$M in all of three ileums. The competition data of carbachol for [$^3$H]QNB binding were best described by a two-site model yielding the Ki values of 0.4-0.6${\mu}$M and 12-16${\mu}$M for high(K$\_$H/) and low(K$\_$L/) affinity sites, respectively. The low affinity dissociation constants(K$\_$L/) of carbachol determined from receptor binding studies thus were not significantly different from the K$\_$A/ values estimated from functional studies. The percentage of receptor occupation that carbachol requires for half-maximal response was approximately 3 to 5-fold lower in guinea-pig compared to rat and rabbit whereas the density of muscarinic binding sites per gram of ileum measured by [$^3$H]QNB saturation isotherms was two-fold higher in guinea-pig than that in rat and rabbit. Therefore, the numbers of muscarinic receptors occupied at ED$\_$50/ values of carbachol were about two-fold lower in guinea-pig, suggesting two-fold greater intrinsic efficacy. These results indicate that the guinea-pig ileum has higher muscarinic receptor density and greater intrinsic efficacy for carbachol than the rat and rabbit ileums.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1985

수도이앙의 생력화를 위한 소식을 함으로써, 수도의 종내경합에 의한 수량감소를 막고, 시비로 증수가능성이 큰 초형을 탐색하기 위하여 본 연구는 수행되었다. 공시한 3개 초형의 동질유전자 계통은 Open-type, Spread-type 및 Broom-type 이었으며, 이들을 $m^2$당 47.62, 22.22, 15.15, 11.11, 8.33주로 이앙하고, 시비는 N-P$_2$O$_{5}$-K$_2$O=15.0-7.0-8.0kg/10a를 표준으로 한 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 배비로 하였다. 시험결과, 1. 소식에 따른 출수지연은 종내경합정도에 비례하여서 다비할수록 약화되었으며, 작물초형별로는 Broom$\longrightarrow$ Spread$\longrightarrow$ Open-type의 순이었다. 2. 잡초와의 종간경합은 소식.다비로 증대되었으며, 작물초형별로는 Broom-type에서 특히 다연생잡초종에 의한 경합이 커지는 경향이었다. 3. 시비량증대에 따라 천립중을 제외한 면적당수수.수당영화수.등숙률은 3초형 모두 증대경향을 나타냈으나 재식밀도에 따른 반응은 면적당수수만 정의 상관을 나타냈다. 4. 수량성은 Open-type과 Spread-type의 경우, 이앙밀도와 정상관을 보인 반면에 Broom-type에서는 수량차이가 인정되지 않았다. 5. $m^2$당 이앙밀도를 15, 11, 8주로 낮추었을 때, Open-type은 각각 1.12, 1.21 및 1.28배비로써 그리고 Broom-type은 각각 1.22, 1.35, 1.4배비로써 Open-type 표준수량의 보상이 가능하였다.다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2006

The concept of the Hospital run for medical treatment changing to the forms of theme complex hospital with design by the impact of a boutique design. Especially, this design's element emboss with strongly to form a ring around the special hospital as the dentistry, dermatology and plastic surgery, the woman hospital of a lying-in hospital etc. that is the higher value-added industrial among groups of medical, even general hospital that is not depend on the design relatively, the application of the interior design is extending farther. Also, this special hospital shape up become bigger, form a group and competition for admission to medical industry. For dentistry, the more departmentalize and definite service as implant, children dental clinic holding an absolute dominant position about management, and effective environmental exchange can be essential element for the most profits. Accordingly, In this study I would like to see about the space composition of the dentistry that changing with the times, suggest direction from now on the bigger, specialization and a characteristic of a space focused on recently dentistry project.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.237-243
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• 1996

Current low head and small scale hydroturbines have limitations in the minimum required head and flow rate for efficient operation. This study attempts to develop a new concept hydroturbine which is expected to run efficiently even in very low head and small flow rate, so that the limitations on the conventional small scale hydropower could be alleviated and competition with other alternative energy sources in the economic respect could be attained. A small scale catapillar track- hydroturbine was fabricated and the performance test was carried out in a water tunnel over the head range of H = 0.8 m ~ 1.26 m. The peak turbine efficiency was 41.3% at the speed ratio of 0.6, and the turbine loss was mostly due to the friction at the chain drive used for power transmission from the runner to the shafts. This type of turbine is expected to become competitive when some improvement in the power transmission mechanism is made.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.515-518
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• 1995

We have studied the magnetization in fields up to 1T at 5K, the saturation magnetization dependence on temperature and the temperature dependence of AC-susceptibility at very low fields (5mOe to 50mOe) of glassy $Fe_{91-x}Zr_{7}B_{2}Ni_{x}$ (x = 0, 5, 10, 15) alloys. The temperature dependence of the magnetization follows the predictions of spin wave excitations with long wavelengths. At zero Ni concentration there is a clear competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions giving rise to spin-glass behaviour. The addition of Ni drastically modifies the magnetic properties: the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling is reduced and finally disappears, the spin wave stiffness increases from 39.5 to $87.3\;meV{\AA}^{2}$ and To increases from 230 K to 478 K. We develop a simple model to quantify the competing interactions and to relate the antiferromagnetically coupled Fe moments to the Ni concentration. We find that the initial susceptibility increases with increasing Ni content along with a decrease of the temperature dependence.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2021

We determined the composition of water and sediment bacterial assemblages from the East Sea using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Total bacterial reads were greater in surface waters (<100 m) than in deep seawaters (>500 m) and sediments. However, total OTUs, bacterial diversity, and evenness were greater in deep seawaters than in surface waters with those in the sediment comparable to the deep sea waters. Proteobacteria was the most dominant bacterial phylum comprising 67.3% of the total sequence reads followed by Bacteriodetes (15.8%). Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria followed all together consisting of only 8.1% of the total sequence. Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique considered oligotrophic bacteria, and Planctomycetes copiotrophic bacteria showed an opposite distribution in the surface waters, suggesting a potentially direct competition for available resources by these bacteria with different traits. The bacterial community in the warm surface waters were well separated from the other deep cold seawater and sediment samples. The bacteria exclusively associated with deep sea waters was Actinobacteriacea, known to be prevalent in the deep photic zone. The bacterial group Chromatiales and Lutibacter were those exclusively associated with the sediment samples. The overall bacterial community showed similarities in the horizontal rather than vertical direction in the East Sea.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, interest in flexible devices is increasing for information and communication technology electronic products. This is a hot technology field in which competition is intensifying to preoccupy the global market for flexible electronic devices because of the many advantages of ultra-lightweight, flexibility, design diversity, high applicability, and low cost. Some flexible electronic products have been commercialized in Korea, but they are still inadequate in terms of price versus performance, so technology development is required continuously. Particularly, the development of flexible electronic materials is emerging as a key factor for flexible electronic device applications. In this study, we will look into the flexible electronic material technology and industry trends following the trend of flexible technology changes in the display, secondary battery, and solar cell, which has emerged as national core industry and has secured global competitiveness. In addition, I want to introduce the Flexible Electronic Material Center, which was established to foster the flexible electronic material industry.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.28-42
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• 1969

Field studies were conducted with the split plot design of 20 treatment with a combination of 4 levels of 3, 5, 7 and 9 plants per hill and 5 levels of 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 hills per 3.3$m^2$ on non-, low- and high-salty areas. Rice variety, Kusabue was grown under jthe standard fertilization and cultivating. Investigation was made on the productive structure of plant population, leaf-area index, light intensity curve by stratum of crop population at the panicle differentiation stage. The competition density effect on the photosynthetic capacity was low as the salt concentration became higher. This seemed to suggest the possiblity of an increased yielding capacity by closer planting in the salty areas. The effect of an increased number of hills per unit area was greater than that of an increased unmber of plants per hill due to the total leaf area and space distribution of the actie assimilation parts of rice plants. The number of ppanicle per unit area in the salty areas were increased when the number of hill per 3.3$m^2$ increased over an increased number of plants per hill, and the panicle weight was reduced by close planting in the non-lalty area, while it was not reduced so much in the salty areas. The number of grains per panicle was significantly decreased by close planting in the salty areas as in the non-salty area, and ratio of matured grain was not decreased even by close planting in the salty areas, while it was significantly decreased by close planting in the non-salty area. An increase in the rice yield was possible by close planting and greatly related to leaf area index in the salty areas but not in the non-salty area. Increasing the number of hills per unit area showed greater effect on the increase of the rice yield than an increased number of plants per hill in the salty areas. Relationships between the growth characteristics and the rice population affected by plant spacing mode for maximum production were discussed.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.169-174
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• 1999

Arabidopsis AHL gene contains 4 exons encoding a putative protein highly homologous to the yeast salt-sensitive enzyme HAL2, a 3'(2'),5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase involving in reductive sulfate assimilation. AHL cDNA complemented yeast met22 (hal2) mutant. AHL fusion protein expressed in E. coli exhibited $Mg^{2+}$-dependent, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP)-specific phosphatase activity. $Li^+,\;Na^+,\;K^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ ions inhibit the enzyme activity by competing with $Mg^{2+}$ for the active site of the enzyme. The enzyme activity was also sensitive to ${\mu}M$ concentrations of toxic heavy metal ions such as $Cd^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$, but was not recovered by addition of more $Mg^{2+}$ ions, suggesting that these ions inactivate the enzyme with a mechanism other than competition with $Mg^{2+}$ ions. Inhibition of the AHL enzyme activity may result in accumulation of PAP, which is highly toxic to the cell. Thus, the AHL enzyme could be one of the intial targets of heavy metal toxicity in plants.