• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2007

해양은 인류가 산업활동을 통하여 방출한 이산화탄소를 대부분 흡수할 수 있으나 자연상태에서는 대기 중 이산화탄소가 해양으로 흡수되는 속도가 매우 느리기 때문에, 가시적인 대기중 온실가스농도저감을 위해서는 인공적으로 해양의 중심층으로 이산화탄소를 직접 분사시켜 해수에 용해시키는 방법을 사용할 수 있다. 화력발전소나 제철소 등 이산화탄소를 대량으로 발생시키는 곳에서 이를 직접 포집하여 선박으로 필리핀해나 일본 동쪽의 공해역으로 운송하여 중심층(수심 $2,000{\sim}3,000\;m$)에 분사시킨다면 수 백년 이상 해양에 저장할 수 있다. 해수에 용해된 이산화탄소는 분사지역을 중심으로 해수의 pH를 감소시키는데, 환경변화가 매우 적은 심해에 적응한 생물들은 작은 환경의 변화에도 큰 영향을 받을 수 있기 때문에, $CO_2$ 분사를 시행하려면 이에 의한 생태영향평가를 수행해야 한다. 생태계에 나타나는 손실이 $CO_2$ 분사에 의한 이득보다 작을 경우에만 심층 분사를 통한 해양 이산화탄소 격리가 경제적인 측면에서 유효하다.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2008년도 한국우주과학회보 제17권2호
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• pp.27.1-27.1
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• 2008

KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) is developing a compact wide-field survey space telescope system, MIRIS (The Multi-purpose IR Imaging System) to be launched in 2010 as the main payload of the Korea Science and Technology Satellite 3. Through recent System Design Review (SDR) and Preliminary Design Review (PDR), most of the system design concept was reviewed and confirmed. The near IR imaging system adopted short F/2 optics for wide field low resolution observation at wavelength band 0.9~2.0 um minimizing the effect of attitude control system. The mechanical system is composed of a cover, baffle, optics, and detector system using a $256\times256$ Teledyne PICNIC FPA providing a $3.67\times3.67$ degree field of view with a pixel scale of 51.6 arcsec. We designed a support system to minimize heat transfer with Muti-Layer Insulation. The electronics of the MIRIS system is composed of 7 boards including DSP, control, SCIF. Particular attention is being paid to develop mission operation scenario for space observation to minimize IR background radiation from the Earth and Sun. The scientific purpose of MIRIS is to survey the Galactic plane in the emission line of Pa$\alpha$ ($1.88{\mu}m$) and to detect the cosmic infrared background (CIB) radiation. The CIB is being suspected to be originated from the first generation stars of the Universe and we will test this hypothesis by comparing the fluctuations in I (0.9~1.2 um) and H (1.2~2.0 um) bands to search the red shifted Lyman cutoff signature.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.102-102
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• 2014

The NISS (Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer for Star formation history) onboard NEXTSat-1 is the near-infrared instrument onboard NEXTSat-1 which is being developed by KASI. The main scientific targets are nearby galaxies, galaxy clusters, star-forming regions and low background regions in order to study the cosmic star formation history in local and distant universe. After the Preliminary Design Review, we have fixed major specifications of the NISS. The off-axis optical design with 15cm apertureis optimized to obtain a wide field of view ($2deg.{\times}2deg.$), while minimizing the sensitivity loss. The opto-mechanical structure of the NISS was designed to be safe enough to endure in the launching condition as well as the space environment. The tolerance analysis was performed to cover the wide wavelength range from 0.95 to $3.8{\mu}m$ and to reduce the degradation of optical performance due to thermal variation at the target temperature, 200K. The $1k{\times}1k$ infrared sensor is operated in the dewar at 80K stage. We confirmed that the NISS can be cooled down to below 200K in the nominal orbit through a radiative cooling. Here, we report the preliminary design of the NISS.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.64.3-65
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• 2016

The NISS (Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer for Star formation history) is the near-infrared instrument optimized to the Next Generation of small satellite series (NEXTSat). The capability of both imaging and low spectral resolution spectroscopy in the near-infrared range is a unique function of the NISS. The major scientific mission is to study the cosmic star formation history in local and distant universe. For those purposes, the main observational targets are nearby galaxies, galaxy clusters, star-forming regions and low background regions. The off-axis optical design is optimized to have a wide field of view ($2deg.{\times}2deg.$) as well as the wide wavelength range from 0.95 to $3.8{\mu}m$. Two linear variable filters are used to realize the imaging spectroscopy with the spectral resolution of ~20. The mechanical structure is considered to endure the launching condition as well as the space environment. The compact dewar is confirmed to operate the infrared detector as well as filters at 80K stage. The electronics is tested to obtain and process the signal from infrared sensor and to communicate with the satellite. After the test and calibration of the engineering qualification model (EQM), the flight model of the NSS is assembled and integrated into the satellite. To verify operations of the satellite in space, the space environment tests such as the vibration, shock and thermal-vacuum test were performed. Here, we report the test results of the flight model of the NISS.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.40.1-40.1
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• 2017

The NISS (Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer for Star formation history) is the near-infrared spectro-photometric instrument optimized to the Next Generation of small satellite series (NEXTSat). To achieve the major scientific objectives for the study of the cosmic star formation in local and distant universe, the spectro-photometric survey covering more than 100 square degree will be performed. The main observational targets will be nearby galaxies, galaxy clusters, star-forming regions and low background regions. The off-axis optics was developed to cover a wide field of view ($2deg.{\times}2deg.$) as well as the wide wavelength range from 0.95 to $2.5{\mu}m$, which were revised based upon the recent test and evaluation of the NISS instrument. The mechanical structure were tested under the launching condition as well as the space environment. The signal processing from infrared sensor and the communication with the satellite were evaluated after the integration into the satellite. The flight model of the NSS was assembled and integrated into the satellite. To verify operations of the satellite in space, the space environment tests such as the vibration, shock and thermal-vacuum test were performed. The accurate calibration data were obtained in our test facilities. Here, we report the test results of the flight model of the NISS.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1073-1082
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• 2012

We first sought to clarify the effects of discounted rate, survival rate, and lactation persistency as a component trait of the selection index on net merit, defined as the first five lactation milks and herd life (HL) weighted by 1 and 0.389 (currently used in Japan), respectively, in units of genetic standard deviation. Survival rate increased the relative economic importance of later lactation traits and the first five lactation milk yields during the first 120 months from the start of the breeding scheme. In contrast, reliabilities of the estimated breeding value (EBV) in later lactation traits are lower than those of earlier lactation traits. We then sought to clarify the effects of applying single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on net merit to improve the reliability of EBV of later lactation traits to maximize their increased economic importance due to increase in survival rate. Net merit, selection accuracy, and HL increased by adding lactation persistency to the selection index whose component traits were only milk yields. Lactation persistency of the second and (especially) third parities contributed to increasing HL while maintaining the first five lactation milk yields compared with the selection index whose only component traits were milk yields. A selection index comprising the first three lactation milk yields and persistency accounted for 99.4% of net merit derived from a selection index whose components were identical to those for net merit. We consider that the selection index comprising the first three lactation milk yields and persistency is a practical method for increasing lifetime milk yield in the absence of data regarding HL. Applying SNP to the second- and third-lactation traits and HL increased net merit and HL by maximizing the increased economic importance of later lactation traits, reducing the effect of first-lactation milk yield on HL (genetic correlation ($r_G$) = -0.006), and by augmenting the effects of the second- and third-lactation milk yields on HL ($r_G$ = 0.118 and 0.257, respectively).

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.49.1-49.1
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• 2014

The NISS (Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer for Star formation history) onboard NEXTSat-1 is the near-infrared instrument onboard NEXTSat-1 which is being developed by KASI. The imaging low-resolution spectroscopic observation in the near-infrared range for nearby galaxies, low background regions, star-forming regions and so on will be performed on orbit. After the System Requirement Review, the optical design is changed from on-axis to the off-axis telescope which has a wide field of view (2 deg. ${\times}$ 2 deg.) as well as the wide wavelength range from 0.95 to $3.8{\mu}m$. The mechanical structure is considered to endure the launching condition as well as the space environment. The design of relay optics is optimized to maintain the uniform optical performance in the required wavelength range. The stray light analysis is being made to evade a light outside a field of view. The dewar is designed to operate the infrared detector at 80K stage. From the thermal analysis, we confirmed that the telescope can be cooled down to around 200K in order to reduce the large amount of thermal noise. Here, we report the current status of the NISS development.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.36.2-36.2
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• 2013

The SPICA (SPace Infrared Telescope for Cosmology & Astrophysics) project is a next-generation infrared space telescope optimized for mid- and far-infrared observation with a cryogenically cooled 3m-class telescope. The focal plane instruments onboard SPICA will enable us to resolve many astronomical key issues from the formation and evolution of galaxies to the planetary formation. The FPC-S (Focal Plane Camera - Sciecne) is a near-infrared instrument proposed by Korea as an international collaboration. Owing to the capability of both low-resolution imaging spectroscopy and wide-band imaging with a field of view of $5^{\prime}{\times}5^{\prime}$, it has large throughput as well as high sensitivity for diffuse light compared with JWST. In order to strengthen advantages of the FPC-S, we propose the studies of probing population III stars by the measurement of cosmic near-infrared background radiation and the star formation history at high redshift by the discoveries of active star-forming galaxies. In addition to the major scientific targets, to survey large area opens a new parameter space to investigate the deep Universe. The good survey capability in the parallel imaging mode allows us to study the rare, bright objects such as quasars, bright star-forming galaxies in the early Universe as a way to understand the formation of the first objects in the Universe, and ultra-cool brown dwarfs. Observations in the warm mission will give us a unique chance to detect high-z supernovae, ices in young stellar objects (YSOs) even with low mass, the $3.3{\mu}$ feature of shocked circumstance in supernova remnants. Here, we report the current status of SPICA/FPC project and its extragalactic sciences.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2008

해양 심부 견인 전기비저항 탐사 방법이 새로이 개발되었다. 이 방법은 탄성파 반사법 탐사에서 잘 영상화 되지 않던 메탄 하이드레이트의 상부 경계를 찾아내기 위해 고안되었다. 이 장비는 하나의 송신기와 8개의 송신 전극들 및 한 개의 수신쌍극자를 갖는 160 m 연장의 긴 꼬리가 연구용 탐사선에 연결 되어 해저면 근처에서 끌리도록 만들어져 있다. 수치모형실험은 고안된 해양 전기비저항 탐사 방법이 메탄 하이드레이트 층의 상부를 효과적으로 잘 영상화함을 보여주었다. 실제 탐사는 메탄 하이드레이트가 노두로 관찰된 동해에 속해 있는 Joetsu의 먼바다에서 수행되었다. 대략 3.5 km에 달하는 탐사측선에 대하여 전기비저항 자료가 성공적으로 얻어 졌으며 상대적으로 높은 겉보기비저항 값들이 감지되었다. 특별히 메탄 하이드레이트가 들어나 있는 지역에서는 이상적으로 높은 겉보기비저항 값이 관측되었으며, 우리는 이 고겉보기비저항 값이 해저면 밑의 메탄 하이드레이트 지역에 의한 것으로 해석 하였다. 해양 전기비저항 탐사는 메탄 하이드레이트가 매장되어 있는 지역에서 해저면 하부를 잘 영상화 할 수 있는 새로운 도구가 될 것이다.