• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.263-272
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• 2011

For tomatoes containing valuable nutrients and biological active substances, this study examined differences in the ascorbic acid, lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene, and ${\alpha}$-carotene contents in processed tomato products according to tomato cultivar and the part of fully ripened tomatoes. According to the results, the ascorbic acid content was different among tomato cultivars, and it was far higher in jelly than in pulp among the parts of tomatoes. The ascorbic acid content in processed tomato products was higher in tomato juice than in other types of tomato products, but the difference was mainly from various additives used in addition to tomatoes; therefore, it was somewhat unreasonable to compare the ascorbic acid content among the products. It was found that the lycopene content was not significantly different between pulp and jelly in each cultivar. In most of the cultivars, the ${\beta}$-carotene content was not significantly different according to the parts, but in cultivar yeoyong, the content was 2.7 times higher in jelly than in pulp. The ${\alpha}$-carotene content was highest in both pulp and jelly for all the cultivar, and the lycopene and ${\beta}$-carotene contents were lowest regardless of parts for cultivar Yellow Carol. ${\alpha}$ carotene was not detected in either pulp or jelly. The lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene, and ${\alpha}$-carotene contents showed significant difference among processed tomato products, and the difference came mainly from the type of processing and additives. Tomatoes have superior characteristics, but they are usually consumed uncooked in Korea. Thus, this study aimed to contribute to the various forms of consumption of tomatoes, that is, the development of various nutritionally excellent cooking methods using processed tomato products.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.115-127
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of the Lycopene cultivar of cherry tomatoes as a functional food and food material by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, anti-oxidative and anticancer activity. The contents of polyphenol and flavonoid were $12.28{\pm}1.78mg$ and $3.89{\pm}0.54mg$ per one g of dried cherry tomatoes respectively. The anti-oxidative activity of the cherry tomato was verified by measuring ${\alpha}$-${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (DSA), 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (ASA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). 50% of radical scavenging concentrations ($IC_{50}$) of DSA and ASA were $328.64{\pm}4.190{\mu}g/mL$ and $350.61{\pm}3.300{\mu}g/mL$ respectively. FRAP value was $26.92{\pm}0.68{\mu}mol$ $Fe^{2+}/g$. The effects of the cherry tomato extract on the growth of a normal lung cell (Hel299), lung cancer cell (A549), cervical cancer cell (HeLa) and a liver cancer cell (HepG2) were investigated using MTT assay. The cherry tomato extract showed a significantly strong growth inhibition effects against A549 cell and $IC_{50}$ was $375.46{\pm}33.670{\mu}g/mL$. The extract also inhibited growths of HeLa and HepG2 cells weakly. In this study we found that Lycopene cultivar of cherry tomato had anti-oxidative activity and strong inhibition effect against lung cancer cells. These results indicate that the Lycopene cultivar of cherry tomato would be a functional food and food material.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.345-349
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• 2013

Physicochemical characteristics of Citrullus lanatus cv. Mudeungsan and 5 other cultivars of Citrullus lanatus were investigated. The color of watermelon (redness) was not significantly different among the cultivars. Hardness ranged from 38.76 to 52.12 force (g) among cultivars. Soluble solid content in Taeyangggul and Mudeungsan were higher than that in other cultivars. pH ranged from 5.39 to 6.02 among cultivars, and total acidity was the highest in Mudeungsan (0.147 mg/100 g). No significant difference in total carotenoid content was observed among the cultivars. Lycopene content in Mudeungsan cultivar was higher than that in other cultivars. Citrullin contents of watermelon flesh and rind in Mudeungsan and GangryeokSambok were higher than those in other cultivars. The major free sugars of watermelon were sucrose and fructose, and the predominant organic acids were succinic acid and citric acid. In conclusion, Mudeungsan cultivar had better properties as outlined above and contained soluble solids and functional components, compared to the other watermelon cultivars.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.917-921
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• 2014

'Hei-G' is a new tomato cultivar originating from the cross of two inbred lines, the maternal plant TKUI-3 separated from 'Kame' in 2007, and the paternal plant AL-1 developed by pedigree breeding. The new cultivar was registered as 'Hei-G' named 'JTB026 (Jeonnam-2)' based on characteristics and yield trials carried out in the spring of 3 years, from 2010 to 2012. 'Hei-G' is an indeterminate type with strong plant vigor. The fruit is round and the ripening fruit is blackish red. The average fruit weight of 'Hei-G' is about 43.4 g, and its marketable yield is $4,944kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$. The lycopene content of 'Hei-G' ($11.8mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) is higher than that of other tomatoes (e.g., cv. Rapido, 3.1 mg). In addition, 'Hei-G' is suitable for environment-friendly protected cultivation because of its resistance to powdery mildew.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2018

Recently, the interest and consumption of mini watermelon (Citrullus lunatus Thunb.) are increasing due to nuclear family and one person household. However, there's no research for mini watermelon. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to develop standard cultivation method of mini watermelon. The test cultivar is 'Minimi', which is a small-sized fruit, the rootstock is 'Bullojangsaeng', which is a cucurbit line. Grafted plants were transplanted on April 5, 2017, and harvested in early July. Cultivated types were 3 methods, which are ${\cap}-form$, arched, and runner type, and plant spacing were 40, 60, and 80 cm, respectively. The rowth and yield in ${\cap}-form$ was higher than that of the arched and runner types, and the sugar content was higher a bit. The yield per unit area was about 50% higher than ${\cap}-form$, which can be plant density cultivation than that of the runner type. The number of seeds per fruit of 'Minimi' was similar to that of 'Sambokggul', but seed weight was one third lower than that of 'Sambokggul'. The content of lycopene was 30% higher than that of 'Sambokggul' watermelon, and the main sugar content is similar to or slightly less. In conclusion, the ${\cap}-form$ staking cultivation was superior to the runner type or arched cultivation in terms of fruit setting ratio, yield and quality.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.833-836
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• 2013

'Hei' is a new cultivar of red with black flesh; originated from the cross of two inbred lines, mother plant, TKUI separated from 'Kame' in 2007 and father plant, TLB separated from tomato collected in Europe by pedigree breeding method. 'Hei' was tested for specific character and productivity of lines of tomatoes in spring for 2 years, 2008 to 2009. This variety had resistance to powdery mildew. 'Hei' is an indeterminate type. The fruit shape is round and the skin color is blackish red. The average fruit weight of 'Hei' is about 127.9 g and marketable yield is $5,715kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$. Lycopene contents of 'Hei' are about $18.5mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, high compared with other tomato ($3.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). 'Hei' is suitable for environment-friendly protected cultivation because of resistance to powdery mildew.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.660-672
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• 2022

The target of rapamycin complex (TORC) plays a key role in plant cell growth and survival by regulating the gene expression and metabolism according to environmental information. TORC activates transcription, mRNA translation, and anabolic processes under favorable conditions, thereby promoting plant growth and development. Tomato fruit ripening is a complex developmental process promoted by ethylene and specific transcription factors. TORC is known to modulate leaf senescence in tomato. In this study, we investigated the function of TORC in tomato fruit ripening using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of the TORC genes, TOR, lethal with SEC13 protein 8 (LST8), and regulatory-associated protein of TOR (RAPTOR). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that the expression levels of tomato TORC genes were the highest in the orange stage during fruit development in Micro-Tom tomato. VIGS of these TORC genes using stage 2 tomato accelerated fruit ripening with premature orange/red coloring and decreased fruit growth, when control tobacco rattle virus 2 (TRV2)-myc fruits reached the mature green stage. TORC-deficient fruits showed early accumulation of carotenoid lycopene and reduced cellulose deposition in pericarp cell walls. The early ripening fruits had higher levels of transcripts related to fruit ripening transcription factors, ethylene biosynthesis, carotenoid synthesis, and cell wall modification. Finally, the early ripening phenotype in Micro-Tom tomato was reproduced in the commercial cultivar Moneymaker tomato by VIGS of the TORC genes. Collectively, these results demonstrate that TORC plays an important role in tomato fruit ripening by modulating the transcription of various ripening-related genes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.379-385
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• 2015

The nutritional components of astringent persimmons according to growing region (five different regions) and cultivar (Daebong and Bansi) were analyzed. The analyzed nutritional components were proximate compositions, insoluble and soluble dietary fibers, vitamin C, carotenes (${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene), free sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose), sugar alcohols (xylitol, sorbitol, and mannitol), minerals (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn), organic acids (tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, and succinic acid), tannic acid, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. Daebong and Bansi, which are representative cultivars of astringent persimmons grown in Korea, exhibited significant differences in nutritional components. Insoluble dietary fibers, ${\beta}$-carotene, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, potassium, malic acid, succinic acid, and total phenolic compounds were present at higher levels in Daebong as compared to Bansi. On the other hand, Bansi was rich in moisture, crude protein, vitamin C, Ca, Mn, tartaric acid, and flavonoids. Nutritional components were highly influenced by growing region. Daebong grown in region A was greater in ${\beta}$-carotene, sorbitol, mannitol, zinc, and total phenolic compounds among the all other tested persimmons grown in five different regions. The crude protein, Na, Ca, Mn, tartaric acid, and flavonoids were highest in Bansi grown in E region.