• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2012

Crocodile farms are getting popular in Bangladesh in an economic point of view. In one of the farms, some crocodiles were found sick and three of them died between May and July in 2006. This investigation was performed to diagnose the cause of the death. Routine postmortem examination was conducted. Samples were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathology and in falcon tube for microbiological study. Additional swabs were collected in nutrient broth. Histopathological and microbiological studies were conducted using routine procedures. In addition Giemsa, Gram and PAS stains were performed to detect the organism in tissues. Grossly, esophagus, trachea, lungs, liver, spleen, heart and kidney were congested. Intestine, rectum and colon were hemorrhagic. Clay colored material was found in colo-rectum. Purulent exudates in lungs and thick and cloudy pericardial fluid in pericardial sac were found. Histologically, multifocal granulomatous inflammation was evident in lung, liver, kidney, intestine and colon with bacterial colonies, fungal spores and hyphae. These bacteria were appeared as Gram negative. Fungal hyphae and spores were detected in liver, lungs and colon by using PAS stain. Bacteriologically, E. coli were isolated from lungs exudates, pericardial fluids and intestinal fluids. Therefore, it can be concluded that 3 crocodiles died due to E. coli septicemia concurrent with mycotic infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.181-186
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• 1996

The present study was conducted to investigate the biochemical and serologic characteristic of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pneumonic lungs of pigs during the period from January 1992 to April 1993. A pleuropneumoniae was isolated from 17(27.0%) of 63 growing pigs with respiratory signs and 21(6.4%) of 330 pneumonic lungs of slaughtered pigs. The seasonal isolation frequency of A pleuropneumoniae was higher in winter and spring than that in summer or fall. The biochemical and cultural properties of A pleluropneumoniae isolated from the pneumonic lungs of pigs were identical to those of the reference strains used. The isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin, cephalothin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin(MIC : ${\leq}0.39{\mu}g/ml$) and moderately susceptible to amikacin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, kanamycin, methicillin, penicillin-G, streptomycin(MIC : 0.78~25IU or ${\mu}g/ml$), respectively. Sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, tylosine showed no response to the isolates(MIC : ${\geq}100{\mu}g/ml$). Among the 38 isolates, 21(55.3%) and 13(34.2%) were resistant to oxytetracycline aid lincomydn, respectively(MIC : ${\geq}50IU$ or ${\mu}g/ml$). The majority of 38 A pleuropneumoniae isolates were turned out as serotype 2(47.4%) or serotype 5(54.7%) and the remaining 3 isolates were evenly classified to serotype 7, 10 or 12. It was noted A pleuropneumonine serotype 5 isolates were more resistant to oxytetracycline than serotype 2 isolates.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.247-252
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• 1985

In the present study, the effect of primary infection to reinfection with Ascaris suum larvae was experimented in mouse model. Mice were challenged with 1,000 infective stage eggs of Ascaris suum. The embryonated eggs were directly introduced into stomach of mice. Reinfection was performed at 50 days after the primary infection with same method as primary infection. Mice were sacrificed 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 20 days after infection in both groups respectively. Larvae collected from livers and lungs with Baermann's apparatus were enumerated and measured after sacrifice. Sera of mice were also collected at same time. The results of the experiment were as follows: With antigen prepared from coelomic fluid of adult Ascaris suum and sera collected from mice before reinfection, the production of antibody in experimental mice was confirmed by the gel-diffusion technique. In the livers of reinfected mice, the larvae were recovered up to 10 days after challenge, otherwhile in the primary infected mice, the larvae were observed up to 7 days. The maximum number of larvae were observed in the lungs of primary infected mice on 10 days after inoculation. In the lungs of reinfected mice, maximum number of larvae were recovered on 7 days after, only few larvae were recovered on 10 days after reinfection. As regards the growth of the larvae, the third stage larvae, over $500{\mu\textrm{m}}$ in length, appeared in livers at 5 days after reinfection, but it couldn't be found on 7 days and 10 days after challenge. The third stage larvae continuously developed were observed in lungs of mice from 5 days after reinfection. In conclusion, it was found that development of larvae in livers of immune mice were probably repressed by the immune mechanisms being rises in livers and defence mechanism is also acting by interfering with the process of larval penetration into the lung from the liver.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.625-635
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach for segmenting the lungs efficiently and automatically in chest CT images. The proposed method consists of the following three steps. first, lungs and airways are extracted by two- and three-dimensional automatic seeded region growing and connected component labeling in low-resolution. Second, trachea and large airways are delineated from the lungs by two-dimensional morphological operations, and the left and right lungs are identified by connected component labeling in low-resolution. Third, smooth and accurate lung region borders are obtained by refinement based on image subtraction. In experiments, we evaluate our method in aspects of accuracy and efficiency using 10 chest CT images obtained from 5 patients. To evaluate the accuracy, we Present results comparing our automatic method to manually traced borders from radiologists. Experimental results show that proposed method which use connected component labeling in low-resolution reduce processing time by 31.4 seconds and maximum memory usage by 196.75 MB on average. Our method extracts lung surfaces efficiently and automatically without additional processing like hole-filling.

• Experimental and Molecular Medicine
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.9.1-9.10
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• 2018

Although the positive effects of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-2 (rFGF-2) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been implicated in previous studies, knowledge of its role in COPD remains limited. The mechanism of FGF2 in a COPD mouse model and the therapeutic potential of rFGF-2 were investigated in COPD. The mechanism and protective effects of rFGF-2 were evaluated in cigarette smoke-exposed or elastase-induced COPD animal models. Inflammation was assessed in alveolar cells and lung tissues from mice. FGF-2 was decreased in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. Intranasal use of rFGF-2 significantly reduced macrophage-dominant inflammation and alveolar destruction in the lungs. In the elastase-induced emphysema model, rFGF-2 improved regeneration of the lungs. In humans, plasma FGF-2 was decreased significantly in COPD compared with normal subjects (10 subjects, P = 0.037). The safety and efficacy of inhaled rFGF-2 use was examined in COPD patients, along with changes in respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function. A 2-week treatment with inhaled rFGF-2 in COPD (n = 6) resulted in significantly improved respiratory symptoms compared with baseline levels (P < 0.05); however, the results were not significant compared with the placebo. The pulmonary function test results of COPD improved numerically compared with those in the placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant. No serious adverse events occurred during treatment with inhaled rFGF-2. The loss of FGF-2 production is an important mechanism in the development of COPD. Inhaling rFGF-2 may be a new therapeutic option for patients with COPD because rFGF-2 decreases inflammation in lungs exposed to cigarette smoke.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 1998

Various hantaviruses were isolated from HFRS patients and various rodent species, in many parts of the world. Bandicotas were captured at Yogyakarta, east region of Sumatura island, Indonesia; and 4 rodents species including Bandicotas were captured at Chiang Rai in Thailand during 1995. Sera were collected from captured bandicotas and other rodent spicies were screened for antibody test against Hantaan (HTN), Seoul (SEO), Puumala (PUU) and Sin Nombre (SN) viruses by immunofluoresence antibody assay (IFA). Hantavirus antigen in lung tissues were tested by IFA. Among 55 captured Bandicota indica in Indonesia, 14 (25.5%) were antibody positive against HTN, SEO, PUU and SN virus. Hantavirus antigen were detected from 5 (9.0%) out of 55 lungs tested. Among 34 captured Bandicota indica in Thailand, 9 (26.5%) were antibody positive against HTN, SEO, PUU and SN virus. Among 34 lungs tissues of Bandicota indica examined, 3 (8.8%) were antigen positive. In other rodent species, antibody positive against Hantaviruses of Rattus rattus, Rattus losea and Mus cervicolor were 4/62 (6.5%), 5/25 (20%), 1/1 (100%), respectively. But no one has antigen in their lung tissues. Antigen positive lungs suspension were inoculated into vero E6 cells for virus isolation and 4 viruses were isolated from Indonesian Badicota and 3 viruses from Thailand.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.207-228
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• 2009

Objective : To find the main symptoms associated with atopic dermatitis and to get the utmost out of information about cause, treatment are contribute in the treatment of atopic dermatitis rather than looking for ways through how to connect modern atopic dermatitis and a listed symptom of classic literature. Method : In this research, we recorded about the main symptoms of atopic dermatitis such as itch, erythema, edema, pus and furuncle. Also we interpreted original text by extracting a sentence containing the terms like red[赤], pus[膿], flare[發赤], dermatosis[溞], swelling[洋], light red[紅], itch[瀁], worm running[蟲行], juice[汁], rash[癮疹], variegation[疹斑] and summarized cause of symptoms, disease sign, prescription. Results : There are the cause of many symptoms accompanied by atopic dermatitis in the body that recorded unpreparedness[虛], Wind[風], Fever[熱], unpreparedness & interruption of vitality hole[氣穴不通], unpreparedness & Wind, Wind Fever[風熱], Wind Coldness[風寒], Wind Humidity[風濕], Humidity Fever[濕熱], Wind Humidity Fever, Wind of Lungs[肺風], Wind of Lungs and Spleen[脾肺風], the Kidney Wind poison[腎臟風毒], Wind of Lungs Fever, Worm[蟲], miscellaneous vitality[雜氣], unpreparedness and Fever of Heart[心虛熱], old sore of kidney poison[久瘡腎臟風毒].

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2008

A pheochromocytoma is a neuroectodermal tumor that originates from the chromaffin cells of the sympathetic system. Typical symptoms or signs are periodic attacks of paroxysmal hypertension, spell, palpitation, headache and sweating. However, the clinical presentation is quite variable. Therefore, an atypical clinical presentation sometimes makes a diagnosis difficult. Hemoptysis as a presenting symptom is very rare in pheochromocytoma. We recently experienced a patient with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage due to pheochromocytoma. A chest PA showed diffuse consolidation and ground glass opacities in both lungs. A chest CT showed diffuse consolidation and ground glass opacities in the central, middle and lower portion predominance of the lungs, sparing the costophrenic angles and apices of the lungs. In Korea, a case of pheochromocytoma that presented initially as massive hemoptysis due to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage has not been previously reported. We report the case with a review of the literature.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.339-341
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• 1994

Pulmonary zygomycosis was diagnosed in 2 of the 45 broiler chicks both by culture as well as direct microscopy. Absidia corymbifera was isolated from the diseased lungs on Sabouraud medium at 37$^{\circ}C$. The squash preparations of the lungs in direct microscopy revealed the presence of broad non-septate, branched zygomycetes type hyphae, Similar fungal elements were detected in the PAS stained tissue imprints of the infected lungs. The recovery of A. corymbifera in high concentration from the litter and soil of chick pen suggested that environment probably acted as the source of Infection to these broilers. It is advised that zygomycosis may be considered in the differential diagnosis of avian respiratory diseases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.297-306
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• 1995

The present study was conducted to investigate the incidence of Streptococcus suis infection in the pneumonic lungs of slaughter pigs from December 1992 to April 1994 and to examine the biochemical and cultural properties, the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype of the isolates. Fifty-six(7.95%) strains of S suis was isolated from 704 pneumonic lungs of slaughter pigs, of which 33 cultures were isolated alone, while remaining 18 were complicated wide Pasteurella multocida. Of the 56 S suis isolates, 18(32.1%) were serotype 2, 5(8.9%) were serotype 1/2, 2 were serotype 1, 1 each for serotype 3 & 5, and the remaining 29 were untypable. The twenty five strains(44.6%) of all isolates produced hyaluronidase while 15 strains(88.3%) of 18 serotype 2 isolates were hyaluronidase producers. All of isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftiofur, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin and penicillin G, although the majority of them were resistant to kanamycin, colistin, erythromycin, oxytetracycline.