• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.104-118
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• 2002

Objectives : To study the effects of Kumsooyukkun-jeon on asthma. Methods : Asthma was induced to Balb/c mice with ovalbumin using the method of Hatfield et al. We measured the histological profiles of lung and trachea, numbers of cellular compartments in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), numbers and morphology of the mast cells in the trachea, numbers of mucous-secretory cells in the bronchus, morphology of the bronchus, ultramicroscopical appearance of surface of trachea and number of cilia and mucous-secretory cells by scanning electron microscope. Results : 1. Hypertrophy of mucous membrane of trachea and bronchus and bronchioles in the lung, peritracheal, peribronchus and peribronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltration, and mucoid exudate deposition the lumen were observed in control groups but these phenomena were recovered in the Kumsooyukkun-jeon groups. 2. Cellular compartments including neutrophil and eosinophil were increased in the BALF of control groups but these phenomena were recovered in the Kumsooyukkun-jeon groups. 3. Degranulation and decrease of the numbers of mast cells were detected in the trachea of control groups. However, these phenomena were recovered in the Kumsooyukkun-jeon groups. 4. Shedding, decrease of cilia cell and increase of mucous-secretory cells in the surface of the trachea were measured in control groups but these phenomena were recovered in the Kumsooyukkun-jeon groups. Conclusions : It is considered that Kumsooyukkun-jeon has somewhat favorable effects on asthma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.256-259
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• 1995

The diffuse nodular lung lesion has a diagnostic problem and should be made differential diagnosis. A chest X-ray of 62-year-old male patient with dyspnea showed small-sized scattered multinodular lesion on entire lung field. Bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial needle aspiration showed the non-specific findings, so open lung biopsy was done and revealed bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권2호
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

Activated charcoal is an inert substance and it is used in standard therapy in patients with acute intoxication. Charcoal has some side effects such as pulmonary aspiration, gastrointestinal complications, and electrolyte abnormalities. Although aspiration of charcoal is a rare complication, it can cause fatal sequelae. We report a 69-year old man who developed acute respiratory failure associated with charcoal aspiration after management of glyphosate poisoning. The patient was drowsy and suffered severe vomiting during transport to our hospital. On arrival, acute respiratory failure was observed due to charcoal aspiration, but the clinical state was improved with repeated bronchoscopy with a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We presumed that the aspirated charcoal was an important factor in evoking a lung injury. Early bronchoscopy with a BAL might be an effective method for eliminating charcoal from the lung, especially in the case of a large amount of aspiration, and be helpful in decreasing respiratory failure due to charcoal aspiration.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2014

Human neutrophils play an essential role in the innate immune response and are involved in the pathogenesis of the severe and corticosteroid-resistant asthma. Asthma is characterized by an infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung and by a cytokine release. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) on the chemotaxis and apoptosis of neutrophils which were isolated from healthy subjects. The BALF of subjects with asthma induces the blood neutrophil chemotaxis in the opposite of that in normal subjects. The IL-8, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in BALF were higher in subjects with asthma than in normal subjects. The BALF of normal and asthmatic subjects has no effect on neutrophil apoptosis of BALF. MCP-1 delays the constitutive apoptosis of normal blood neutrophils, but has no effect in normal BALF neutrophils. These results may indicate that inflammatory factors secreted by the lung tissue of patients with asthma trigger the neutrophil chemotaxis and also induce the neutrophil dysregulation.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2012

호흡곤란과 기침을 주 증상으로 보이는 세마리 개가 내원하였다. 신체검사, 혈액검사와 더불어 영상학적 검사가 진행되었다. 한마리 개에서는 흉부 방사선 사진상 연부조직 밀도를 보이는 종괴가 폐엽에서 확인 되었고 CT 검사를 통해 종양 가능성이 배제되었다. 두마리 개에서 폐에 기관지 확장증이 동반된 기관지 간질 침윤이 확인되었고 세 마리 개 모두 조직병리학적 검사 혹은 세포학적 검사를 통해 호산구성 기관지폐병증이 진단되었다. 약 처방 후 임상 증상은 신속히 개선되었고 영상검사상에서 병변의 감소가 뚜렷하게 관찰되었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.334-344
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• 2010

Background: Based on the known immunoregulatory functions of moxifloxacin on phagocytes, the therapeutic effect of moxifloxacin on oleic acid (OA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) was investigated. Methods: Moxifloxacin (10 mg/kg) was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats that had been given oleic acid (OA, $30{\mu}L$) intravenously. Five hours after OA injection, parameters demonstrating ALI were assessed to measure the effects of moxifloxacin on acute lung injury. Results: The pathological findings of OA-induced ALI's was diminished by moxifloxacin. Through ultrastructural and $CeCl_3$ EM histochemistry, moxifloxacin was confirmed to be effective in decreasing oxidative stress in the lung as well. Indices of ALI, such as lung weight/body weight ratio, protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung myeloperoxidase were decreased by moxifloxacin. In diaminobenzidine immunohistochemistry, fluorescent immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting of the lung, moxifloxacin had decreased the enhanced expression of secretory phospholipase $A_2$ ($sPLA_2$) by OA. Conclusion: We concluded that moxifloxacin was effective in lessening acute inflammatory pulmonary edema caused by OA, by inhibiting the neutrophilic respiratory burst, which was initiated by the activation of $sPLA_2$.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1984

일측폐장을 절제한 뒤 대상성증식기의 폐장을 태아폐장증식의 모델로 삼고 이때 steroid가 대상성증식중의 폐장내 제II형폐포세포의 폐포표면활성물질의 분비에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 본 실험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 잔류폐장의 무게 및 체중에 대한 폐장무게의 비는 폐절제후 betamethasone을 투여한 군에서 폐절제군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 2. 폐세척액내의 인지질인의 함량은 폐절제후 betamethasone을 투여한 군에 있어서는 무처치대조군에 비해서는 유의한(p<0.01) 증가를 보였고 폐절제군에 비해서는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 3. TLC(thin layer chromatography)를 통해 폐세척액내의 인지질의 조성을 조사한 결과, 폐절제후 betamethasone을 투여한 군은 무처치대조군 및 폐절제군과는 다른 양상을 보였다. 이상의 실험결과로 미루어 steroid는 태아폐장의 대상성증식기에 폐포표면활성물질의 분비를 증가시키며 동시에 제II형폐포세포에서 분비되는 폐포표면활성물질의 주성분인 인지질의 조성에도 변화를 일으켜 폐장의 융압률을 증가시킨다고 사료된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.411-418
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• 2002

저자 등은 폐결핵재발 후에 진행성의 호흡곤란과 만성기침을 호소하며 입원하여 흉부전산화 단층촬영 상에 폐포단백증의 특징적인 소견을 보이는 환자를 개흉 폐생검으로 확진하여 항결핵제 투여와 기관지폐포세척술로 임상적 호전을 보인 1예를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1997

In an attempt to investigate the role of phospholipase $A_2$($PLA_2$) in interleukin-l (IL-l) induced acute lung injury, mepacrine was tried to inhibit $PLA_2$ in IL-l induced ARDS rats. For confirmation of acute lung injury by IL-l, and to know the role of neutrophils in this injury, lung leak index, lung myeloperoxidase(MPO), number of neutrophils and protein content in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and wet lung weight were measured. At the same time lung $PLA_2$ was measured to know the effect of IL-l on $PLA_2$ activity. Pulmonary surfactant was also measured for an investigation of type II alveolar cell function. Neutrophil adhesion assay was performed to know the effect of $PLA_2$ inhibition in vitro with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). For precise location of injury by IL-l, morpholgical study was performed by electron microscopy. Five hours after instillation of IL-l (50 ng/rat), lung leak index, protein content, number of neutrophils, lung MPO and wet lung weight were increased significantly. Five hours after IL-l instillation lung $PLA_2$ activity was increased significantly, and increased surfactant release was observed in IL-l induced ARDS rats' BAL. In contrast, in rats given mepacrine and IL-l, there was decrease of acute lung injury i.e. decrease of lung leak index, wet lung weight, protein content, number of neutrophils in BAL and decreased lung MPO activity. Mepacrine decreased surfactant release also. Interestingly, inhibition of $PLA_2$ decreased adhesion of human neutrophils to HUVEC in vitro. Morphologically, IL-l caused diffuse necrosis of endothelial cells, type I and II epithelial cells and increased the infiltration of neutrophils in the interstitium of the lung but after mepacrine treatment these pathological findings were lessened. On the basis of these experimental results it is suggested that $PLA_2$ has a major role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury mediated by neutrophil dependent manner in IL-l induced acute lung injury.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권2호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2012

Pulmonary siderosis, or Welder's lung disease is an occupational lung disease caused by iron-inhalation. Diagnosis of pulmonary siderosis is based on occupational history of the patient, radiologic findings, and pathologic findings of iron-laden macrophages within lung tissue or broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. We observed a case of a 43 years-old welder diagnosed with pulmonary siderosis via thoracoscopic lung biopsy. Sputum culture along with pathology also identified a non-tuberculotic mycobacterial infection with a sputum culture and the pathologic findings. The patient was treated with anti-tubercular medication and cessation of iron-exposure. And his condition improved within a few months.