• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.431-434
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• 2005

A 2-year-old castrated male, Cocker spaniel dog with a history of chronic productive cough for 2 to 3 months and with unsuccessful treatment was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. On thoracic radiographs, there were alveolar infiltrations at left cranial and right caudal lung fields, and soft-tissue opacity round to oval images at overall lung field. The bronchi were dilated, tortuous and not tapered. Abnormal air was accumulated focally in the caudodorsal lung fields. To scrutinize the soft-tissue opacity image and accumulated air, computed tomography (CT) was done. On CT images, severe cylindrical or tubular bronchiectasis was confirmed. And the soft-tissue opacity images were found in the dilated bilated and thought to complexes of mucous plugs, inflammatory cells, necrotic and fibrotic tissue. The dog was dead next day to the CT scan, so necropsy and histopathologic examination were perfermed. On the histopathology, there were cylindrical bronhiectasis and severe diffuse chronic fibrinous necropurulent bronchitis and bronchopneumonia. In this case, it was difficult to diagnose the bronchiectasis only with radiography due to the concurrent lesions, such as pulmonary infiltrations and mucous plugs, which was identified by computed tomography. Thus, computed tomography is considered as a useful modality to confirm tile bronchiectasis camouflaged by the concurrent lesion.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.274-280
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• 2017

Purpose: To see the gross tumor volume (GTV) dependency according to the phase selection and reconstruction methods, we measured and analyzed the changes of tumor volume and motion at each phase in 20 cases with lung cancer patients who underwent image-guided radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) images in 20 cases of 19 patients who underwent image-guided radiotherapy. The 4D-CT images were reconstructed by the maximum intensity projection (MIP) and the minimum intensity projection (Min-IP) method after sorting phase as 40%-60%, 30%-70%, and 0%-90%. We analyzed the relationship between the range of motion and the change of GTV according to the reconstruction method. Results: The motion ranges of GTVs are statistically significant only for the tumor motion in craniocaudal direction. The discrepancies of GTV volume and motion between MIP and Min-IP increased rapidly as the wider ranges of duty cycles are selected. Conclusion: As narrow as possible duty cycle such as 40%-60% and MIP reconstruction was suitable for lung cancer if the respiration was stable. Selecting the reconstruction methods and duty cycle is important for small size and for large motion range tumors.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.994-1003
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• 2017

Ground-glass opacity nodules(GGNs) in chest CT images are associated with lung cancer, and have a different malignant rate depending on existence of solid component in the nodules. In this paper, we propose a method to classify pure GGNs and part-solid GGNs using multiview images and texture analysis in pulmonary GGNs with solid components of 5mm or smaller. We extracted 1521 features from the GGNs segmented from the chest CT images and classified the GGNs using a SVM classification model with selected features that classify pure GGNs and part-solid GGNs through a feature selection method. Our method showed 85% accuracy using the SVM classifier with the top 10 features selected in the multiview images.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2001

Purpose : To describe the MRI findings in the bronchial anthracofibrosis mimicking lung cancer on CT examination. Materials and methods : Ten patients, who showed CT findings mimicking lung cancer, were selected among fifty patients of bronchial anthracofibrosis proven by bronchoscopic biopsy, consisting of two men and eight women, ranging in age from 58 to 79 years old faverage age, 68 years old). CT scan and MRI were performed in all patients (n=10). Percutaneous lung biopsy on mass was performed in one patient. MRI findings were analyzed with the emphasis on the signal intensity of the mass (n=4), collapsed lung (n=4) and Iymph node (n=10) on axial T1 and T2-weighted images by two radiologists in consensus. No contrast enhancement was used in all cases. Results : CT scan revealed mass (n=4), atelectasis with obstructive pneumonia(n=4) and bronchial wall thickening(n=2). All patients showed enlarged medistinal Iymph nodes(n=10). The mass showed low signal intensity on T1WI and T2WI (n =4). The collapsed lung in patients with atelectasis indicated intermediate signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intensity on T2WI (n= 4). Nine patients showed low sisnal intensity of Iymph node on T1WI and T2WI, except one patient who showed central high signal intensity with peripheral rim of low signal intensity in right lower paratracheal llmph node on T2WI. Conclusion : Low signal intensity of a mass, collapsed lung, and lymph nodes on T2WI in anthracofibrosis patients may be helpful in differentiation of the lesion from lung cancer.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.263-272
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• 2002

In this paper, we investigate the potential for retrieval of morphometric data from three dimensional images of conducting bronchus obtained by X-ray Computerized Tomography (CT) and to explore the potential for the use of rapid prototype machine to produce physical hollow bronchus casts for mathematical modeling and experimental verification of particle deposition models. We segment the bronchus of lung by mathematical morphology method from obtained images by CT. The surface data representing volumetric bronchus data in three dimensions are converted to STL(streolithography) file and three dimensional solid model is created by using input STL file and rapid prototype machine. Two physical hollow cast models are created from the CT images of bronchial tree phantom and living human bronchus. We evaluate the usefulness of the rapid prototype model of bronchial tree by comparing diameters of the cross sectional area bronchus segments of the original CT images and the rapid prototyping-derived models imaged by X-ray CT.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2018

We proposed a numerical calculation of the proportion of necrotic cells in pulmonary segmentation, pulmonary vessel segmentation lung disease site for diagnosis of lung disease from chest CT images. The first step is to separate the lungs and bronchi by applying a three-dimensional labeling technique from a chest CT image and a three-dimensional region growing method. The second step is to divide the pulmonary vessels by applying the rate of change using the first order polynomial regression, perform noise reduction, and divide the final pulmonary vessels. The third step is to find a disease prediction factor in a two-step image and calculate the proportion of necrotic cells.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.702-712
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that extracts the airway and lung without loss of information in spite of the pulmonary vessel and nodules of the chest wall in the chest CT images. We use a mask image in order to improve the performance and to save processing time of airway and lung segmentation. In the second step, by converting left and right lungs to binary image using the morphological information, we have removed the solitary pulmonary nodule to identify the value of the threshold lung and the chest wall. The last step is to connect the outer shell of the lung with cubic Spline interpolation by adding the perfect pixel and computing the distance of the removed part. Experimental results using Matlab verified that the proposed method could overcome the drawbacks of the conventional methods.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.223-226
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• 2019

A 7-year-old, spayed female Chihuahua with dyspnea, intermittent cyanosis, and dermal plaques was diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism. Thoracic radiographs showed markedly hyperdense alveoli in multiple lung lobes. Computed tomography (CT) images showed lung mineralization confined to the lung parenchyma and pituitary macroadenoma. Pulmonary mineralization secondary to hyperadrenocorticism is commonly found on histopathologic examination. However, those lesions are rarely identified radiographically. We describe obvious pulmonary mineralization secondary to hyperadrenocorticism found on radiographs and present the first report regarding CT imaging of the mineralization. Pulmonary mineralization should be considered when a dog affected by hyperadrenocorticism shows diffuse lung mineralization on radiographs.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.171-177
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• 2020

Background: This study aims to determine the effective atomic number (Zeff) from dual-energy image sets obtained using a conventional computed tomography (CT) simulator. The estimated Zeff can be used for deriving the stopping power and material decomposition of CT images, thereby improving dose calculations in radiation therapy. Materials and Methods: An electron-density phantom was scanned using Philips Brilliance CT Big Bore at 80 and 140 kVp. The estimated Zeff values were compared with those obtained using the calibration phantom by applying the Rutherford, Schneider, and Joshi methods. The fitting parameters were optimized using the nonlinear least squares regression algorithm. The fitting curve and mass attenuation data were obtained from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The fitting parameters obtained from stopping power and material decomposition of CT images, were validated by estimating the residual errors between the reference and calculated Zeff values. Next, the calculation accuracy of Zeff was evaluated by comparing the calculated values with the reference Zeff values of insert plugs. The exposure levels of patients under additional CT scanning at 80, 120, and 140 kVp were evaluated by measuring the weighted CT dose index (CTDIw). Results and Discussion: The residual errors of the fitting parameters were lower than 2%. The best and worst Zeff values were obtained using the Schneider and Joshi methods, respectively. The maximum differences between the reference and calculated values were 11.3% (for lung during inhalation), 4.7% (for adipose tissue), and 9.8% (for lung during inhalation) when applying the Rutherford, Schneider, and Joshi methods, respectively. Under dual-energy scanning (80 and 140 kVp), the patient exposure level was approximately twice that in general single-energy scanning (120 kVp). Conclusion: Zeff was calculated from two image sets scanned by conventional single-energy CT simulator. The results obtained using three different methods were compared. The Zeff calculation based on single-energy exhibited appropriate feasibility.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.155-176
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• 2012

In this paper, we present a practical and essential method of using team projects for calculus. We, specifically, take into account the team project that calculate the volume of lung represented on CT scan images. We have demonstrated that the process of analyzing the images in a team project encourage studying numerical methods of integration for calculus. Also, we have used various technological programs(MATLAB, MATHEMATICA, MS Excel) to solve the team project.