• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ludwigia

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Report : Unrecorded alien plant in South Korea : Ludwigia peploides (Kuntze) P.H.Raven (미기록 침입외래종 보고 : Ludwigia peploides (Kuntze) P.H.Raven)

  • Kim, Hye Won;Jang, Chang Seok;Park, Su Hyun;Jo, Hye Ryun;Son, Dong Chan;Chang, Kae Sun
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2018.10a
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    • pp.72-72
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    • 2018
  • 의도적 도입 또는 비의도적 도입에 의해 국내에 확산되고 있는 침입외래식물은 경제적, 환경적인 해를 가할 수 있으며 자생종의 감소나 절멸을 초래하는 등 생물다양성에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 습지나 저수지 및 하안 생육지는 스트레스와 교란에 의해 외래식물 유입과 확산이 용이하므로 국립수목원에서는 이를 관리하기 위한 연구를 지속적으로 수행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수원시 하천변에서 발견한 바늘꽃과에 속하는 Ludwigia peploides (Kuntze) P.H.Raven가 생태계교란종으로 확산 될 우려가 있어 본 종에 대한 기재, 도해, 칼라도판 등을 첨부하여 침입외래식물 관리를 위한 기초자료를 확보하고자 한다.

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Competition - Ecological Classification of the Prominent Paddy Weed Species around Bulrush(Scirpus juncoides) (올챙고랭이(Scirpus juncoides)를 중심으로 한 주요(主要) 논 잡초종(雜草種)의 벼 경합생태적(競合生態的) 분류(分類))

  • Guh, J.O.;Heo, S.M.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.96-102
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    • 1985
  • A study on the competition-ecological classification of the 10 prominent paddy weed species around bulrush (Scirpus juneoides) to simplify the weed problem concept for the rice production. A serial assessments on the competition ability in space and dry matter production(nutrient depletion) of respective weed species and paddy rice, and the data were used to compute the phenotypic similarity by Single Link Clustering method. Both growth response of weed species in mono- and under the paddy rice standing was very similar (r = 0.969), but the reduction rate as affected by paddy rice standing was negatively correlated with the ability in space-competition(r=-0.513). Dendrogram of 10 weed species based on the phenotypic similarity computed in 4 characters in mono- and under the paddy rice standing was also similar, as Echinochloa c., Ludwigia p., Cyperus s., and Scirpus m. in I-group, Eleocharis k., Scirpus j, in II-group, and Juncus e., Potamogeton d. in III-group, respectively. Also, that of paddy rice to 10 weed species showed Fimbristylis m., Scirpus j., Eleocharis k., Scirpus m., Juncus e. in I-group, and Ludwigia p., Potamogeton d., Monochoria v. in II-group, respectively. The integrated dendrogram by the above two data indicate the I-group with Fimbristylis m., Scirpus j., Eleocharis k. and Juncus e., as higher growth response with relatively lower competition ability to paddy rice, II-group with Cyperus s., Echinochloa c., Potamogeton d., and Ludwigia p., as higher both in growth and competition, and the last, III-group with Monochoria v., and Scirpus m., as lower growth but higher competition, respectively.

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Weed Flora of Arable Peat in Selangor, Malaysia - Quantitative and Spatial Pattern Analyses (말레이지아 세랑고지역 부식질토양경지 잡초식생의 정량생태분석)

  • Bakar, Baki Bin;Wong Nyuk Yin, Fenny;Kwon, Yong-Woong
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.382-389
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    • 1997
  • Collated data from the 1995-1996 floristic surveys of weeds of arable peat in Selangor district were analysed to assess composition and dominance and spatial distribution pattern based on quantitative and dispersion indices. Forty eight weed species belonging to 19 families of which 31 were broad leaves, 10 grasses and 7 sedges were sampled and these ware translated as 77.8 and 15% of the total cover, respectively, The respective important values were 71.11 and 18%. Ten species in the onder of dominance were Fimbristylis acuminata, Murdannia nudiflora, Hedyotis corymbosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Asystasia gangetica, Cleome rutidosperma, Cyperus sphacelatus, Lindernia crustacea, Ludwigia hyssopifolia of spatial distribution based on variance-to-mean ratios, Llouds mean crowding or Lloyds patchiness indices. Other species were either random or regular in their spatial distribution. Differences in species-dominance and spatial distribution pattern may be attributed to inherent variations in patchiness and fecundity schedules of each weed species, crops, cropping patterns and agronomic practices prevailing in the area.

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Unrecorded Alien Plant in South Korea: Ludwigia peploides subsp. montevidensis (Spreng.) P.H. Raven (미기록 침입외래종: 꽃여뀌바늘)

  • Kim, Hye-Won;Son, Dong Chan;Park, Soo Hyun;Jang, Chang-Seok;Sun, Eun-Mi;Jo, Hyeryun;Yun, Seok Min;Chang, Kae Sun
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.201-206
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    • 2019
  • Alien invasive species are introduced with or without intent and spreading all over Korea. They are known to have negative effects on biodiversity such as economic and environmental damage and causing decrease or loss of native species. The habitats like wetland, reservoir and riverside are especially in danger of being invaded by alien species due to stress and disturbance. Therefore, Korea National Arboretum is steadily working on research and studies on managing alien invasive species. This research aims to collect basic information of Ludwigia peploides subsp. montevidensis (Spreng.) P.H. Raven which was found near riverside in Suwon-si and is concerned to become an invasive alien species. We expect the description, diagram and pictures of this taxon will be helpful for early detection and effective management.

Comparison of Some Methodologies for Vegetation Analysis in Transplanted Rice (이앙답에서 몇가지 식생분석방법들의 비교)

  • Kim, Soon-Chul;Keith Moody
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.310-318
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    • 1983
  • Four methods of vegetation analysis were compared to determine the most suitable method to use in transplanted rice. The highest number of weed species, 14 was obtained with the list quadrat method while the least number, 8 was obtained with the line intercept method. The clip quadrat method tended to overestimate weed species with a low moisture content such as Sagittaria trifolia L. and Ludwigia prostrata Roxb while for the list quadrat method, weed species with a high moisture content such as Sagittaria pygmaea Miq. and Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f) Pres 1 were overestimated. With the line intercept method, weed species having conspicuous leaf blades such as S. trifolia and Potamogeton distinctus Benn. were dominant. Of the methods tested, the line intercept method was the least desirable because it accounted for the least number of weed species. Any of the others could be use for vegetation analysis without any significant problems arising. However, preference was given to the point quadrat method because of the ease of measurement. It was also less tedious and less time consuming than the other methods.

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Weed Emergence as Affected by Burying Depth and Water Management

  • Moon, Byeong-Cheul;Park, Sung-Tae;Kim, Soon-Chul;Kwon, Suk-Ju;Mortimer, Andrew-Martin;Collin Piggin
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 1999
  • The experiment was conducted to investigate emergence response of lowland weeds at different soil moisture contents, burying depths and upon changes in soil moisture. Rice germination was over 50% at all burying depths under aerobic condition, but the emergence rate of the soil surface placed seeds in saturated and flooded conditions decreased by 19% and 29%, respectively, as compared with that of aerobic condition. Rice seeds at burying depth of over 3 cm did not emerge at all. The emergence rate of Echinochloa crus­galli (L.) Beauv. in aerobic condition was lower than 30%, but the emergence pattern of E. crus galli (L.) Beauv. at different soil moisture contents and seeding depths was similar to that of rice. Emergence behavior of lschaemum rugosum Salisb., Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven and Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. which are dominant lowland weed species in the Philippines also differed depending on soil moisture conditions and burying depths. lschaemum rugosum Salisb. emerged at all burying depths under aerobic condition, whereasLudwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven emerged only at 0 cm deep under saturated and aerobic condition and Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. at 0 cm deep under flooding condition. Weed seeds planted at 1, 3, and 5 cm deep in continuous flooded and saturated condition did not emerge at all, but upon a change of soil moisture condition from saturated to drainage (S$\rightarrow$D) and flooded to drainage (F$\rightarrow$D), grass weeds began to germinate again and the average emergence rate in S$\rightarrow$D and F$\rightarrow$D were 26% and 5% forE. crus­galIi (L.) Beauv., 9% and 8% forI. rugosum SaIisb., respectively. Weed seeds buried in soil in the pot showed great emergence at S$\rightarrow$D but did not emerge under continuous flooded condition. The diversity index accounting for dominance degree and occurrence aspect of weed, was the lowest at F$\rightarrow$D.

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A Survey of Weeds Occurrence on Paddy Fields in Gyeongbuk Province in Korea (경북지역 논 잡초 발생분포 조사)

  • Kim, Sang Kuk;Kim, Hak Yoon
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.6-12
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    • 2014
  • The survey of weed occurrence was conducted to identify problem weed species in the paddy field. The 320 sites of the 13 regions in Gyeongbuk Province were investigated from June to July, 2013. In the whole region, 51 weed species were identified including 34 annuals and 17 perennials. The highest importance value of annual weed and perennial was dominant 88.4 and 48.7%, in Gumi region, respectively. The most dominant weed species in paddy fields of Gyeongbuk Province were Monochoria vaginalis var. plantaginea (10.80%), followed by Lemna paucicostata (10.74%), Bidens tripartite (8.77%), Echinochloa oryzoides (7.17%), and Scirpus juncoides (6.20%). The similarity of paddy weeds in 13 regions observed through TWINSPAN analysis was distinguished by Ludwigia prostrata, Scirpus juncoides, Lindernia dubia, Polygonum aviculare, and Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis. The weed species, Ludwigia prostrata, was divided into the four regions, Gyeongju, Gumi(direct seeding cultivation), Youngcheon and Euiseong and ten regions, Gumi, Bonghwa, Sanju, Goryung, Youngdeog, Pohang, Sanju, Andong, Yecheon, and Cheongdo.

Rice Bran Application under Deep Flooding can Control Weed and Increase Grain Yield in Organic Rice Culture

  • Yan, Yong-Feng;Fu, Jin-Dong;Lee, Byun-Woo
    • Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 2007
  • Rice bran application just after transplanting has been increasingly practiced as an herbicide-substitute for organic rice production in Korea. However, this practice is frequently reported to be unsatisfactory in weed suppression. An experiment with five treatments that combines flooding depth, rice bran application dose, and herbicide treatment was done in the paddy field to evaluate whether rice bran application under deep flooding can lead to a successful weed control in compensation for the single practice of rice bran application. Rice bran was broadcasted on the flood water surface just after deep flooding of 8 to 10cm that was started at seven days after transplanting. In the shallow flooding plot without herbicide six weed species were recorded: Monochoria vaginalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Ludvigia prostrate, Cyperus amuricus, Aneima keisak, and Bidens tripartite. Among the first four dominant weed species, deep flooding significantly suppressed the occurrence of Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus amuricus while did not suppress the occurrence of Monochoria vaginalis and Ludwigia prostrate. On the contrary, rice bran application under deep flooding suppressed significantly Monochoria vaginalis and Ludwigia prostrate while didn't exert an additional suppression of Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus amuricus compared to deep flooding alone. Rice bran application and deep flooding suppressed complimentarily all the six weed species to a satisfactory extent except for Monochoria vaginalis of which suppression efficacy was 31.9%. Deep flooding reduced the panicle number substantially by inhibiting the tiller production, increased the spikelet number per panicle slightly, and leaded to a lower rice grain yield compared to shallow flooding with herbicide. Rice bran application under deep flooding mitigated the panicle reduction due to deep flooding, increased the spikelets per panicle significantly, and thus produced even higher grain yield in the rice bran application of 2000kg $ha^{-1}$ as compared to the shallow flooding treatment with herbicide. In conclusion, this practice applying rice bran under deep flooding would be promising to be incorporated as an integral practice for an organic rice farming system.

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Weed Occurrence in Lowland Rice Field in Gyeongbuk Province (경북지역 벼재배답에서 발생하는 잡초 분포)

  • Kim, S.J.;Kim, Y.H.;Lee, W.H.;Choi, C.D.;Kim, C.Y.;Choi, B.S.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.262-268
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    • 1997
  • The experiment was carried out to obtain the basic information of weed control in lowland rice field in Gyeongbug province. The results were as follows : In weed distribution on life cycle, annual weed was occupied by 56.5% and perennials were 43.5%, respectively. In morphological distribution of weeds, grass weed was 25.2%, sedges was 12.3% and broad leaf weeds was 62.5%. In particular, weed occurrence of grass weed was much more increased than that of 1971 and 1981 year. Dominant weed species was Echinochloa crusgralli, Sagittaria trifolia, Eleocharis kuroguwai and Monochoria vaginalis in plain land, mid alpine area, and cold salty wind area. Dominant weeds was approximately similar occurrence in normal soil and poorly drained soil Gelds, but sandy soil field was not. Echinochloa crusgalli was dominant in hand transplanting and direct seeding on dry paddy field. Meanwhile, in machine transplanting, Sagittaria trifolia and Ludwigia prostrate were dominant, and occurrence of Echinochloa crusgalli was increased to delaying transplanting. As a result, major dominant weed was Echinochloa crusgalli, Sagittaria trifolia, Ludwigia prostrate, Eleocharis kuroguwai, and Monochoria vaginalis in terms of predominance.

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Alternative Herbicides to Control Herbicide-Resistant and Troublesome Weeds in Paddy Fields (제초제 저항성 및 난방제 잡초 방제를 위한 제초제 선발)

  • Park, Tae-Seon;Lee, In-Yong;Seong, Ki-Yeong;Cho, Hyun-Suk;Kim, Mi-Hyang;Yang, Woon-Ho;Seo, Myung-Chul;Kang, Hang-Won
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.248-253
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    • 2013
  • This study was conducted to select alternative herbicides to control herbicide-resistant and - troublesome weeds in rice fields, Korea. The resistant Echinochloa oryzicola to ACCase inhibitor was tested by herbicides registered to control Echinochloa oryzicola. And the resistant and troublesome weeds to sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides, ALS inhibitors, were tested by widely using herbicides to control the resistant weeds in Korea. The oxadiazon, pyrazolate, pretilachlor and benzobicyclone+thiobencarb effectively controlled resistant Echinochloa oryzicola to ACCase and ALS inhibitors at 0.5 leaf stage of the, Herbicides containing mefenacet or fentrazamide controlled effectively by the 2 leaf stage. In controlling other SU resistant weeds including Sagittaria trifolia and Ludwigia prostrate, benzobicyclon and mesotrione performed well all tested weeds, and carfentrazone and pytazolate were effective to broadleaf weeds. Sagittaria trifolia and Ludwigia prostrate, which were suspected to be resistance to SU herbicides, were well controlled by carfentrazone and pytazolate.