• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.401-413
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 한강 하류부에 위치한 신곡수중보의 수리학적인 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 1차원 수리학적 홍수추적모형을 이용하였으며, 과거 8개 홍수기 및 비홍수기 사상에 대해 모형의 보정과 검증을 실시하였다. 팔당댐에서의 다양한 방류조건과 서해안의 조위조건을 이용하여 흐름특성을 분석하였다. 신곡수중보의 설치로 인한 수위상승 효과는 최대 만조위가 2.4m일 때 잠실수중보 직하류부에서 최고 수위는 약 0.65m, 최저 수위는 약 1.25m 정도 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 조차의 감소는 한강대교에서 최대 만조위가 2.4m일 때 조차가 0.07m로 나타나 약 $90\%$ 의 조차감소율을 나타내었으며, 최대 만조위가 5.5m일 때 조차는 1.6m로 약 $35\%$의 감소율을 나타내었다. 한강대교 지점의 경우 팔당댐 방류량이 20,000cms 이상이 되면 약 0.06m 이하의 조차가 나타나 조석의 영향이 거의 나타나지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제41권8호
• /
• pp.213-222
• /
• 2017

Background: This study was conducted to assess the physicochemical water quality and the altitudinal distribution of low-temperature and mountain epilithic diatom (LTMD) community in Buk and Hangae streams that are located in Seorak Mountain with the height of 1708 m in Korea. And the community characteristics of LTMD found in the Buk and Hangae streams were compared to that of LTMD from the Han River system. Results: The physicochemical water qualities of Buk and Hangae streams were determined to be very clean. As a result of analyzing the community composition, 135 taxa of epilithic diatoms were determined, and 22 taxa appeared including Hannaea arcus var. subarcus which are known to have low-temperature and mountain ecological characteristics in the literatures. The relative frequencies of LTMD were 37.0~0.9% range from the upper to lower regions. Although Diatoma tenuis, Eunotia minor, and Gomphonema affine are known to be ubiquitous in streams and lakes, in this research, the three taxa were added into low-temperature and mountain epilithic diatom, since D. tenuis and E. minor appeared only in altitudes above 600 m, and G. affine had the highest relative frequency during spring and fall in altitudes above 700 m, when water temperature was around $10^{\circ}C$. Conclusions: Among the 24 taxa of low-temperature and mountain epilithic diatom (LTMD) (including the 3 taxa added in this study), 14 taxa (Diatoma hyemalis, D. mesodon, D. tenuis, Hannaea arcus, H. arcus var. subarcus, Ulnaria inaequalis, Eunotia bilunaris, E. implicata, E. minor, E. muscicola, E. silvahercynia, E. septena, Delicata delicatula, and Gomphonema affine) represented the characteristics of LTMD very well; they grow best in water temperatures below $15^{\circ}C$ in Buk and Hangae streams and Han River system.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 1981

This study was performed to investigate the contamination level of heavy metals in freshwater flshes. The samples of 92 cases were collected at 7 areas located on HanRiver from November to December in 1980. Contents of heavy metals: cadmium, lead, copper, chromium and zinc were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were as follows: 1. Generally mean value of the heavy metal contents of fishes collected on lower parts of Han River were higher than those of upper parts. 2. In the cadmium contents, the highest value was $20.52{\pm}5.10$ ppb in Carassius auratus, and the values at Hannam and Noryangjin area were higher than those at other parts on Han River. 3. In the lead contents, the highest was $0.29{\pm}0.03ppm$ in Carassius auratus and that in Parasilurus asotus was the lowest $0.12{\pm}0.02ppm$ Mean contents of lead in the samples of Hannam and Haengjue area were higher than those of other area 4. In the copper contents, the highest value was $3.13{\pm}0.34ppm$ in Carassius auratus and the contents of fishes of Haengjue area was higher than those of any other area. It was significant among the species, but not among the collecting areas in copper contents. 5. In the chromium contents, the highest was $1.16{\pm}0.12ppm$ in Carassius auratus and that in Parasilurus asotus was the lowest $0.21{\pm}0.01ppm$ The contents of samples of Hannam and Noryangjin area were also higher than those of other area. 6. In the zinc contents, that in Arassius auratus was the highest value with $14.06{\pm}1.13ppm$ and that in Parasilurus asotus was the lowest $4.79{\pm}0.53ppm$. On the other hand, it was significant among the species and collecting areas. 7. Accumulation of heavy metals in freshwater fishes is tended to increase with growth.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
• /
• pp.695-700
• /
• 1999

Stream and groundwater qualities of two rural watershes in the upper North Han river basin were monitored for 14months. Six to eight stream sampling sites and two to there groundwater monitoring wells were chosen and water samples were regularyl collected and analyzed with respect to total nitrogen(T-N), total phosphorus(T-P) and total suspended solids(TSS). Monitoring data were graphically analyzed with respect to time.Rainfall amout and intensity seemed to have an impact on stream T-N and T-P concentration changes. TSS concentrations were generally lower than the first class stream water quality standared, Both stream and groundwater qualities near livesstock feetlot areas were degraded indicating the feedlots have an impact on water quality.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.51-62
• /
• 2017

Liao River with the largest basin area in the northeastern part of China has constructed huge floodplain along the lower reach. Especially a vast marsh was developed around estuaries and coastline near Liaodong Bay. The marsh was called as Yotaek(or Liaoze) before the modern time, which is meaningful for understanding human life since prehistorian times. By the analysis of historical documents and geomorphic data, it can be assumed that the height of Yotaek of landward boundary reached 20~30m from Heishan to Liaoyang during Han dynasty. The shoreline of 7,000 yr BP is estimated to coincide with the contour line between 20m and 30m at present. And the ancient shoreline during Christ era indicates 10m.a.s.l., which is corresponding to the seaside boundary of the Yotaek. The shoreline of Liaodong Bay was progressed seaward 30km/ka during 1000~1100 AD, while 10~40km/ka during late 19 century ~ early 20 century.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 1971

In view of ever rising water pollution problems of river in the vicinity of large urban communities, the author has made an investigation on the pollution of water sampled from Han River (Seoul area) and Nakdong River (Daegu city area) during the period from July to December, 1970. The water samples were taken twice a month during the study period of 6 months from 7 points (locations) along the main stream of Han River at Seoul city and 5 points of Nakdong River at Daegu city. The samples ware measured and analyzed in accordance with the recognized methods in the 'Standard Methods for Examination of Water and waste' by American Public Health Association. The obtained results are as follows : I. Han River. 1. Average turbidity was 5.1 units ranging from 1 to 10 units and the turbidity of down stream was higher than that of the upper stream. 2. pH value showed slight alkalinity (mean;7.2) except Yunchang-Dong (6.9). 3. The mean value of Dissolved Oxygen contents (D.O) was 7.2 ppm. (range of 3.4-10.5ppm.). D.O. of the upper stream (8.2 ppm. at Walker Hill boating place, 8.0 ppm. at the Gwangzang Bridge and Ddookdo) was higher than that of he downstream (5.6ppm. at Yumchang-Dong, 6.4 ppm. at the 2nd Han River Bridge), and D.O. in the winter season was higher than that in the summer season, respectively. 4 The mean value of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) was 28.3 ppm. (range of 6.2-64.8 ppm.). The mean value of B.O.D. was 48.7 ppm. at Yumchang-Dong, 42.3 ppm. at the 2nd Han River Bridge, 34.0 ppm. at the 1st nan River Bridge, 28.5 ppm. at the 3rd Han River Bridge, 19.2 ppm. at Dookdo, 13.2 ppm. at the Gwangzang Bridge, and 10.2 ppm. at the Walker Hill boating place in order of value. B.O.D. in July and August (35.6 and 34.5 ppm.) were the highest and that in November and December (18.6 and 21.2 ppm.) were the lowest. 5. Suspended Solids (SS) were from 15.0 to 667.0 ppm. with the mean of 222.1 ppm. 'Suspended Solids' of the water samples at Yumchang-Dong and the 2nd Han River Bridge were found to be 378.1 ppm. and 283.9 ppm. respectively which were higher than at the Gwangzang Bridge (134.1 ppm.) and at Walker Hill boating place (79.3ppm.). 6. Coliform colonies counting of the water samples ranged from $0-2,500{\times}10/100ml$. with the mean value of $205.6{\times}10/100ml$. The most contaminated water sample by coliform were from the point of the 2nd Han River Bridge with $640.8{\times}10/100ml$ while the lowest ones were from Walker Hill boating place with $17.2{\times}10/100ml$. There was also a seasonal variation in coliform contamination that is the higher in summer and the lower in winter. II. Nakdong River 1. The mean value of turbidity was 2.3 units with range of 0 to 9.0 units. The highest point was at Geumho River (7.2 units). and the lowest point was at Gangzung and Moonsan (0.45 and 0.41 units). 2. The mean value of pH was 7.5 (range of 7.1-8.5) and highest point was Geumho River with 8.5. 3. The mean value of D.O. was 8.1 ppm. (range of 3.4-11.2 ppm.). D.O. of the upper stream showed higher value than that of the down stream, and the winter season than the summer season. 4. B.O.D. ranged from 2.6 to 57.0 ppm. (mean; 20.4ppm.). The water sample at Geumho River showed the highest value (41.5 ppm.) while at Moonsan and Gangzung showed the lowest (4.6 and 4.7 ppm.). 5. The mean value of suspended solids was 48.7 ppm. (range of 4.0-182.0 ppm.). The highest month was July (63.7ppm.) and August (62.1 ppm.) and the lowest month was October (37.0 ppm.) and December (24.4 ppm.). 6. The mean value of the coliform colonies was $22.7{\times}10/100ml$. (range of $0-243{\times}10/100ml$.). The highest number of the colonies was found in the sample water at the Whawon recreation area ($50.5{\times}10/100ml$.) followed by the Geumho River ($33.9{\times}10/100ml$.), the Goryung Bridge ($28.3{\times}10/100ml$.), Gangzung($0.7{\times}10/100ml$), and Moonsan ($0.6{\times}10/100ml$.).

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 1997

A river water quality management model was made by Dynamic programming. This model optimizes the wastewater treatment cost of the application area, and computed water quality with it must meet the water quality standard. And this model takes into consideration tributary input, wastewater treatment plant effluent, withdrawls for several purposes. Modified Streeter-Phelps equation was used to calculate BOD and DO. Optimization problem was solved with particular exceedance probability flow, and the water quality of each point was calculated with the decided treatment efficiencies. At that time, the probability satisfying the water quality standard of constraints to the exceedance probability of the flow. The developed model was applied to the lower part of the Han-River. The reliability to meet the water quality standard is 70 % when 4 wastewater treatment plants of Seoul City are operated by activated sludge system at autumn of the year 2001. Treatment cost of this case is 121.288 billion won per year.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.210-222
• /
• 1982

Coliphages isolated from Han-River from September 1980 to August 1981 were classified by morphological and physiological characteristics. Effects of soil metrial on the fate of coliphage in nature were investigated. 1. The correlation coefficient between coliphage and E.coli which was host of coliphages in nature was 0.7173 (p=0.004). 2. Coliphage I isolated from Han-River of which DNA molecular weight was $27{\times}10^6$ daltons was identified as $T_1$ phage and coliphage II of which DNA molecular weight $72{\times}10^6$ daltons was classified as $T_5$ phage. 3. Soil material SW was composed of 63.65% silt and 21.92% clay. Clay was consisted of illite, kaolinite and chlorite evenly. Soil material J was composed of 68.92% silt and 11.67% clay. Clay consisted of smectite only. 4. Coliphage was absorbed to soil material J more than soil material SW, and $T_1$ coliphage was absorbed to soil material more than $T_5$ coliphage was. 5. The phage adsorption efficiency to soil material was enhanced at lower pH : the phage adsorption efficiency at pH 4 was 27 time higher than at pH 7. 6. Divalent $(Ca^{2+})\;and\;trivalention\;(Al^{3+})$ enhanced the phage adsorption efficiency to soil material from 4 to 39 and from 17 to 91 times higher than monovalent $ion(Na^+)$, respectively. 7. The concentration of organic compound was inversely related to the phage adsorption efficiency to soil. 8. Adsorption of phage onto soil material, and elution efficiency of elutants was in the order of D.D.W>tap water>river water>seawater. 9. The higher the concentration of organic compound was, the more were adsorbed phages to soil eluted. 10. Coliphages survived longer in sterile soil suspension than in nonsterile soil material suspension.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.325-336
• /
• 2023

2022년 8월 수도권지역은 집중호우로 홍수피해가 발생하는 반면 전라지역은 가뭄 주의 단계가 발령되었다. 이는 가뭄의 지역적 집중도가 최근 들어 심화되고 있다는 것을 보여준다. 이와 같이 심화되는 지역적 가뭄에 대응하기 위하여 기상학적 가뭄 발생의 지역적 패턴을 분석하는 연구가 많이 수행되고 있지만, 물부족 지역에 대한 공간적 군집 연구사례는 많지 않다. 본 연구에서는 국가물관리기본계획의 2030년 한강 유역 물부족량 전망자료를 바탕으로 공간군집분석 지표인 Local Moran's I, Getis-Ord Gi*를 이용하여 물부족 지역의 공간적 군집 특성을 분석하고 물부족 핫스팟 지역을 파악하였다. 공간적 군집 특성은 p-값 및 모란 산점도를 통해 적정성을 검증하였다. 시기별(S0(1967~1983), S1(1984~2000), S2(2001~2018)) 공간군집 이동패턴을 분석한 결과, 임진강하류(#1023)가 물부족이 심각한 핫스팟 지역으로 나타났고, S0~S1 대비 S2 시기에 임진강하류(#1023) 동쪽에서 서쪽으로 점차 확산되는 물부족 이동패턴이 나타났다. 양양남대천(#1301)은 HL (해당지역은 물부족량이 많고 주변지역은 물부족량이 적은) 지역으로 나타났고, S0~S1 대비 S2 시기에 양양남대천(#1301)으로 물부족이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제37권7호
• /
• pp.541-552
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 설치어도조사법을 적용하여 한강 하류부 잠실수중보의 회유성 어류 이동을 위해 설치된 계단식 어도에 대해 어류소상기능을 조사하고 피 개선방안을 제시하였다. 조사기간 동안에 어도 출구에서 채집된 어도이용 소상어류는 체장이 29cm 이상인 강준치가 361개체로서 대부분을 차지하였으며, 그 강준치에 대한 소상능력은 최대 2.53${\times}$10^{-3}$ 개체/hr/g으로 나타났다. 잠실수중보의 계단식 어도는 한강에 서식하는 어류의 다양성을 만족시키기 어려운 형태일 뿐만 아니라 어도 출구의 월류격벽 낙차가 너무 크고 과도한 유량이 유입되기 때문에 유영력이 약한 어류가 이용할 수 없다. 따라서 이 어도는 유영력이 큰 강준치와 누치 이외의 다른 어류에 대해서는 소상기능을 발휘하지 못하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 어도의 기능을 향상시키기 위해서는 다양한 어류가 이용할 수 있는 형식으로 어도 구조를 변경하고, 어도 시설의 기능을 고려하여 가동보를 운영하여야 한다. 또한 고정보 전체의 상시 월류로 인해서 생기는 어도의 설치효과 저하에 대해서는 저수로 양안 측에 어도를 추가 설치할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다.