• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 신호처리소사이어티 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose a background segmentation method in low resolution color image. A segmentation algorithm is based on color and edge information. In edge image, adaptive and local thresholds are applied to suppress paint boundaries. Through our experiments, the proposed algorithm efficiently segments background from objects.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.253-260
• /
• 1994

Low power-low flow 유도결합 플라즈마 원자방출 분광법(ICP-AES)에서 분석적 특성에 대해 연구하였다. Low power ICP에서는 moderate power ICP보다 알짜세기는 감소하지만 바탕세기도 감소하여 알짜세기에 대한 바탕세기의 비는 오히려 증가하였다. Low power ICP에서도 작동조건에 따라 moderate power와 비슷한 검출한계를 얻을 수 있으며, 검량곡선도 $10^4{\sim}10^5$ 정도의 직선성을 가질 수 있었다. 알칼리 금속에 의한 이온화 방해영향은 시료운반기체의 사용량을 증가시킬수록 증가하지만, RF power의 변화에 대해서는 큰 차이가 없었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.1946-1963
• /
• 2014

Most background subtraction methods focus on dynamic and complex scenes without considering robustness against noise. This paper proposes a background subtraction algorithm based on dictionary learning and sparse coding for handling low light conditions. The proposed method formulates background modeling as the linear and sparse combination of atoms in the dictionary. The background subtraction is considered as the difference between sparse representations of the current frame and the background model. Assuming that the projection of the noise over the dictionary is irregular and random guarantees the adaptability of the approach in large noisy scenes. Experimental results divided in simulated large noise and realistic low light conditions show the promising robustness of the proposed approach compared with other competing methods.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2015

Assuming that not all background music in advertising function as effective retrieval cues for the advertised messages, this study proposes that we should be able to distinguish the retrieval cue effect of music from the simple ad exposure effect. This study tries to identify which specific characteristics of music are related to the retrieval cue effect. Our experiment focuses on congruency and familiarity of music as key characteristics of music which affect the effectiveness of the music's role as a retrieval cue for the advertised messages. We used four groups of subjects to test the retrieval cue effect of the background music. Each group was exposed to one of the four different types of background music and was again sub-divided into an experimental and a control group (i.e., a total of eight independent sub-groups were included in the experiment.) The first two sub-groups were exposed to the experimental advertisement with the background music of high congruency and high familiarity. After the ad exposure, the background music was provided as a retrieval cue to only one of the two sub-groups. Comparison of the memory performance between the two sub-groups will reveal the net retrieval cue effect of the music of high congruency and high familiarity. Similarly, another two sub-groups watched the same ad but with the background music of high congruency and low familiarity. Also the same ad but with the music of low congruency/ high familiarity was shown to another two sub-groups and that of low congruency and low familiarity music was to another two. Among the two sub-groups with the same music, only one group had the music cue at the memory tasks. One hundred and seventy four undergraduate students at the college of one of authors in Asia participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 18 to 24 with a median of 20. The sample was composed of 51.7 percent male subjects. They were randomly assigned to each of the eight sub-group. The results show that the music highly congruent with the advertised message facilitates the message retrieval, while the low congruency music cue does not. It was also found that the low familiarity music cue improves memory performance only when the music is perceived as congruent with the advertised message. From a theoretical and practical perspective, this study provides boundary conditions for effective retrieval and suggests that the congruent music specifically created for the ad is a more effective retrieval cue than other types of music cues.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제54권6호
• /
• pp.468-474
• /
• 2016

Korean government enacted the 1st Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Population Ageing in 2005 due to the long-lasting ultra-low birth rate. Based on the Act, Korean government set up a step-by-step strategic goal and establish a basic plan, every five years, to achieve the sustainable development of society corresponding to low fertility and aging society. Over the past decade, the 1st Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Population Ageing (2006-2010) and the 2nd Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Population Ageing (2011-2015) was executed. This year, based on the achievements and limitations of the 1st and 2nd Basic Plan, the 3rd Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Population Ageing begins. In this manuscript, I discuss the background of the 3rd Basic Plan and its significance in oral health area.

• 스마트미디어저널
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 야간 영상 감시(night-time video surveillance)에 특화된 GMM(Gausssian mixture model)기반의 배경 모델링(background modeling)을 이용한 배경 차분(background subtraction)방법을 제안한다. 야간 영상에서는 낮 영상에 비해 배경과 객체의 구분이 뚜렷하지 않아 매우 흡사한 픽셀 값들을 이용하여 배경을 분리해야 한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 전처리 단계에서 조정된 범위의 히스토그램 스트레칭을 이용하여 입력 픽셀 값을 배경 모델링에 이로운 픽셀 값으로 변경해준다. 조정된 픽셀 값을 이용하여 가장 이상적인 배경을 찾기 위해 픽셀 단위로 GMM기반의 배경 모델링 방법을 적용한다. GMM을 기반으로 한 배경모델링 방법에서는 새로운 픽셀 값이 입력되었을 때 어떤 가우시안에도 속하지 않는다면 가장 낮은 가중치를 가진 가우시안 분포를 제거함으로써 이전의 축적된 배경의 정보를 무시하는 결과를 낳게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 낮은 가중치의 가우시안을 제거하는 대신 기존 가우시안의 평균과 입력된 픽셀 값의 차를 이용하여 새로운 평균에 적용함으로써 기존의 쌓여진 정보를 고려한다. 실험결과 제안된 배경 모델링 방법이 기존 방법의 이점을 유지하면서 야간 영상 감지에 특화된 배경 차분 결과를 보였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제18권7호
• /
• pp.706-710
• /
• 1997

Isotope ratios of K, Ca, Cr and Fe are measured at cool plasma condition generated using high carrier flow rate and relatively low RF power of 900 W. Background molecular ions are suppressed to below 100 counts which give isobaric interference to the analytes. The background ions show different attenuation characteristics at increased carrier flow rate and hence for each element different carrier flow rate should be used to measure isotope ratios without isobaric interference. Isotope ratios are measured at both scan and peak-hopping modes and compared with certified or accepted ratios. The measured isotope ratios show some mass discrimination against low mass due to low ion energy induced from a copper shield to eliminate capacitive coupling of plasma with load coil.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.103-118
• /
• 2012

Although music is one of the most important attributes of broadcasting communications, few studies have examined the relationship between background music and the behavior of audiences, particularly in the context of TV home shopping programs, where purchase decisions are made while watching the show. The objective of this study is to examine whether certain characteristics of music in broadcasting communications can affect the audiences' purchase intentions or behaviors. Unlike previous studies on this issue, this study considers the impulse-inducing capability (IIC) of music as an important variable affecting consumers' purchase intension. A 2×3 (high/low involvement and high/low/no IIC music) between subjects design was used for the experiments in the study. The TV home shopping programs in the high or low involvement condition were identical except for the type of background music: high IIC music, low IIC music, and no music. A total of 188 undergraduate students at a college in Seoul, South Korea participated in the study. Their ages range from 20 to 25 (median age = 22), and nearly 60% were male. Our analysis showed that in the low involvement condition, high IIC music was more likely to have a positive effect on purchase intentions than low IIC (common) music or no music did. Meanwhile, there was not any significant relationship between music and purchase intentions in the high involvement condition. Given that previous studies have provided no clear evidence of the effects of music on consumers' purchase intentions or behaviors, this study makes an important contribution to the literature in this field. The result of this study provides implications to the practitioners in the market, too. Marketers need to reevaluate the value of music used in broadcasting communications and pay more attention to find the right music for their campaigns. Limitations of this study as well as directions for future studies are also discussed.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.308-311
• /
• 2005

[ $^{222}Rn\;and\;^{226}Ra$ ] in groundwater were determined simultaneously using a gamma-spectroscopy. A nitrogen flushing equipment has been used for elimination and stabilization of high and unstable background activity due to the radon and its progenies in counting shield and room. The aim of present work was to control the background activity for simultaneous measurement of radium$(^{226}Ra)$ and radon$(^{222}Rn)$ in groundwater using a gamma-spectrometry. Background activity was about 1.0dps and the standard deviation was about 50%, The background activity could be minimized using nitrogen flushing equipment in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 and the RSD was about 5% at the experimental condition. The detection limit of $^{222}Rn\;and\;^{226}Ra$ in groundwater was 0.5dps/L in the background control method. In most groundwater used in the work, radon activity was more than the detection limit. However, radium activity in some groundwater was less than the detection limit. If the low level radium in groundwater must be measured, preconcentration process such as concentration should be performed before measuring the groundwater.

• 영어어문교육
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2010

This study examined the effects of previewing and providing background knowledge on low level EFL readers' comprehension of expository texts and their responses to these treatments. 130 college freshmen were randomly placed into one of three treatment groups and read two expository texts reflecting unfamiliar cultural information. Prior to reading, one group was given previewing instruction, which included vocabulary preteaching and summaries, and a second group was provided with culture-specific background knowledge through watching videos and slides. The third group read each text without any prereading instruction. Immediately after reading a passage, subjects answered a 10-item multiple-choice test. Results showed significant positive effects of the previewing treatment and weak positive effects of the providing background knowledge treatment. Students' responses on the questionnaires revealed that the majority felt that the experimental treatments contributed to comprehension enhancement, made reading more enjoyable, and expedited their reading process. Students in the control group, however, indicated that they needed explicit prereading instruction in order to understand the texts. Pedagogical implications of the findings for EFL reading instruction are provided.