• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to derive the environmental factors affecting child loss through correlation analysis between child loss and pedestrian density. The status of lost children was identified through the lost child records and interviews in large parks. In addition, the behavior survey was conducted by photographing the entire outdoor of each park, and visitors was marked on the behavioral maps. Also, the pedestrian density was analyzed by GIS as 100㎡ and 1㎡ grid. As a result, child loss was related to the pedestrian density rather than the number of visitors or the area. Especially, 'Dynamic pedestrian density' and 'Ratio of pedestrian in high density to area' was related to child loss. In other words, the more dynamic behaviors such as play and movement appear, and the more the local area of high density, the higher the probability of child loss. In addition, environmental factors that induce such high density include bottlenecks, overlap of circulation due to multi-functionality of space, concentration of rides, and concentration of guardians due to visual obstacles.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1845-1850
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• 2015

Background: Cancer is recently one of the major concerns of the public health both in the world and Iran. To inform priorities for cancer control, this study estimated years of potential life lost (YPLL) and productivity losses due to cancer-related premature mortality in Iran in 2012. Materials and Methods: The number of cancer deaths by sex for all cancers and the ten leading causes of cancer deaths in Iran in 2012 were obtained from the GLOBOCAN database. The life expectancy method and the human capital approach were used to estimate the YPLL and the value of productivity lost due to cancer-related premature mortality. Results: There were 53,350 cancer-related deaths in Iran. We estimated that these cancer deaths resulted in 1,112,680 YPLL in total, 563,332 (50.6%) in males and 549,348 (49.4%) in females. The top 10 ranked cancers accounted for 75% of total death and 70% of total YPLL in the males and 69% for both death and YPLL in the females. The largest contributors for YPLL in the two genders were stomach and breast cancers, respectively. The total cost of lost productivity due to cancer-related premature mortality discounted at 3% rate in Iran, was US$ 1.93 billion. The most costly cancer for the males was stomach, while for the females it was breast cancer. The percentage of the total costs that were attributable to the top 10 cancers was 67% in the males and 71% in the females. Conclusions: The YPLL and productivity losses due to cancer-related premature mortality are substantial in Iran. Setting resource allocation priorities to cancers that occur in younger working-age individuals (such as brain and central nervous system) and/or cancers with high incidence and mortality rates (such as stomach and breast) could potentially decrease the productivity losses and the YPLL to a great extent in Iran.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.76-85
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• 1999

프랙탈 부호화 방식에서의 블록 손실 효과는 DCT 기반 블록 부호화 방식에서와는 달리 손실 블록의 참조에 의한 에러 전파 효과 때문에 보다 심각한 화질 저하를 초래한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 Jacquin 방법에 의해 프랙탈 부호화된 영상을 ATM 망과 같은 손실망을 통해 전송할 경우 발생할 수 있는 블록 손실을 복구하는 방법을 제안한다. Jacquin 의 프랙탈 부호화 체계는 중요도에 따라 머리부호와 본체 부호의 2계층 부호화 체계로 구성된다. 제안된 블록 손실 복구 알고리듬의 핵심 기법은 블록 특성이 손실 블록과 유사한 인접 치역 블록들의 축소 사상 파라미터들을 사용하여 손실 화소들을 추정하는 츠랙탈 외삽이며, 이는 복호화 과정에서 반복적으로 손실 블록들에 적용된다. 실험을 통하여, 제안된 복구 알고리듬이 주관적 화질 뿐만 아니라 PSNR 에서도 우수한 성능을 갖고 있음을 보인다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.30-45
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• 2001

In recent years, clinicians' and dentists' esthetic demands in dentistry have increased rapidly. The ultimate goal in modern restorative dentistry is to achieve "white" and "pink" esthetics in the esthetically important zones. Therefore, modern esthetic dentistry involves not only the restoration of lost teeth and their associated hard tissues, but increasingly the management and reconstruction of the encasing gingiva with adequate surgical techniques. Interdental space are filled by interdental papilla in the healthy gingiva, preventing plaque deposition and protecting periodontal tissue from infection. This also inhibits impaction of food remnants and whistling through the teeth during speech. These functional aspects are obviously important, but esthetic aspects are important as well. Complete and predictable restoration of lost interdental papillae remains one of the biggest challenges in periodontal reconstructive surgery. One of the most challenging and least predictable problems is the reconstruction of the lost interdental papilla. The interdental papilla, as a structure with minor blood supply, was left more or less untouched by clinicians. Most of the reconstructive techniques to rebuild lost interdental papillae focus on the maxillary anterior region, where esthetic defects appear interproximally as "black triangle". Causes for interdental tissue loss are, for example, commom periodontal diseases, tooth extraction, excessive surgical periodontal treatment, and localized progressive gingiva and periodontal diseases. If an interdental papilla is absent because of a diastema, orthodontic closure is the treatment of choice. "Creeping" papilla formation has been described by closing the interdental space and creating a contact area. In certain cases this formation can also be achieved with appropriate restorative techniques and alteration of the mesial contours of the adjacent teeth. The presence of an interdental papilla depends on the distance between the crest of bone and the interproximal contact point, allowing it to fill interdental spaces with soft tissue by altering the mesial contours of the adjacent teeth and positioning the contact point more apically. The interdental tissue can also be conditioned with the use of provisional crowns prior to the definitive restoration. If all other procedures are contraindicated or fail, prosthetic solutions have to be considered as the last possibility to rebuild lost interdental papillae. Interdental spaces can be filled using pink-colored resin or porcelain, and the use of a removable gingival mask might be the last opportunity to hide severe tissue defects.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a physical therapy-based tailored exercise program on pain, accident incidence rates, the number of work days lost, and economical loss cost for workers in an automobile parts manufacturing company. METHODS: A total of 530 workers with musculoskeletal symptoms were given a physical therapy-based tailored exercise program twice a week, for one hour a day. This exercise program consisted of movement pattern correction, muscle stretching and strengthening, and postural correction exercises, according to principles of movement impairment syndromes and medical training therapy. From 2011 to 2016, the lost days of work, accident incidence rates, and loss cost were examined. The pain measured by VAS (visual analogue scale) and the number of workers participating in the exercise program from 2014 to 2016 were also measured. The single subjects A-B design was applied and analyzed. RESULTS: After applying the exercise program, pain decreased and the number of workers participating in the program increased. Accident incidence rates, number of work days lost, and economical loss cost decreased. There was a significant correlation between the number of workers who received exercise therapy by year and accident incidence rates, lost days of work, and economical loss cost (p<.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to expand the physical therapy-based tailored exercise program to prevent musculoskeletal disorders because it has a positive effect on both workers and employers.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권6C호
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• pp.465-474
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• 2005

본 논문은 잡음이 존재하는 전송 선로를 통해 전송된 영상의 손실 블록에 대해 방향성 복구 방법을 제안한다. 손실된 DCT 계수나 화소값들은 손실된 블록 주위의 마주보는 블록 간 DC값 차이(DDC:Difference of DC)와 AC계수의 유사성(SAC: Similarity of AC)으로 구성된 방향성 척도에 의해 적응적으로 선택되어진 이웃 블록들을 이용해서 선형 보간법으로 복구된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방향성 복구 방법은 고정된 이웃 블록을 이용하지 않고 국부 영상 내의 방향성 정보에 따라 적응적으로 변하는 이웃 블록들이 사용하기 때문에 강한 에지 성분이나 텍스쳐 영역에 대해서 효과적이다. 본 논문에서는 DDC와 SAC로 구성된 새로운 방향성 척도(CDS: Combination of DDC and SAC)를 구하고 그 방향성 척도를 통해 국부 영역의 특성에 따라 손실된 블록을 복구하기 위한 블록들을 선택한다. 모의실험에서 제안 방법은 기존의 방법보다 평균적으로 약 0.6dB의 PSNR 개선을 보였다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2018

본 논문은 딥 러닝(Deep-Learning) 기반의 계층형 이미지 분류 체계와 가중치 기반의 랭킹 시스템을 이용한 사용자 편의 중심의 유실물 등록 및 조회 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 딥 러닝을 통해 이미지를 자동으로 분류하는 계층형 이미지 분류 시스템과 조회 과정의 편의를 위해 시스템상의 등록된 유실물 정보를 고려해 가중치 순으로 정렬하는 랭킹 시스템 모듈로 구성된다. 등록 과정에서 한 장의 사진만으로 카테고리 분류와 브랜드, 연관 태그 등 여러 정보가 자동으로 인식되어 사용자의 번거로움을 최소화하였다. 그리고 랭킹 시스템을 통해 사용자들이 자주 찾는 유실물을 상위에 노출함으로써 유실물 검색의 효율성을 높였다. 실험 결과, 제안된 시스템은 사용자가 쉽고 편리하게 시스템을 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1098-1103
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• 2014

Smartphone is very much ingrained into our lives and it has propagated rapidly. With the growing expansion of smartphone, the number of lost smartphones has proliferated all the while. Unlike common personal belongings, smartphone is a high-priced goods and has personal information. In case it gets lost or stolen, it will cause monetary damage as well as secondary damage of personal information leaks. To lesson the damage, diverse applications that prevent the loss of a smartphone have been developed. But existing applications place emphasis on providing countermeasures that tracks the missing smartphones. Therefore, this paper describes the design and implementation of a smartphone application which provides precautionary functions to prevent the loss of a smartphone and countermeasures to track the missing smartphone. The implemented application prevents the loss of a smartphone using satefy zone and movement detection. In the event we lose a smartphone, it helps us recover a lost property using location tracking and remote control functions quickly and efficiently.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2008

최근 미국발 서브프라임 문제로 세계 각국의 경제가 공황이라고 불릴 정도로 악화되어가고 있다. 특히, 한국은 몇 년 전부터 일본의 "잃어버린 10년"과 빗대어 이야기 되어졌다. 본고에서는 일본의 경우 어떤 원인과 당시의 상황을 알아보고 한국의 경우 어떤 차이와 유사점이 있는지를 살펴본 후, 일본의 사례를 통해 한국이 취할 교훈을 알아보려고 하였다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.81-91
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• 1994

This paper is to build an economic production quantity model for situations, in which, during the stockout period, a fraction .betha.(backorder ratio) of the demand is backordered and remaining fraction (1-.betha.) is lost. This paper develops an objective function representing the average annual cost of a production system by defining a time-weighted backorder cost and a lost sales penalty cost per unit lost under the assumptions of deterministic demand rate and deterministic production rate, and provides an algorithm for its optimal solution. At the extreme .betha.= 1, the presented model reduces to the Fabrycky's model with complete backorders.