• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제58권7호
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• pp.27.1-27.8
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• 2016

Background: Studies on prevalence of pale, soft, exudative (PSE) condition in Sri Lankan poultry industry is minimal. Hence, the objective of present study was to determine the incidence of PSE chicken meat in a commercial meat processing plant and to find out its consequences on meat quality traits of roasted chicken breast. Method: A total of 60 breast fillets were randomly selected, evaluated based on color L* value, and placed into 1 of 2 categories; PSE (L* > 58) or normal meat ($L*{\leq}58$). A total of 20 breast fillets (10 PSE and 10 normal) were then analyzed for color, pH, and water holding capacity (WHC). After processing those into roasted chicken breast, cooking loss, color, pH, WHC, and texture values were evaluated. A sensory evaluation was conducted using 30 untrained panelists. Results: The incidence of PSE meat was 70 % in the present experiment. PSE fillets were significantly lighter and had lower pH values compared with normal fillets. Correlation between the lightness and pH was negative (P < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in color, texture, and WHC values between the 2 groups after processing into roasted chicken breast (P > 0.05), an approximately 3 % higher cooking loss was observed in PSE group compared to its counterpart (P < 0.05). Moreover, cooking loss and lightness values showed a significant positive correlation. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in sensory parameters between the 2 products (P > 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicated that an economical loss can be expected due to the significantly higher cooking loss observed in roasted breast processed from PSE meat.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2021

Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has been operating an integral effects test facility, the Advanced Thermal-Hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation (ATLAS), according to APR1400 for transient experimental and design basis accident simulation. Moreover, based on the experimental data, the domestic standard problem (DSP) program has been conducted in Korea to validate system codes. Recently, through DSP-05, the performance of the passive auxiliary feedwater system (PAFS) in the event of multiple steam generator tube rupture (MSGTR) has been analyzed. However, some errors exist in the reference input model distributed for DSP-05. Furthermore, the calculation results of the heat loss correlation for the secondary system presented in the technical report of the reference indicate that a large difference is present in heat loss from the target value. Thus, in this study, the reference model is corrected using the geometric information from the design report and drawings of ATLAS. Additionally, a new heat loss correlation is suggested by fitting the results of the heat loss tests. Herein, MSGTR-PAFS accident analysis is performed using MARS-KS 1.5 with the improved model. The steady-state calculation results do not significantly differ from the experimental values, and the overall physical behavior of the transient state is properly predicted. Particularly, the predicted operating time of PAFS is similar to the experimental results obtained by the modified model. Furthermore, the operating time of PAFS varies according to the heat loss of the secondary system, and the sensitivity analysis results for the heat loss of the secondary system are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1986

Plywood used for construction as a decorative inner material is inflammable and can fire accident, causing destruction of human life and property. In this study, 3.5mm Kapur plywoods were soaked in the 23% monoammonium phosphate solutions by cold soaking method 3, 6, 9hrs and hot-cold bath method for 3/3hrs, and redrying was carried out by press-drying at the platen temperature of 110, 130, 160, 180$^{\circ}C$, and then fire test was carried out to investigate burning point, flame exhausted length, frame spread length, back side carbonized area and weight loss. The results are as follows; 1. In cold soaking method for 3, 6, 9hrs. retentions of monoammonium phosphate were 0.377, 0.448, 0.498kg/(30cm)$^3$ respectively, and in hot-cold bath method for 3/3hrs, the retention was 1.331kg(30cm)$^3$ that exceeded the minimum retention 1.124kg/(30cm)$^3$. 2. Correlation coefficients among the variable were shown in table 2. From the table, it could be recognized that there were close negative correlations between the treatment and burning point, flame spread length, back side carbonized area, flame exhausted time and weight loss, and there was negative correlation between treating time and back side carbonized area, but there was positive correlation between platen temperature and burning point. 3. From table 3, it can be observed that there were highly significant differences for burning point, flame spread length, flame exhausted time, back side carhonized area, weight loss between treatments. And in 2-way interactions, there were also highly significant for burning point, flame spread length, flame exhausted time, weight loss between time x treatment. 4. It was observed that burning point, flame exhausted time, flame spread length, back side carbonized area, and weight loss in fire-retardant treated plywood were the best effects in fire-retardant treated plywood, water treated plywood and nontreated plywood. In conclusion, I can estimate that absorbed chemical contents by hot-cold bath method for 3/3hrs, have a lot of effects on fire-retardant factors such as burning point, flame spread length, flame exhausted time, backside carbonized area and weight loss, but platen temperatures have a little effects on the fire factors.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.429-450
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• 2016

An attempt has been made to incorporate the concept of collapse safety margin into the procedures proposed in the performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) framework for direct earthquake loss estimation, in which the collapse probability curve obtained from incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is mathematically characterized with the S-type fitting model. The regressive collapse probability curve is then used to identify non-collapse cases and collapse cases. With the assumed lognormal probability distribution for non-collapse damage indexes, the expected direct earthquake loss ratio is calculated from the weighted average over several damage states for non-collapse cases. Collapse safety margin is shown to be strongly related with sustained damage endurance of structures. Such endurance exhibits a strong link with expected direct earthquake loss. The results from the case study on three concrete frames indicate that increase in cross section cannot always achieve a more desirable output of collapse safety margin and less direct earthquake loss. It is a more effective way to acquire wider collapse safety margin and less direct earthquake loss through proper enhancement of reinforcement in structural components. Interestingly, total expected direct earthquake loss ratio seems to be insensitive a change in cross section. It has demonstrated a consistent correlation with collapse safety margin. The results also indicates that, if direct economic loss is seriously concerned, it is of much significance to reduce the probability of occurrence of moderate and even severe damage, as well as the probability of structural collapse.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1159-1175
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• 2015

In this study, the effect of temperature variation on the wireless impedance monitoring is analyzed for the tendon-anchorage connection of the prestressed concrete girder. Firstly, three impedance features, which are peak frequency, root mean square deviation (RMSD) index, and correlation coefficient (CC) index, are selected to estimate the effects of temperature variation and prestress-loss on impedance signatures. Secondly, wireless impedance tests are performed on the tendon-anchorage connection for which a series of temperature variation and prestress-loss events are simulated. Thirdly, the effect of temperature variation on impedance signatures measured from the tendon-anchorage connection is estimated by the three impedance features. Finally, the effect of prestress-loss on impedance signatures is also estimated by the three impedance features. The relative effects of temperature variation and prestress-loss are comparatively examined.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1225-1227
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• 2005

A Bi-2223 tape has beer developed for power applications such as a fault current limiter, a power cable and a superconducting magnetic energy storage system. In such applications, the Bi-2223 tape carries time varying transport current and in addition experiences time varying external magnetic field. It is well known that the external magnetic field not only causes magnetization loss in the Bi-2223 tape, but also drastically increases transport loss due to a so-called "dynamic resistance". We developed an evaluation setup, which can measure transport loss in external at magnetic fields. Using this equipment, we measured the dynamic resistances for various amplitudes and frequencies of an external ac magnetic field perpendicular to the face in the tape. Simultaneously we investigated the effect of an external ac field on transport loss with different experimental conditions. This paper describes test results and discussions on correlation between the dynamic resistance and the transport loss for the Bi-2223 tape.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2024

We investigate the effect of photon loss on pair production in a hybrid atom-light system. The loss of light field not only affects the generation of photons, but also prevents the generation of atomic collective excitation, although the atoms are not influenced directly. We propose an unbalanced homodyne detection of the number of atomic collective excitation that overcomes the challenge caused by counting uncertainty in practical measurement. In discussion, we show that the intermode correlations and the number correlation is closely related to the initial input state, while the quadrature correlations are independent of the initial state and always exhibit opposite intermode correlations even in the presence of loss.

• 음성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation of auditory development and language development of children with hearing impairment Eighteen subjects with severe or profound hearing loss participated in this study. They were 22-to 55-month-olds who had hearing parents with no additional disabling conditions. The test material was the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS) and MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory-Korea (MCDI-K). A Pearson Correlation Coefficient was determined through a statistical analysis. The results followed as; firstly there was a strong correlation between auditory development and receptive language development. Secondly, there was a strong correlation between receptive language development and expressive language development. Finally, there was a strong correlation between auditory development and education onset time. Therefore, auditory training is important method for auditory rehabilitation and education onset time is important variation for auditory development.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.919-926
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• 2002

Down scaled combustor undergoes increased heat loss that results in incomplete combustion or quenching of the flame as a consequence. Therefore, effect of enhanced heat loss should be understood to design a MEMS scale combustion devices. Existing combustion models are inadequate for micro combustors because they were developed for analysis of regular scale combustor where heat loss can be ignored during the flame propagation. In this research a combustion model is proposed in order to estimate the heat loss and predict quenching limit of flame in a down scaled combustor. Heat loss in the burned region is expressed in a convective form as a product of wall surface area, heat transfer coefficient and temperature difference. Comparison to the measurements showed satisfactory agreement of the pressure and temperature drop. Quenching is accounted for by introducing a correlation of quenching parameter and heat loss. The present model predicted burnt fraction of gases with reasonable accuracy and proved to be applicable in thermal design of a micro combustor.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.473-477
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• 2005

A Bi-2223 tape has been developed for power applications such as a fault current limiter, a power cable and a superconducting magnetic energy storage system. In such applications, the Bi-2223 tape carries time varying transport current and in addition experiences time varying external magnetic field. It is well known that the external magnetic field not only causes magnetization loss in the Bi-2223 tape, but also drastically increases transport loss due to a so-called 'dynamic resistance' We developed an evaluation setup, which can measure transport loss in external at magnetic fields. Using this equipment, we measured the dynamic resistances for various amplitudes and frequencies of an external at magnetic field perpendicular to the face in the tape. Simultaneously we investigated the effect of an external ac field on transport loss with different experimental conditions. This paper describes test results ana discussions on correlation between the dynamic resistance and the transport loss for the Bi-2223 tape.