• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4459-4466
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• 2011

본 연구는 세로발활 높이와 트레드밀 경사도 차이에 따른 하지의 근활성도를 비교하여 효율적인 보행 운동에 관련 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 하지에 정형외과적 및 관절가동범위에 제한이 없는 학생 17명을 대상으로 세로발활 높이를 정상발과 편평발로 나누어 경사도 $0^{\circ}$, 오르막 $5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, 내리막 $5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$에서 넙다리 곧은근, 넙다리 두갈래근, 앞정강이근, 장딴지근 가쪽과 안쪽 5개 근육의 근활성도를 측정하였다. 경사도 비교 결과 통계학적으로 유의하였고(p<.05), $0^{\circ}$과 내림 $15^{\circ}$에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 경사도와 세로발활높이 차이에 대한 상호작용 효과는 없었다. 근활성도 비교결과 통계학적으로 유의하였고, 근육과 세로발활 높이 차이에 대한 상호작용 효과가 있었다(p<.05). 개체 내 대비검정 결과 넙다리 곧은근과 장딴지근 안쪽근, 넙다리 두갈래근과 장딴지근 안쪽근에서 유의한 차이가 있었고, 장딴지근 가쪽과 안쪽근에서 상호작용 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 세로발활 높이 차이 간에는 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다(p>.05). 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때 정상발과 편평발은 하지 근활성도에서 차이를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 앞으로는 본 연구의 제한점을 보완하여 좀 더 많은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2013

터널시공 중 발생한 변위를 설계단계에서 설정한 계측관리 기준변위와 비교하여 터널의 안정성을 평가할 때에는 터널막장 후방뿐만 아니라 전방에서 발생하는 변위를 포함한 총변위를 이용하여야 한다. 터널 시공 중 발생하는 총변위를 알기 위하여 터널막장에서 전방을 향해 수평경사계를 설치하여 지중침하를 계측하였고 터널 막장 후방에서는 천단침하계를 이용하여 터널의 천단침하를 계측하였다. 이를 통하여 터널시공 중 발생하는 총천단침하를 계측할 수 있었고 터널막장 전후방 종단선상의 침하곡선 특성도 분석하였다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2009

The foot type is classified into normal, high or low arch according to either foot print or medial longitudinal arch (MLA) height. Plantar fasciitis, heel pain, Achilles tendinitis, stress fracture, metatarsalgia, knee pain, shin splint pain, and etc are common foot disorders and associate to the foot type. The purpose of this study was to evaluate several suggested bony inclination used to classified the abnormal foot and if the arch index (AI) was correlated with foot morphology. Lateral view and dorso-plantar view of radiographic images and flatbed scanner measurements obtained from 57 college students were analyzed. Results showed that AI measured in this study was higher than Caucasian Americans and European, but similar with African. The ethnic origin could influent the AI distribution. The AI provided a simple quantitative means of assessing the structure of lateral and medial longitudinal arches. The correlation coefficients of true bone height with AI could be further improved by normalized foot width rather than foot length. AI also demonstrated as a good indicator of inclination between calcaneus-fifth metatarsal (CalM5) and calcaneus-first metatarsal (CalX), it is a good means to classify the foot type.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2017

Background: Short foot exercise (SFex) is often prescribed and performed in the sport and rehabilitation fields to strengthen intrinsic foot muscles. However, SFex is difficult to perform because of lack of feedback methods. Objects: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of SFex with and without electromyography (EMG) biofeedback on the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of healthy individuals who maintained a static standing position. Methods: All participants (14 males and 12 females) were randomly divided into two groups (biofeedback and non-biofeedback groups). The EMG activity of the abductor hallucis (AbdH) and tibialis anterior (TA) and the MLA angle on the dominant leg side were measured with the participant in the standing position in the pre- and post-intervention conditions. The intervention session consisted of 15 minutes of SFex with (biofeedback group) or without (non-biofeedback group) EMG biofeedback. The groups were compared using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The post-intervention activities of the AbdH muscle (p<.05) and the AbdH/TA ratio (p<.05) were significantly greater in the biofeedback group than in the non-biofeedback group. The activity of the TA (p<.05) and the MLA angle (p<.05) in the biofeedback group were significantly lower in the post-intervention condition than in the pre-intervention condition. Conclusion: The present findings demonstrate that the combination of SFex and EMG biofeedback can effectively facilitate the muscle activity of the AbdH and strengthen the medial longitudinal arch.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
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• pp.629-634
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• 2000

In this study, 9 reinforced concrete(RC) continuous beams were tested to investigate the arch action. By measuring longitudinal steel strains during the whole loading stages up to failure, the development of arch action is evaluated. Variables included are span length, longitudinal steel ratio and the presence of stirrups. As a result, it was known that measured steel tension in the span is substantially higher than the conventionally calculated values, and it was appeared that near the middle of the shear span the measured values exceeded the calculated values by factors of up to 1.4 or more.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2013

The Xiaolan channel super large bridge is unique in style and with greatest span in the world with a total length of 7686.57 m. The main bridge with spans arranged as 100m+220m+100m is a combined structure composed of prestressed concrete V-shape rigid frame and concrete-filled steel tubular flexible arch. First of all, the author compiles APDL command flow program by using the unit birth-death technique and establishes simulation calculation model in the whole construction process. The creep characteristics of concrete are also taken into account. The force ratio of the suspender, arch and beam is discussed. The authors conduct studies on the three-plate webs's rule of shear stress distribution, the box girder's longitudinal bending normal stress on every construction stage, meanwhile the distribution law of longitudinal bending normal stress and transverse bending normal stress of completed bridge's box girder. Results show that, as a new combined bridge, it is featured by: Girder and arch resist forces together; Moment effects of the structure are mainly presented as compressed arch and tensioned girder; The bridge type brings the girder and arch on resisting forces into full play; Great in vertical stiffness and slender in appearance.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.615-628
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• 2000

This report is to study on the progress on which foot arch and planta has been changed according to body type based on 4 tilting of scapular & ilium. This study has been carried out to help contribute to some basic information like these. One was to find out how to assess and analysize the deformity of feet and ankle joint which may have the most impact on ideal alignment of anatomical posture. The other was to figure out how to diagnose and treat the deformity to get to the restoration. The results of this study is as followings; 1. The findings which had been made from 22 persons(50%) having left scapular and ilium forward tilt are as follows. 1) On the longitudinal length of the planta left parts of 18 persons(82%) are longer than the right one. On the transversel length of the planta right parts of 17 persons(77%) are longer than the left one. 2) On the size of medial longitudinal arch the left parts of 20 persons(91%) are more wider than the right one. 3) On the sign of supinated foot, the left parts of 18 persons(82%) are more common than the right one. 4) On the thickness of big toe, the left parts of 14 persons(64%) are thicker than the right one. 2. The findings which had been made from 15 persons(34%) having right scapular and ilium forward tilt are as follows. 1) On the longitudinal length of the planta right parts of 11 persons(73%) are longer than the left one. On the transversel length of the planta left parts of 13 persons(87%) are longer than the right one. 2) On the size of medial longitudinal arch the right parts of 13 persons(87%) are more wider than the left one. 3) On the sign of supinated foot, the right parts of 12 persons(80%) are more common than the left one. 4) On the thickness of big toe, the right parts of 7 persons(47%) are thicker than the left one. 3. The findings which had been made from 3 persons(7%) having left scapular and right ilium forward tilt are as follows. 1) On the longitudinal length of the planta right parts of 2 persons(67%) are longer than the left one. On the transversel length of the planta left parts of 2 persons(67%) are longer than the right one. 2) On the size of medial longitudinal arch the right parts of 3 persons(100%) are more wider than the left one. 3) On the sign of supinated foot, the right parts of 2 persons(67%) are more common than the left one. 4) On the thickness of big toe, the left parts of 2 persons(67%) are thicker than the right one. 4. The findings which had been made from 4 persons(9%) having right scapular and left ilium forward tilt are as follows. 1) On the longitudinal length of the planta left parts of 3 persons(75%) are longer than the right one. On the transversel length of the planta right parts of 2 persons(50%) are longer than the left one. 2) On the size of medial longitudinal arch the left parts of 3 persons(75%) are more wider than the right one. 3) On the sign of supinated foot, the left parts of 3 persons(75%) are more common than the right one. 4) On the thickness of big toe, the left parts of 3 persons(75%) are thicker than the right one.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.277-280
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• 1973

The author observed the changes of dental arch dimensions and compared spae-maintainer group with non-space-maintainer group after primary tooth extraction. The results were as follows 1) The rate of growth of dental arch of expeirmental group in intercanine width and in inter-1st molar width was more rapid than that of the control group. 2) Arch length is almost no dimensions but it was slightly decreased in lower arch. 3) Dental arch growth and tooth eruption were stimulated by space-maintainer appliance, so it is the best way to replace a new appliance at least once a year. 4) It is thought that satisfactory conclusions in this observation must be researched successively until the mixed dentition completes.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1107-1127
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• 2016

Studies on dynamic characteristics of the hanger vibration using field monitoring data are important for the design and evaluation of high-speed railway truss arch bridges. This paper presents an analysis of the hanger's dynamic displacement responses based on field monitoring of Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge, which is a high-speed railway truss arch bridge with the longest span throughout the world. The three vibration parameters, i.e., dynamic displacement amplitude, dynamic load factor and vibration amplitude, are selected to investigate the hanger's vibration characteristics in each railway load case including the probability statistical characteristics and coupled vibration characteristics. The influences of carriageway and carriage number on the hanger's vibration characteristics are further investigated. The results indicate that: (1) All the eight railway load cases can be successfully identified according to the relationship of responses from strain sensors and accelerometers in the structural health monitoring system. (2) The hanger's three vibration parameters in each load case in the longitudinal and transverse directions have obvious probabilistic characteristics. However, they fall into different distribution functions. (3) There is good correlation between the hanger's longitudinal/transverse dynamic displacement and the main girder's transverse dynamic displacement in each load case, and their relationships are shown in the hysteresis curves. (4) Influences of the carriageway and carriage number on the hanger's three parameters are different in both longitudinal and transverse directions; while the influence on any of the three parameters presents an obvious statistical trend. The present paper lays a good foundation for the further analysis of train-induced hanger vibration and control.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 1998

The fact that, under similar training activities performed in the same environment, march fractures develop in only a certain percentage of the trainees indicates that intrinsic factors are affecting the prevalence of these fractures. Among these intrinsic factors, the relation between foot arch type and the occurance of march fractures was investigated in this study. From 1997 to 1998, at one infantry medical company of infantry corps in Korea, 15 march fracture patients were detected among infantry soldiers. Quantitative measures of the foot arch (longitudinal) structure of 15(30feet) march fracture patients were established and compared with those of 15(30feet) normal person. The results were as follows. 1. From the lateral X-ray film, three parameters (i.e. calcaneal angle, forefoot angle, height to length ratio)were defined to describe the structure of the longitudinal arch of the foot. 2. The mean value of the calcaneal angle of march fracture group and normal control group showed 16.4 degree, 20.5 degree respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P>0.006), but those of forefoot angle and height to length ratio were not. 3. In the calcaneal angle twenty-six feet(87%) of march fracture group were lower than 17 degrees but twenty-five feet(83%) of normal control group were more than 17 degrees. That is, march fracture were more prevalent in feet with low calcaneal angle. 4. In the low arch foot, the orthotic device might relieve the energy load carried by the foot, thus reducing the incidence of march fractures, and should be analyzed in further study.